CSR闭轨测量系统的建立

本文给出用于CSR系统的闭轨测量系统，内容包括shoe-box类型的位置探针介绍、宽带信号处理系统介绍、实验室刻度结果和在线测试结果。论文首先介绍了基于不同工作原理的几种位置探针和信号处理方式，探针包括容式探针、感式探针、条带型探针和wave-guide类型。考虑到CSR系统的实际情况，确定CSR系统的闭轨测量系统选用容式探针以及宽带信号处理系统。比较常用的几种容式探针的性能，可以看出linear-cut类型的shoe-box位置探针在灵敏度和线性方面较为理想，因此选定shoe-box位置探针作为CSR系统的位置探针。电子学系统采用分路信号处理，信号通过宽带低噪声放大器放大之后直接使用采样率为60MS/s的采样卡采样，数字信号的处理使用软件作离线处理，方便灵活且各种功能容易扩展。接下来给出了实验室标定和在线测量的结果。实验室测试结果表明，在实验室噪声水平下，在整个CSR系统束流回旋频率范围内，由于频率的不同对位置测量带来的误差小于40μm；而由于信号强度变化带来的误差小于20μm；在固定频率条件下系统的分辨率好于20μm。在线测量结果表明，系统的分辨率好于20μm；系统除了能够实现闭轨测量以外，还可以实现对束团的监测、tune值的测量以及频率分散的测量。在此基础之上的其他工作，比如闭轨反馈控制系统、逐束团位置测量以及束团中心的横向相空间测量正在进行之中。最后，论文介绍了作者在博士论文期间所作的其他一些工作，包括束运线上的环形位置探针、CSR系统中的单丝剖面测量系统以及HIRFL浅层肿瘤治疗系统中的束诊控制系统

CSR磁场测量系统的建立及运行

CSR磁场测量系统是国家大科学工程兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环（HIRFL-CSR）的一个重要组成部分，它的建立对工程建设有着重要的现实意义。磁场测量数据是加速器束流动力学模拟、磁铁准直安装以及调束参数预置的根本依据，准确可靠的磁场参数测量更是加速器运行的一个重要保证。本论文从磁场测量的基本理论出发介绍了用于加速器磁铁各个方面参数测量的基本方法，并根据CSR对于磁铁参数的具体要求，结合国内外许多同类实验室的经验，制定了CSR磁铁测量方案；组建了三套用于不同目的的测量系统：Hall点测系统、积分测量系统和谐波测量系统。文中介绍了各测量系统的具体构成和运行模式，并对系统中主要元件的结构和参数设计以及实际加工工艺和质量检测的情况作了详细论述。通过理论分析和实际测量，讨论了CSR测磁系统中各种测量探头系统误差产生的原因和大小，以及测量中使用到的电子设备的误差和稳定性。在系统建成后，通过对不同环境下同一数据的长期重复性测量，认为各个测量系统是具有长期稳定性和重复性的。论文最后介绍了新组建的测磁系统在CSRJn注入线二极磁铁和四极磁铁的测量方面的实际应用，在对测磁数据结果分析的基础上讨论了CSR原型磁铁的设计和加工过程中存在的问题，以及CSRIn磁铁加工中应做出的改进和注意事项。

网络测量技术研究与系统实现

近年来，计算机网络迅速发展，各种网络应用层出不穷，各种网络性能面临挑战。对网络流量进行识别和分类，对网络性能进行测量和分析，已成为计算机网络的一个新兴课题。网络测量能够了解网络的行为特征和性能特征等，是对网络进行规划建设和优化改造的基础。 本文以当前网络测量实际应用为背景，介绍了网络测量技术的发展、分类和商用产品，设计并实现了一种纯软件开发的、扩展性强、有实际应用价值的网络测量系统，并对实现过程中所涉及到的网络流量测量和网络性能测量关键技术作了详细描述。 本文工作主要有如下贡献： 1、提出了以纯软件方法开发网络测量系统的方案； 2、设计了网络测量系统的系统结构及各模块之间的接口； 3、设计并实现了网络流量测量子系统，能够监测和分析从数据链路层到应用层等不同协议层次的流量组成和变化趋势，以及主机对之间和服务器负载上的应用类型和流量，提供实时的和历史的流量统计分析功能，可协助分析和定位网络异常和网络瓶颈； 4、设计并实现了网络性能测量子系统，能够测量网络层端到端的跳数、丢包率、往返延迟、往返延迟抖动等参数，以及HTTP、TELNET、FTP和EMAIL等常见网络业务的应用层性能，协助用户分析影响网络性能的原因。

Selective and specific detection of sulfate-reducing bacteria using potentiometric stripping analysis

A fast, sensitive and reliable potentiometric stripping analysis (PSA) is described for the selective detection of the marine pathogenic sulfate-reducing bacterium (SRB). Desulforibrio caledoiensis. The chemical and electrochemical parameters that exert influence on the deposition and stripping of lead ion, such as deposition potential, deposition time and pH value were carefully studied. The concentration of SRB was determined in acetate buffer solution (pH 5.2) under the optimized condition (deposition potential of -1.3 V. deposition time of 250 s, ionic strength of 0.2 mol L-1 and oxidant mercury (II) concentration of 40 mg L-1). A linear relationship between the stripping response and the logarithm of the bacterial concentration was observed in the range of 2.3 x 10 to 2.3 x 10(7) cfu mL(-1). In addition, the potentiometric stripping technique gave a distinct response to the SRB, but had no obvious response to Escherichia coli. The measurement system has a potential for further applications and provides a facile and sample method for detection of pathogenic bacteria. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

基于非线性修正的多线阵像机的空间定位

介绍了一种基于多线阵像机构成的视觉空间定位系统.该系统利用线阵像机的快速性与高分辨率的特点,采用了非平行空间投影面相交定位的基本原理,利用几何投影关系定位求解的方法,实现了多线阵像机视觉系统的空间定位.并提出了多线阵像机的神经网络非线性修正方法,使修正后的PSD能在较宽的位置范围内输出高线性度的信号.实验结果表明,基于非线性修正的多线阵像机位姿测量系统简化了立体视觉空间定位计算的复杂性,在定位精度、定位范围和采样速度上均达到了良好效果.

轨迹测量系统中特征点检测技术研究

针对机器人直线轨迹测量系统中的图像处理鲁棒性问题,开展线结构光光条图像的特征点识别技术研究,提出了一种基于种子点拟合和直线生长的直线分割方法,很好地解决了各种条件下各段拟合直线的端点自动获取问题,提高了系统的环境适应性和测量精度.实验表明,该方法具有很好的鲁棒性.

一种基于神经网络的视觉定位系统

本文提出了一种基于人工神经网络的多线阵相机系统标定与 3D定位方法 ,并应用于基于多线阵相机构成的视觉空间定位系统 .该视觉定位系统利用了线阵相机的快速性与高分辨率的特点 ,非平行空间投影面相交定位的基本原理 ,实现了这种结构下快速、高精度空间定位 .实验表明 ,人工神经网络的定位方法简化了多线阵视觉定位系统标定与定位计算的复杂性 ,在定位精度上达到了良好效果 .为机器人位置反馈控制提供了有效的技术途径

非接触式机器人直线轨迹测量系统

本文给出了一种基于视觉的、造价低廉实用的非接触式机器人直线轨迹测量系统 .该测量系统由结构光视觉传感器、测量轨道、主控计算机及相关软件组成 .视觉传感器可固定于机器人末端 .当机器人末端带动视觉传感器沿测量轨道做直线运动时 ,通过传感器测量相对测量轨道的连续位姿关系 ,就可间接描述机器人末端的运动轨迹 .当重复同一直线运动时 ,可检测出机器人的轨迹重复性 .本文综述了机器人直线轨迹测量设备的研究现状 ,介绍了轨迹检测系统的测量原理 ,重点讨论了该测量系统的两个关键技术 :空间特征点的图象提取技术和三维坐标计算方法 ,并描述了该系统的结构、性能指标和测量试验结果 .

一种测量深海应答器坐标的方法

提出一种适用于深海应答器坐标测量的方法:垂线相交法。这种方法利用立体几何原理,获得应答器坐标。即测量母船在距应答器适中的位置沿两条相互垂直的航迹航行,分别找到两条航迹上与应答器斜距最小的点,过这两个点在水平面上做两条垂线,交点的经纬度坐标就是应答器的经纬度坐标。分析了影响测量误差的重要因素,并提出测量原则以满足精度要求,使测量系统具有很好的鲁棒性。为提高测距精度,采用射线声学理论中的RRA算法对声线进行修正。仿真实验证明了垂线相交法的有效性。该测量方法对深度没有要求,简化了繁琐的现场操作和水声测量系统,具有很高的工程实用价值。

LW-1型机器人重复位姿精度检测系统

本文介绍了一种非接触式（ＬＷ－１型）机器人重复位姿精度检测系统．该系统采用电涡流传感器作为位置信息传感器．以这种传感器的检测性能为基础，研究设计了相应的传感器测量结构、数学模型和坐标变换求解方法，使系统技术指标及使用性能达到了检测机器人重复位姿精度的实用要求．该系统具有鲁棒性强、设计合理、结构简单、造价低廉等特点，可以满足我国现阶段在机器人学研究和机器人开发应用方面的需求

胜利勘探数据中心及勘探辅助决策系统研究

In the paper through extensive study and design, the technical plan for establishing the exploration database center is made to combine imported and self developed techniques. By research and repeated experiment a modern database center has been set up with its hardware and network having advanced performance, its system well configured, its data store and management complete, and its data support being fast and direct. Through study on the theory, method and model of decision an exploration decision assistant schema is designed with one decision plan of well location decision support system being evaluated and put into action. 1. Study on the establishment of Shengli exploration database center Research is made on the hardware configuration of the database center including its workstations and all connected hardware and system. The hardware of the database center is formed by connecting workstations, microcomputer workstations, disk arrays, and those equipments used for seismic processing and interpretation. Research on the data store and management includes the analysis of the contents to be managed, data flow, data standard, data QC, data backup and restore policy, optimization of database system. A reasonable data management regulation and workflow is made and the scientific exploration data management system is created. Data load is done by working out a schedule firstly and at last 200 more projects of seismic surveys has been loaded amount to 25TB. 2. Exploration work support system and its application Seismic data processing system support has the following features, automatic extraction of seismic attributes, GIS navigation, data order, extraction of any sized data cube, pseudo huge capacity disk array, standard output exchange format etc. The prestack data can be accessed by the processing system or data can be transferred to other processing system through standard exchange format. For supporting seismic interpretation system the following features exist such as auto scan and store of interpretation result, internal data quality control etc. the interpretation system is connected directly with database center to get real time support of seismic data, formation data and well data. Comprehensive geological study support is done through intranet with the ability to query or display data graphically on the navigation system under some geological constraints. Production management support system is mainly used to collect, analyze and display production data with its core technology on the controlled data collection and creation of multiple standard forms. 3. exploration decision support system design By classification of workflow and data flow of all the exploration stages and study on decision theory and method, target of each decision step, decision model and requirement, three concept models has been formed for the Shengli exploration decision support system including the exploration distribution support system, the well location support system and production management support system. the well location decision support system has passed evaluation and been put into action. 4. Technical advance Hardware and software match with high performance for the database center. By combining parallel computer system, database server, huge capacity ATL, disk array, network and firewall together to create the first exploration database center in China with reasonable configuration, high performance and able to manage the whole data sets of exploration. Huge exploration data management technology is formed where exploration data standards and management regulations are made to guarantee data quality, safety and security. Multifunction query and support system for comprehensive exploration information support. It includes support system for geological study, seismic processing and interpretation and production management. In the system a lot of new database and computer technology have been used to provide real time information support for exploration work. Finally is the design of Shengli exploration decision support system. 5. Application and benefit Data storage has reached the amount of 25TB with thousand of users in Shengli oil field to access data to improve work efficiency multiple times. The technology has also been applied by many other units of SINOPEC. Its application of providing data to a project named Exploration achievements and Evaluation of Favorable Targets in Hekou Area shortened the data preparation period from 30 days to 2 days, enriching data abundance 15 percent and getting information support from the database center perfectly. Its application to provide former processed result for a project named Pre-stack depth migration in Guxi fracture zone reduced the amount of repeated process and shortened work period of one month and improved processing precision and quality, saving capital investment of data processing of 30 million yuan. It application by providing project database automatically in project named Geological and seismic study of southern slope zone of Dongying Sag shortened data preparation time so that researchers have more time to do research, thus to improve interpretation precision and quality.

Síndrome Dolorosa Miofascial no contexto da Medicina Dentária

Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Medicina Dentária

INVESTIGATION OF OCEAN ACOUSTICS USING AUTONOMOUS INSTRUMENTATION TO QUANTIFY THE WATER-SEDIMENT BOUNDARY PROPERTIES

Sound propagation in shallow water is characterized by interaction with the oceans surface, volume, and bottom. In many coastal margin regions, including the Eastern U.S. continental shelf and the coastal seas of China, the bottom is composed of a depositional sandy-silty top layer. Previous measurements of narrow and broadband sound transmission at frequencies from 100 Hz to 1 kHz in these regions are consistent with waveguide calculations based on depth and frequency dependent sound speed, attenuation and density profiles. Theoretical predictions for the frequency dependence of attenuation vary from quadratic for the porous media model of M.A. Biot to linear for various competing models. Results from experiments performed under known conditions with sandy bottoms, however, have agreed with attenuation proportional to f1.84, which is slightly less than the theoretical value of f2 [Zhou and Zhang, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 117, 2494]. This dissertation presents a reexamination of the fundamental considerations in the Biot derivation and leads to a simplification of the theory that can be coupled with site-specific, depth dependent attenuation and sound speed profiles to explain the observed frequency dependence. Long-range sound transmission measurements in a known waveguide can be used to estimate the site-specific sediment attenuation properties, but the costs and time associated with such at-sea experiments using traditional measurement techniques can be prohibitive. Here a new measurement tool consisting of an autonomous underwater vehicle and a small, low noise, towed hydrophone array was developed and used to obtain accurate long-range sound transmission measurements efficiently and cost effectively. To demonstrate this capability and to determine the modal and intrinsic attenuation characteristics, experiments were conducted in a carefully surveyed area in Nantucket Sound. A best-fit comparison between measured results and calculated results, while varying attenuation parameters, revealed the estimated power law exponent to be 1.87 between 220.5 and 1228 Hz. These results demonstrate the utility of this new cost effective and accurate measurement system. The sound transmission results, when compared with calculations based on the modified Biot theory, are shown to explain the observed frequency dependence.

Characterizing Reference Locality in the WWW

As the World Wide Web (Web) is increasingly adopted as the infrastructure for large-scale distributed information systems, issues of performance modeling become ever more critical. In particular, locality of reference is an important property in the performance modeling of distributed information systems. In the case of the Web, understanding the nature of reference locality will help improve the design of middleware, such as caching, prefetching, and document dissemination systems. For example, good measurements of reference locality would allow us to generate synthetic reference streams with accurate performance characteristics, would allow us to compare empirically measured streams to explain differences, and would allow us to predict expected performance for system design and capacity planning. In this paper we propose models for both temporal and spatial locality of reference in streams of requests arriving at Web servers. We show that simple models based only on document popularity (likelihood of reference) are insufficient for capturing either temporal or spatial locality. Instead, we rely on an equivalent, but numerical, representation of a reference stream: a stack distance trace. We show that temporal locality can be characterized by the marginal distribution of the stack distance trace, and we propose models for typical distributions and compare their cache performance to our traces. We also show that spatial locality in a reference stream can be characterized using the notion of self-similarity. Self-similarity describes long-range correlations in the dataset, which is a property that previous researchers have found hard to incorporate into synthetic reference strings. We show that stack distance strings appear to be strongly self-similar, and we provide measurements of the degree of self-similarity in our traces. Finally, we discuss methods for generating synthetic Web traces that exhibit the properties of temporal and spatial locality that we measured in our data.

Precision biomechanical motion tracking and throw characterisation in professional darts

In professional sports there are in general three steps required to improve performance namely task definition, training and performance assessment. This process is iteratively repeated and feedback generated from quantitative performance measurement is in turn used for task redefinition. Task definition can be achieved in a number of ways including via video streaming or indeed and as is more common, by listening to coaching staff. However non-subjective performance evaluation is difficult due to the complexity of the movements involved. When considering the subset of sports where precision accuracy and repeatability are a necessity this problem becomes inherently more difficult to solve. Until recently sports such as martial arts, fencing and darts, where the smallest deviation from a prescribed movement goal can result in large outcome error, were deemed too difficult to characterise fully. Advances in technology, as illustrated by this study, now make this type of physiometry possible.