Projecto de funda����es e estrutura de um edif��cio de 4 pisos em Lisboa, destinado a habita����o

O objectivo deste trabalho consiste na elabora����o de um projecto de estruturas de um edif��cio, desde a fase de concep����o estrutural at�� �� fase de pormenoriza����o, passando obviamente pelo dimensionamento. O trabalho foi motivo para aplica����o dos conhecimentos adquiridos durante o curso, na pr��tica de projecto de estruturas, nomeadamente na utiliza����o da regulamenta����o europeia de estruturas que est�� para entrar em vigor. O projecto foi elaborado a partir do projecto base de arquitectura e diz respeito a um conjunto de 4 edif��cios de habita����o separados por junta de dilata����o, a construir em Lisboa. A estrutura em bet��o armado constitu��da por lajes fungiformes maci��as apoiadas em pilares, paredes de bet��o e vigas, foi analisada com recurso a um programa de c��lculo autom��tico de elementos finitos SAP 200 V14.2.4. Para a execu����o deste trabalho recorreu-se �� regulamenta����o europeia, nomeadamente o Euroc��digo 0, o Euroc��digo 1, o Euroc��digo 2 e o Euroc��digo 8, na sua vers��o final de Norma Portuguesa. Os crit��rios de dimensionamento bem como as disposi����es construtivas relativas a armaduras de bet��o s��o detalhadamente referidos ao longo do trabalho. Embora a an��lise estrutural tenha sido efectuada para quatro edif��cios, os desenhos de pormenoriza����o de bet��o armado s��o apresentados relativamente apenas ao edif��cio N��1. Optou-se por esta solu����o em virtude de os edif��cios serem semelhantes.

Estruturas tradicionais vs. termoargila em zonas s��smicas

Com a crescente divulga����o no mercado portugu��s de m��todos construtivos de alvenaria resistente tipo Termoargila, compara-se neste trabalho a sua rentabilidade econ��mica, em rela����o �� execu����o em bet��o armado, com paredes n��o estruturais de alvenaria. Estudam-se tr��s tipologias de estruturas com geometria regular (1 piso, 2 pisos, 4 pisos), em zonas s��smicas A e D segundo o Regulamento de Seguran��a e Ac����es. A an��lise dos resultados permite verificar a efici��ncia dos m��todos construtivos para cada tipologia de edif��cio, assim como os seus custos. Analisa-se se o motivo pelo qual em Portugal n��o �� corrente a aplica����o de solu����es estruturais de alvenaria resistente tipo Termoargila, se unicamente econ��mico ou se existe uma in��rcia dos intervenientes na constru����o, privilegiando os m��todos construtivos tradicionais.

Aplica����o do lean construction no controlo e gest��o em processos de produ����o

O presente trabalho �� constitu��do por uma descri����o das metodologias de fabrico de misturas betuminosas a quente, identifica����o de normas e requisitos a cumprir pelos materiais constituintes para cada tipo de mistura e sua fun����o. Os princ��pios Lean definiram a l��gica de trabalho do novo sistema de gest��o e controlo de processos na produ����o de misturas betuminosas na TGA. A filosofia do pensamento Lean tem origem no sistema de produ����o da Toyota (TPS, Toyota Production System), criado por Taiichi Ohno (1988), os seus resultados foram t��o evidentes que iniciou-se um processo de estudo sobre o conceito aplicado. Lean Thinking, (���pensamento magro���), foi utilizado pela primeira vez por James Womack e Daniel Jones em 1996 como conceito de lideran��a e gest��o empresarial, sendo desde ent��o aplicado este termo mundialmente como filosofia de gest��o baseada na cria����o de valoratrav��s de elimina����o do desperd��cio. Lean Construction utiliza os princ��pios Lean e aplica �� constru����o civil, pode ser definida como uma forma de organizar a produ����o minimizando o desperd��cio de materiais, tempo e esfor��o. Alcan��ado atrav��s de uma melhoria sistem��tica de processos de constru����o, dos m��todos de selec����o de fornecimento e confian��a no trabalho. A Lean Construction est�� em desenvolvimento em todo o mundo, mas em Portugal n��o se verifica essa tend��ncia. Foi efectuado um estudo de todas as actividades realizadas no fabrico e controlo de misturas betuminosas, permitindo identificar desperd��cios e aplicar medidas de efici��ncia produtiva. Analise e apresenta����o de resultados obtidos com a aplica����o dos novos processos de gest��o, controlo e produ����o nos centros de produ����o. Este trabalho demonstra que a introdu����o da filosofia Lean permite aumentar n��veis de efici��ncia tornando a empresa mais competitiva.

Enhancing reflexivity and technology in translation learning: case study on the use of ePortfolio as a training environment

In this paper we describe a casestudy of an experiment on how reflexivity and technology can enhance learning, by using ePorfolios as a training environment to develop translation skills. Translation is today a multiskilled job and translators need to assure their clients a good performance and quality, both in language and in technology domains. In order to accomplish it, for the translator all the tasks and processes he develops appear as crucial, being pretranslation and posttranslation processes equally important as the translation itself, namely as far as autonomy, reflexive and critical skills are concerned. Finally, the need and relevance for collaborative tasks and networks amongst virtual translation communities, led us to the decision of implementing ePortfolios as a tool to develop the requested skills and extend the use of Internet in translation, namely in terminology management phases, for the completion of each task, by helping students in the management of the projects deadlines, improving their knowledge on the construction and management of translation resources and deepening their awareness about the concepts related to the development and usability of ePorfolios.

ePortfolios in translators��� training and assessment

Translator���s training and assessment has used more and more tools and innovative strategies over the years. The goals and results to achieve haven���t changed much, however: translation quality. In order to accomplish it, the translator and all the tasks and processes he develops appear as crucial, being pre-translation and post-translation processes equally important as the translation itself, namely as far as autonomy, reflexive and critical skills are concerned. Finally, the need and relevance of collaborative tasks and networks amongst virtual translation communities, led us to the decision of implementing ePortfolios as a tool to develop the requested skills and extend the use of Internet in translation. In this paper we describe a case-study of a pilot experiment on the using of e-portfolios as a translation training tool and discuss their role in the definition of a clear set of objectives and phases for the completion of each task, by helping students in the management of the projects deadlines, improving their knowledge on the construction and management of translation resources and deepening their awareness about the concepts related to the development of eportfolios.

Developing multiple - choice questions in mathematics

In this paper we wish to illustrate different perspectives used to create Multiple-Choice questions and we will show how we can improve these in the construction of math tests. As it is known, web technologies have a great influence on student���s behaviour. Based on an on-line project beginning at 2007 which has been contributing to help students on their individual work, we would like to share our experience and thoughts with colleagues who have a common concern when they have the task of constructing Multiple-Choice tests. We feel that Multiple-Choice tests play an important and a very useful supporting role in selfevaluation or self-examination of our students. Nonetheless, good Multiple���Choice Test Items are generally more complex and time-consuming to create than other types of tests. It requires a certain amount of skill. However, this skill maybe increases through study, practice and experience. This paper discusses a number of issues related to the use of Multiple-Choice questions, lists the advantages and disadvantages of this question format contrasting it with open questions. Some examples are given in this context.

Moodle and multiple-choice tests

Multiple-Choice items are used in many different kinds of tests in several areas of knowledge. They can be considered an interesting tool to the self-assessing or as an alternative or complementary instrument to the traditional methods for assessing knowledge. The objectivity and accuracy of the multiple-choice tests is an important reason to think about. They are especially useful when the number of students to evaluate is too large. Moodle (Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment) is an Open Source course management system centered around learners' needs and designed to support collaborative approaches to teaching and learning. Moodle offers to the users a rich interface, context-specific help buttons, and a wide variety of tools such as discussion forums, wikis, chat, surveys, quizzes, glossaries, journals, grade books and more, that allow them to learn and collaborate in a truly interactive space. Come together the interactivity of the Moodle platform and the objectivity of this kind of tests one can easily build manifold random tests. The proposal of this paper is to relate our journey in the construction of these tests and share our experience in the use of the Moodle platform to create, take advantage and improve the multiple-choices tests in the Mathematic area.

Multiple-choice tests: a tool in assessing knowledge

The purpose of this paper is to analyse if Multiple-Choice Tests may be considered an interesting alternative for assessing knowledge, particularly in the Mathematics area, as opposed to the traditional methods, such as open questions exams. In this sense we illustrate some opinions of the researchers in this area. Often the perception of the people about the construction of this kind of exams is that they are easy to create. But it is not true! Construct well written tests it���s a hard work and needs writing ability from the teachers. Our proposal is analyse the construction difficulties of multiple - choice tests as well some advantages and limitations of this type of tests. We also show the frequent critics and worries, since the beginning of this objective format usage. Finally in this context some examples of Multiple-Choice Items in the Mathematics area are given, and we illustrate as how we can take advantage and improve this kind of tests.

The influence of curing conditions on the mechanical performance of concrete made with recycled concrete waste

Research on the use of Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) as recycled aggregate (in particular crushed concrete) for the production of new concrete has by now established the feasibility of this environmentally-friendly use of otherwise harmful waste. However, contrary to conventional concrete (CC), no large applications of concrete made with recycled concrete have been made and there is still a lack of knowledge in some areas of production and performance of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). One issue concerns curing conditions: these greatly affect the performance of concrete made on site and some potential users of RAC wonder how RAC is affected by far-from-ideal curing conditions. This paper shows the main results of experiments to determine the influence of different curing conditions on the mechanical performance of concrete made with coarse recycled aggregate from crushed concrete. The properties analyzed include compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and abrasion resistance. The general conclusion in terms of mechanical performance is that RAC is affected by curing conditions roughly in the same way as CC. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Constructing reference in children's narratives

In this paper we are concerned with the role played by adverbials in the construction of reference in children's narratives.

Emerg��ncia e desenvolvimento da rela����o de causalidade em narrativas de crian��as

Neste trabalho defendo que as narrativas podem ser instrumentos para avaliar a compet��ncia lingu��stica e comunicativa de crian��as na escola por serem bons indicadores da complexidade sint��ctico-sem��ntica, darem informa����o preciosa sobre compet��ncias discursivas, particularmente constru����o da refer��ncia (nominal e temporal), continuidade t��pica, frases complexas. Por ser o primeiro tipo de texto que as crian��as adquirem, deve ser encarado como um meio importante para desenvolver a consci��ncia meta-textual.

���Um presente feito de muitos passados���: a forma����o de educadores e professores na Escola de Benfica

Este texto foi apresentado no Encontro Comemorativo dos 150 Anos da Forma����o de Professores em Portugal, que se realizou na Escola Superior de Educa����o de Lisboa, em Dezembro de 2012. Numa primeira abordagem real��amos o papel das escolas normais e escolas do magist��rio prim��rio na constru����o da profissionalidade docente e, em seguida, procuramos identificar ruturas e continuidades nas finalidades e nos processos formativos da Escola Superior de Educa����o de Lisboa

T��picos da teoria da relatividade

Disserta����o de Mestrado, Matem��tica para Professores, 25 de Outubro 2013, Universidade dos A��ores.

Entrepreneurship Strategies in a Portuguese and in a Polish Region

In the present paper we will consider strategies of innovation, risk and proactivity as entre/ intrapreneurship strategies. This study was done in a Portuguese and in a Polish region. In Portugal the region was Vale do Sousa, located in the northern Portugal. The Polish region was Lublin Voivodeship and it is situated in the south-eastern part of the country. The study focused on Industrial and Construction sectors. In order to get a valid sample, a group of 251 firms were analysed in Portugal, and 215 in Poland. However, the minimum sample size in Poland should be 323. Since this is a work in progress, we are aiming for this number of questionnaires. Each strategy was analysed individually for both regions and the results pointed to a lack of culture of entrepreneurship in firms��� management. Only Proactivity presented a positive result in firms��� management. Polish firms tend to be more innovative and more risk takers, while in proactivity Portuguese ones present a slightly higher result. Combining the strategy results, it was possible to identify that 61.2% of Portuguese firms present a low level of entrepreneurship, while 60% of Polish firms present a moderate level. Considering intrapreneurship good levels, while Portugal account for 5.2% this figure is 19.1% in Poland.

Entrepreneurship Strategies in Family and Non-family Businesses

The goal of the present paper is to analyse the classic entrepreneurship strategies (Innovation, Risk and Proactivity) in small and medium-sized businesses. However as presented in the title, the study will go further by comparing the results of those strategies in familiar and nonfamiliar businesses. This study was carried on in construction and industry sectors, in the region of Vale do Sousa, in the north of Portugal. In order to classify businesses as familiar or non-familiar types two criterion were adopted: (1) Management Control, (2) Family Employability. On the opposite to some studies that present a larger percentage of familiar businesses in national and European entrepreneurial fabric, the criterion used leaded to a larger number of non-familiar businesses (53%). The results showed that in general SMEs in this region are not following entrepreneurship strategies. Analysing the entire sample without a separation of businesses by nature (familiar/non-familiar) only proactivity showed to be more present in the managerial decisions. There is a lack of innovation and risk culture. Comparing the groups only on proactivity tests was possible to verify some differences. It was concluded that non-familiar businesses are more proactive than familiar ones. Between those groups there are no statistical differences on the means of the variables innovation and risk. At the same time some tests were conducted to test the differences on the variable entrepreneurship. The results were similar to innovation and risk strategies: There are no significant differences on entrepreneurship between these groups of businesses.