O conceito de segurança da Organização do Tratado do Atlântico Norte (OTAN) e a intervenção dos Balcãs (1999)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Partidos na comissão mista de planos, orçamentos públicos e fiscalização (2006-2010)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

De patronato agrícola à Escola Agrotécnica Federal de Castanhal: o que a história do currículo revela sobre as mudanças e permanências no currículo de uma instituição de ensino técnico?

Este estudo insere-se no campo da História do Currículo e tem como objetivo central pesquisar as mudanças e permanências curriculares identificadas em decorrência das diferentes prescrições oficiais que foram implementadas na instituição, atualmente denominada de Escola Agrotécnica Federal de Castanhal, desde sua criação em 1/12/1921, como Patronato Agrícola Manoel Barata, até as recentes reformas implantadas pela LDB n° 9394/1996. Para coleta de dados sobre a História do Currículo desta instituição fez-se uma revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa documental nos arquivos da instituição, no Arquivo Público do Estado do Pará e no Setor de Obras Raras do CENTUR Esta coleta de dados foi realizada para selecionar documentos e fontes iconográficas sobre a instituição, referente ao período pesquisado. A pesquisa bibliográfica subsidiou a caracterização e os eventos que ocorreram na sociedade brasileira e paraense do período pesquisado (1921-1996). Após este levantamento de dados, a análise por nós desenvolvida seguiu três eixos de investigação: primeiramente buscou-se desvelar as condições sócio-político-econômicas vividas pelo Brasil e pelo Estado do Pará durante a República até a década de 1990; em seguida identificaram-se as políticas que foram estabelecidas para o ensino agrícola, para finalmente delimitar quais as influências desta realidade mais ampla no currículo oficial adotado pela EAFC-P A . A partir das análises feitas nos currículos prescritos adotados na instituição, conclui-se que, ao longo de sua existência, a EAFC-P A, como instituição oficial de ensino profissional na área agropecuária, vem adotando estes modelos curriculares para atender imperativos sóciopolíticos, econômicos de cada época.

Um estudo crítico das psicoterapias fenomenológico - existenciais: terapia centrada na pessoa e gestalt-terapia

Este estudo consiste em uma pesquisa teórica que objetiva desenvolver reflexões críticas sobre as bases epistemológicas da terapia centrada na pessoa e da gestaltterapia, configuradas nas matrizes conceituais elaboradas por Carl Rogers e por Frederick Perls. Analisa algumas reconfigurações teóricas dessas psicoterapias propostas por autores brasileiros a partir da articulação com determinados conceitos da fenomenologia de Martin Heidegger. As teorias psicoterápicas, de um modo geral, ainda mantêm uma concepção de sujeito abstrato e descontextualizado historicamente. O mundo hoje nos coloca diante de grandes desafios, em que são necessárias novas formas de compreensão da existência humana e um fazer clínico que dê suporte aos sofrimentos do homem contemporâneo. O percurso metodológico utilizado no estudo constou de: 1. Seleção de textos clássicos para compor as matrizes epistemológicas das psicoterapias centrada na pessoa e gestáltica; 2. Triagem de material produzido por autores que apresentam análise crítica referente ao tema; 3. Sistematização de categorias conceituais da matriz das respectivas psicoterapias; 4. Análise e discussão de alguns temas presentes em publicações nacionais que indicam pontos de re-configurações das matrizes. Dentre os indicativos apontados pelos autores investigados, foi possível destacar: a necessidade de incluir na teoria centrada na pessoa, o estranho, à falta, como condição de possibilidade da existência; superação do conceito de essência, na teoria gestáltica; ressonâncias da concepção heideggeriana de angústia para a prática clínica, já que esta não é concebida enquanto um sintoma psicopatológico a ser extinto ou um distúrbio funcional; assim como dos conceitos de abertura e cuidado, que possibilita pensar a função terapêutica como a de ajudar o cliente a interpretar-se a si mesmo, devolvendo-o ao seu próprio cuidado de maneira mais livre e responsável. Concluímos que, apesar da necessidade de mais estudos a respeito do tema, já há na atualidade um movimento por parte de alguns psicólogos em lançar um olhar contemporâneo sobre a terapia centrada na pessoa e gestáltica, afastando-se de uma concepção essencialista de sujeito e de uma subjetividade enclausurada.

Financiamento da Educação Superior no Pará: uma análise dos cursos de contrato na Universidade Federal do Pará no período de 2000 a 2008

Esse estudo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa que investigou os contratos estabelecidos, no período de 2000 a 2008, entre a Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) e prefeituras do interior do estado do Pará, para a oferta de cursos de licenciatura plena, financiado com os recursos do Fundo de Manutenção e Desenvolvimento do Ensino Fundamental e de Valorização do Magistério (FUNDEF), para os professores das redes municipais de ensino. Para compreender essa problemática, elaboramos os seguintes questionamentos: Como está estruturada a política de financiamento implementada pelo governo federal, para as IFES, ao longo desse período, e quais são as suas relações com a reforma do Estado e da Educação Superior, no país? Qual a política de financiamento do processo de interiorização da Universidade Federal do Pará e qual a sua relação com a política de oferta de cursos de contrato? Qual o montante dos recursos públicos municipais provenientes dos contratos celebrados entre Universidade Federal do Pará e as prefeituras do interior do estado, no período destacado? Como foram aplicados os recursos advindos dos contratos celebrados entre a Universidade Federal do Pará e as prefeituras do interior do estado?Adotamos como metodologia a abordagem quanti-qualitativa e utilizamos dados documentais. Como resultado, percebemos que, a Reforma do Estado, resultante da crise financeira do capital, implicou em reconfigurações do papel do Estado na educação, especialmente no que tange à legislação da educação superior e à política de financiamento para esse nível de ensino. Por isso, a universidade pública brasileira vive uma crise institucional, que se manifesta, especialmente, na estagnação orçamentária dos recursos do Governo Federal para sua manutenção. Os recursos disponibilizados pelo fundo público federal para custearem as despesas com Educação Superior não têm dado conta da crescente demanda de jovens que buscam esse nível de ensino. Ficou evidenciado na pesquisa que os cursos de contrato são uma estratégia de qualificação de profissionais locais com complementação de recursos para manutenção dos campi do interior e para complementação salarial dos professores que atuam nesses cursos.

Simulação computacional no auxílio à tomada de decisão nos processos industriais: utilizando a ferramenta Tecnomatix Plant Simulation 9.0

Atualmente existem inúmeros processos produtivos automatizados, os quais vêm se tornando cada vez mais complexos em função das necessidades do mundo moderno e, portanto, demandam nas fases de projetos e de implementação ferramentas de engenharia cada vez mais poderosas para modelá-los e analisá-los da maneira mais eficiente possível. Nesse ambiente de crescente pressão por resultados positivos, racionalização e aprimoramento de recursos internos, que a ferramenta computacional Tecnomatix Plant Simulation 9.0, surge como um caminho para a obtenção de competitividade produtiva. Ressaltando ainda que, o estudo proposto é de grande relevância para os profissionais da gestão produtiva, os quais almejam resultados que minimizem custos e maximizem lucros.

Território, política e infraestruturas: a influência do governo federal na política urbana dos municípios brasileiros

The evolution of Brazilian federalism (result of the influence and power of oligarchic elites, the different constitutional texts made and policies designed to collect taxes) shows one of the forms of how the Brazilian government uses the territory to effect the exercise of power. In the country, this use takes place by the imposition of rules that regulate and create tension among the entities, and mechanisms of distribution and redistribution of resources among federal agencies acquire great importance because they allow a bigger or lesser autonomy in public administration. The text aims to analyze the voluntary transfers of resources from the Federal Government to the municipalities. These Covenants act as a mechanism that can be configured in promoter of new selectivity and hierarchies between places. With the aim to understand the materialization of public resources in the territory, our analysis intends to identify how the Brazilian government makes use of constitutional mechanisms to enlarge and improve the urban infrastructure in the municipal scale.

Retrospective study of 32 encephalic tumors diagnosed by advanced - image magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography

The incidence of encephalic tumors in dogs and cats has increased in recent years due to the constant advancement of methods of specialist Diagnostic Imaging: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Computed Tomography (CT), used in small animals. These tools, which were distant in the past, are now becoming increasingly important as an additional aid to the identification of tumor processes in the Central Nervous System. The objective, of the present study, was describe imaging findings obtained in 32 cases of encephalic tumors, through techniques of CT and MR imaging procedures during the years 2004 to 2011. Were diagnosed 19/32 by MRI and 13/32 by CT, being the most affected breed Boxer (9/32), the mean age was 10 years.

Regulating State Aid: Inter-jurisdictional competition, public choice, and corporate governance

Depending on the regulatory regime they are subject to, governments may or may not be allowed to hand out state aid to private firms. The economic justification for state aid can address several issues present in the competition for capital and the competition for transfers from the state. First, there are principal-agent problems involved at several stages. Self-interested politicians might enter state aid deals that are the result of extensive rent-seeking activities of organized interest groups. Thus the institutional design of political systems will have an effect on the propensity of a jurisdiction to award state aid. Secondly, fierce competition for firm locations can lead to over-spending. This effect is stronger if the politicians do not take into account the entirety of the costs created by their participation in the firm location race. Thirdly, state aid deals can be incomplete and not in the interest of the citizens. This applies if there are no sanctions if firms do not meet their obligations from receiving aid, such as creating a certain number of jobs or not relocating again for a certain amount of time. The separation of ownership and control in modern corporations leads to principal-agent problems on the side of the aid recipient as well. Managers might receive personal benefits from subsidies, the use of which is sometimes less monitored than private finance. This can eventually be to the detriment of the shareholders. Overall, it can be concluded that state aid control should also serve the purpose of regulating the contracting between governments and firms. An extended mandate for supervision by the European Commission could include requirements to disincentive the misuse of state aid. The Commission should also focus on the corporate governance regime in place in the jurisdiction that awards the aid as well as in the recipient firm.

A discourse-theoretic approach to negotiated rulemaking

In 1996 and in 1997, Congress ordered the Secretary of Health and Human Services to undertake a process of negotiated rulemaking, which is authorized under the Negotiated Rulemaking Act of 1990, on three separate rulemaking matters. Other Federal agencies, including the Environmental Protection Agency and the Occupational Health and Safety Administration, have also made use of this procedure. As part of the program to reinvent government, President Clinton has issued an executive order requiring federal agencies to engage in some negotiated rulemaking procedures. I present an analytic, interpretative and critical approach to looking at the statutory and regulatory provisions for negotiated rulemaking as related to issues of democratic governance surrounding the problem of delegation of legislative power. The paradigm of law delineated by Jürgen Habermas, which sets law the task of achieving social or value integration as well as integration of systems, provides the background theory for a critique of such processes. My research questions are two. First, why should a citizen obey a regulation which is the result of negotiation by directly interested parties? Second, what is the potential effect of negotiated rulemaking on other institutions for deliberative democracy? For the internal critique I argue that the procedures for negotiated rulemaking will not produce among the participants the agreement and cooperation which is the legislative intent. For the external critique I argue that negotiated rulemaking will not result in democratically-legitimated regulation. In addition, the practice of negotiated rulemaking will further weaken the functioning of the public sphere, as Habermas theorizes it, as the central institution of deliberative democracy. The primary implication is the need to mitigate further development of administrative agencies as isolated, self-regulating systems, which have been loosened from the controls of democratic governance, through the development of a robust public sphere in which affected persons may achieve mutual understanding. ^

Correlation between serum total globulins and gamma globulins and their use to diagnose failure of passive transfer in foals.

Various assays have been used as an aid to diagnose failure of passive transfer (FPT) of immunoglobulins in neonatal foals, but often lack sensitivity as screening tests, or are time consuming to perform and impractical as confirmatory tests. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether measurement of serum total globulins (TG; i.e. total protein minus albumin) can be used to estimate the electrophoretic gamma globulin (EGG) fraction in hospitalised neonatal foals with suspected FPT. Sample data from 56 foals were evaluated retrospectively. The coefficient of rank correlation was 0.84. The area under the curve of ROC analysis was 0.887, 0.922 and 0.930 for EGG concentrations <2 g/L, < 4 g/L and <8 g/L, respectively. Cut-offs for TG achieved ≥90% sensitivity for detecting EGG <2 g/L, < 4 g/L and <8 g/L, with negative predictive values of >97% and >94%, using prevalence of 15% and 30%, respectively. These results suggest that measurement of TG can be used as a guide to predicting EGG, provided that appropriate cut-off values are selected, and this technique could be a useful initial screening test for FPT in foals.

Critical indicators associated with negative performance in a selectively manned unit

Introduction. Selectively manned units have a long, international history, both military and civilian. Some examples include SWAT teams, firefighters, the FBI, the DEA, the CIA, and military Special Operations. These special duty operators are individuals who perform a highly skilled and dangerous job in a unique environment. A significant amount of money is spent by the Department of Defense (DoD) and other federal agencies to recruit, select, train, equip and support these operators. When a critical incident or significant life event occurs, that jeopardizes an operator's performance; there can be heavy losses in terms of training, time, money, and potentially, lives. In order to limit the number of critical incidents, selection processes have been developed over time to “select out” those individuals most likely to perform below desired performance standards under pressure or stress and to "select in" those with the "right stuff". This study is part of a larger program evaluation to assess markers that identify whether a person will fail under the stresses in a selectively manned unit. The primary question of the study is whether there are indicators in the selection process that signify potential negative performance at a later date. ^ Methods. The population being studied included applicants to a selectively manned DoD organization between 1993 and 2001 as part of a unit assessment and selection process (A&S). Approximately 1900 A&S records were included in the analysis. Over this nine year period, seventy-two individuals were determined to have had a critical incident. A critical incident can come in the form of problems with the law, personal, behavioral or family problems, integrity issues, and skills deficit. Of the seventy-two individuals, fifty-four of these had full assessment data and subsequent supervisor performance ratings which assessed how an individual performed while on the job. This group was compared across a variety of variables including demographics and psychometric testing with a group of 178 individuals who did not have a critical incident and had been determined to be good performers with positive ratings by their supervisors.^ Results. In approximately 2004, an online pre-screen survey was developed in the hopes of preselecting out those individuals with items that would potentially make them ineligible for selection to this organization. This survey has aided the organization to increase its selection rates and save resources in the process. (Patterson, Howard Smith, & Fisher, Unit Assessment and Selection Project, 2008) When the same prescreen was used on the critical incident individuals, it was found that over 60% of the individuals would have been flagged as unacceptable. This would have saved the organization valuable resources and heartache.^ There were some subtle demographic differences between the two groups (i.e. those with critical incidents were almost twice as likely to be divorced compared with the positive performers). Upon comparison of Psychometric testing several items were noted to be different. The two groups were similar when their IQ levels were compared using the Multidimensional Aptitude Battery (MAB). When looking at the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), there appeared to be a difference on the MMPI Social Introversion; the Critical Incidence group scored somewhat higher. When analysis was done, the number of MMPI Critical Items between the two groups was similar as well. When scores on the NEO Personality Inventory (NEO) were compared, the critical incident individuals tended to score higher on Openness and on its subscales (Ideas, Actions, and Feelings). There was a positive correlation between Total Neuroticism T Score and number of MMPI critical items.^ Conclusions. This study shows that the current pre-screening process is working and would have saved the organization significant resources. ^ If one was to develop a profile of a candidate who potentially could suffer a critical incident and subsequently jeopardize the unit, mission and the safety of the public they would look like the following: either divorced or never married, score high on the MMPI in Social Introversion, score low on MMPI with an "excessive" amount of MMPI critical items; and finally scores high on the NEO Openness and subscales Ideas, Feelings, and Actions.^ Based on the results gleaned from the analysis in this study there seems to be several factors, within psychometric testing, that when taken together, will aid the evaluators in selecting only the highest quality operators in order to save resources and to help protect the public from unfortunate critical incidents which may adversely affect our health and safety.^

Factors influencing hurricane evacuation among Hispanic population

The recent hurricanes of Katrina, Rita, and Dolly have brought to light the precarious situation populations place themselves in when they are unprepared to face a storm, or do not follow official orders to evacuate when a destructive hurricane is poised to hit the area. Three counties in southern Texas lie within 60 miles of the Gulf of Mexico, and along the Mexican border. Determining the barriers to hurricane evacuation in this distinct and highly impoverished area of the United States would help aid local, state, and federal agencies to respond more effectively to persons living here.^ The aim of this study was to examine intention to comply with mandatory hurricane evacuation orders among persons living in three counties in South Texas by gender, income, education, acculturation and county of residence. A questionnaire was administered to 3,088 households across the three counties using a two-stage cluster sampling strategy, stratified by all three counties. The door-to-door survey was a 73-item instrument that included demographics, reasons for and against evacuation, and preparedness for a hurricane. Weighted data were used for the analyses.^ Chi-square tests were run to determine whether differences between observed and expected frequencies were statistically significant. A logistic regression model was developed based on that univariate analysis. Results from the logistic regression estimated odds ratios and their 95 percent confidence intervals for the independent variables.^ Logistic regression results indicate that females were less likely than men to follow an evacuation order. Having a higher education meant more likelihood of evacuating. Those respondents with a higher affiliation with Spanish than English were more likely to follow the evacuation orders. Hidalgo County residents were less likely to evacuate than Cameron or Willacy Counties' residents. Local officials need to implement communication efforts specifically tailored for females, residents with less of an affiliation with Spanish, and Hidalgo County residents to ensure their successful evacuation prior to a strong hurricane's landfall.^

The Environmental Costs of Automobile-Centric Transportation Planning

Since the passage of the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956, the automobile has become the primary form of transportation on the Mississippi Gulf Coast. As the rate of motor vehicle use continues to rise faster than population growth, the benefits of the current transportation system are coming at a price that rivals annual household expenditures for housing. Furthermore, the automobile-centric transportation system incurs environmental costs. Carbon dioxide emissions, motor fuel use, health care costs for chronic illness, and the loss and impairment of natural resources due to sprawling development, continue to escalate. This project analyzes the environmental costs associated with automobile-centric planning for the urbanized area of the Mississippi Gulf Coast and compares these costs to those of alternative transportation modes.

Could European Governance Ideas Improve Federal-provincial Relations in Canada? EDAP 6/2013

Over the past seventeen years Canada has decentralized many social programmes, moving responsibility from the federal government to 13 provinces and territories through bilateral federal-provincial agreements. In contrast, the European Union (EU) has moved in the opposite direction, building pan-European approaches and establishing new processes to facilitate multilateral collaboration among the 28 EU member states. This has been done through a new governance approach called the Open Method of Coordination (OMC). Using a detailed case study − employment policy − this paper explores whether Canada could learn from OMC governance ideas to re-build a pan-Canadian dimension to employment policy and improve the performance of its intergovernmental relations system. Concrete lessons for Canada to improve decentralized governance are suggested: consolidating the different bilateral agreements; using benchmarking instead of controls in fiscal transfers; undertaking research, analysis, and comparisons in order to facilitate mutual learning; revitalizing intergovernmental structures in light of devolution; and engaging social partners, civil society and other stakeholders. Post-devolution Canada is not doing badly in managing employment policy, but could do better. Looking to the EU for ideas on new ways to collaborate provides a chance for setting a forward looking agenda that could ultimately result not only in better labour market outcomes, but also improvements to one small part of Canada’s often fractious federation.