Effect of a novel beta-adrenoceptor agonist (Ro 40-2148) on resting energy expenditure in obese women.

The aim of this single-blind, placebo-controlled study was to investigate the effects of the new beta-adrenergic compound Ro 40-2148 on resting energy expenditure (REE) at rest and after an oral glucose load in non-diabetic obese women before and after two weeks of treatment. After one week of placebo administration and after an overnight fast and one hour rest, REE and glucose and lipid oxidation rates were measured by indirect calorimetry (hood system) before and for 6 h after a single dose of placebo solution. A 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed during this period starting 90 min after the placebo administration. During the following two weeks, using a randomization design, six patients received Ro 40-2148 at a dose of 400 mg diluted in 100 ml water twice a day (i.e. 800 mg per day), while six others continued with the placebo administration. The same tests and measurements were repeated after two weeks, except for the treatment group which received the drug instead of the placebo. The 14-day period of drug administration did not increase REE measured in post-absorptive conditions. Similarly, there was no acute effect on REE of a 400 mg dose of Ro 40-2148. In contrast, glucose-induced thermogenesis was significantly increased after two weeks in the treatment group (means +/- s.e.m.: 3.7 +/- 1.3%, P = 0.047), while no change was observed in the placebo group (-0.8 +/- 0.7%, not significant). Since there was no significant change in the respiratory quotient, the increase in energy expenditure observed in the treatment group was due to stimulation of both lipid and glucose oxidation. The drug induced no variations in heart rate, blood pressure, axillary temperature or in plasma glucose, insulin and free fatty acid levels. In conclusion, this study shows that Ro 40-2148 activates glucose-induced thermogenesis in obese non-diabetic patients.

A single high dose of oral Vitamin D3 is not enough to correct insufficiency and deficiency in a rheumatologic population

Introduction: Vitamin D plays a major role in bone metabolism and neuromuscular function. Supplementation with vitamin D is effective to reduce the risk of fall and of fracture. However adherence to oral daily vitamin D supplementation is low. Screening and correcting vitamin D insufficiency in a general rheumatologic population could improve both morbidity and quality of life in these patients with chronic painful disorders and at high risk of osteoporosis. After determining the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in this population, we evaluated if supplementation with a single high dose of oral 25-OH vitamin D3 was sufficient to correct this abnormality. Methods: During one month (November 2009), levels of 25-OH vitamin D were systematically determined in our rheumatology outpatient clinic and classified into three groups: vitamin D deficiency (<10 µg/l), vitamin D insufficiency (10 to 30µg/l) or normal vitamin D (>30 µg/l). Patients with insufficiency or deficiency received respectively a single high dose of 300'000 IU or 600'000 IU oral vitamin D3. In addition, all patients with osteoporosis were prescribed daily supplement of calcium (1g) and vitamin D (800 IU). 25-OH vitamin D levels were reevaluated after 3 months. Results: Vitamin D levels were initially determined in 292 patients (mean age 53, 211 women, 87% Caucasian). 77% had inflammatory rheumatologic disease (IRD), 20% osteoporosis (OP) and 12% degenerative disease (DD). Vitamin D deficiency was present in 20 (6.8%), while 225 (77.1%) had insufficiency. Of the 245 patients with levels <30µg/l, a new determination of vitamin D level was available in 173 (71%) at 3 months (table 1). Conclusion: Vitamin D insufficiency is highly prevalent in our rheumatologic population (84%), and is not adequately corrected by a single high dose of oral vitamin D3 in more than half of the patients with IRD and DD. In patients with OP, despite association of a single high dose with daily oral vitamin D supplementation, 40% of patients are still deficient when reevaluated at 3 months.

Carte de la France / dressée par Mrs Charle et L. Badré,... ; sous la direction de Mr Letronne,...

Échelle(s) : 1:800 000

Plan de la ville de Hhaleb et de ses environs : dressée de 1811 à 1818

Échelle(s) : [ca 1:16 800], échelle de 1000 pas ordinaires [= 5,5 cm]

Saeta. Núm. 1 / por La Niña de Los Peines, chant ; acomp. de cornetas, trompetas y tambores. Sevillanas. Núm. 2 / por La Niña de Los Peines, chant ; acompanamiento de guitarra por el Nino Ricardo

[Traditions. Europe. Espagne. Andalousie]

Comportamiento y eficiencia de la red de arrastre pelágico Engel 988/400 en el estudio de recursos pelágicos. Crucero BIC Humboldt 9803-05 de Tumbes a Tacna

Se presentan los resultados del comportamiento de la red de arrastre pelágico modelo alemán Engel 988/400 utilizada para la evaluación de los recursos pelágicos anchoveta (Engraulis ringens), sardina (Sardinops sagax sagax), jurel (Trachurus picturatus murphyi), caballa (Scomber japonicus peruanus) y samasa (Anchoa nasus) durante el Crucero Hidroacústico 9803-05 a bordo del BIC Humboldt entre Caleta La Cruz, Tumbes y Los Palos, Tacna, del 20 de marzo al 7 de mayo 1998. Se determinó la distancia entre puertas, el área de la boca de la red y el volumen de agua filtrada que tuvo la red en los arrastres efectivos de una milla náutica de distancia durante los 144 lances de comprobación, obteniéndose un buen rendimiento; se capturó un total de 39.912,14 kg, correspondiendo para anchoveta 16.838,15 kg, sardina 6.800,74 kg, jurel 1.384 kg, caballa 1.404,58 kg, samasa 8.071,8 kg y otros recursos hidrobiológicos 5.413,48 kg, con un índice de captura (CPUE) de 788,79 kg/h. Los valores de datos de comportamiento de la red como la abertura horizontal de la boca, abertura vertical, profundidad de la red y distancia entre la relinga inferior al fondo, etc., se obtuvo en forma directa por medio de una net sonda FS 900 SIMRAD, los arrastres tuvieron en promedio una duración de de 20,8 minutos con una velocidad de arrastre promedio de 3 nudos.

Adaptive sequence evolution in a color gene involved in the formation of the characteristic egg-dummies of male haplochromine cichlid fishes.

BACKGROUND: The exceptionally diverse species flocks of cichlid fishes in East Africa are prime examples of parallel adaptive radiations. About 80% of East Africa's more than 1 800 endemic cichlid species, and all species of the flocks of Lakes Victoria and Malawi, belong to a particularly rapidly evolving lineage, the haplochromines. One characteristic feature of the haplochromines is their possession of egg-dummies on the males' anal fins. These egg-spots mimic real eggs and play an important role in the mating system of these maternal mouthbrooding fish. RESULTS: Here, we show that the egg-spots of haplochromines are made up of yellow pigment cells, xanthophores, and that a gene coding for a type III receptor tyrosine kinase, colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor a (csf1ra), is expressed in egg-spot tissue. Molecular evolutionary analyses reveal that the extracellular ligand-binding and receptor-interacting domain of csf1ra underwent adaptive sequence evolution in the ancestral lineage of the haplochromines, coinciding with the emergence of egg-dummies. We also find that csf1ra is expressed in the egg-dummies of a distantly related cichlid species, the ectodine cichlid Ophthalmotilapia ventralis, in which markings with similar functions evolved on the pelvic fin in convergence to those of the haplochromines. CONCLUSION: We conclude that modifications of existing signal transduction mechanisms might have evolved in the haplochromine lineage in association with the origination of anal fin egg-dummies. That positive selection has acted during the evolution of a color gene that seems to be involved in the morphogenesis of a sexually selected trait, the egg-dummies, highlights the importance of further investigations of the comparative genomic basis of the phenotypic diversification of cichlid fishes.

Representação Social dos Imigrantes Chineses: A imagem construída pelos comerciantes Caboverdianos, Oeste-africanos e os utentes do Sucupira na Cidade da Praia

O estudo aborda a temática das migrações. Cabo Verde era visto como um país emigração, porém, a realidade tornou-se outra, visto que nos últimos anos passou a ser de imigração, devido ao fluxo dos imigrantes, com maior afluência dos provenientes da costa ocidental africana. Este estudo pretende analisar e perceber os pontos de vista que os comerciantes caboverdianos e oeste-africanos do mercado de Sucupira, na Cidade da Praia, têm em relação aos chineses, já que ambos se interessam pela área do comércio. Da mesma, forma a visão dos utentes em relação a esses imigrantes. Foi utilizado a metodologia qualitativa, realizou-se entrevistas semi-directivas aos actores supra citados, no mercado do Sucupira, espaço comercial que alberga cerca de 800 comerciantes, tanto nacionais como os oeste-africanos. Quanto a estes, teve-se a preocupação em saber, sua situação no país, a maneira como percebem as políticas adoptadas pelo Governo, bem como as dificuldades que atravessam no país de acolhimento.

Població i territori al Pla de l'Estany

El Pla de l'Estany comprèn 11 municipis agrupats al voltant d'una petita ciutat, Banyoles, on viu actualment el 60% de la població comarcal (13.000 habitants). La resta d'estanyencs, uns 8.000, estan heterogèniament repartits en la desena de municipis restants que -si exceptuem Porqueres i Cornellà de Terri- en cap cas superens els 800 vilatans

Sexto crucero del barco de exploración científica Profesor Mesiatsev (Vniro) (3-20 Abril 1973). Informe sobre los trabajos científico-pesqueros en las aguas adyacentes a la costa del Perú

Brinda información sobre el crucero realizado, que fue principalmente de prospección para tener una mejor idea de la fauna del área para lo cual se efectuó arrastres a profundidades entre 800-1200 m, utilizando una draga y una red de fondo.

Habitat-quality effects on metapopulation dynamics in greater white-toothed shrews, Crocidura russula.

The effects of patch size and isolation on metapopulation dynamics have received wide empirical support and theoretical formalization. By contrast, the effects of patch quality seem largely underinvestigated, partly due to technical difficulties in properly assessing quality. Here we combine habitat-quality modeling with four years of demographic monitoring in a metapopulation of greater white-toothed shrews (Crocidura russula) to investigate the role of patch quality on metapopulation processes. Together, local patch quality and connectivity significantly enhanced local population sizes and occupancy rates (R2 = 14% and 19%, respectively). Accounting for the quality of patches connected to the focal one and acting as potential sources improved slightly the model explanatory power for local population sizes, pointing to significant source-sink dynamics. Local habitat quality, in interaction with connectivity, also increased colonization rate (R2 = 28%), suggesting the ability of immigrants to target high-quality patches. Overall, patterns were best explained when assuming a mean dispersal distance of 800 m, a realistic value for the species under study. Our results thus provide evidence that patch quality, in interaction with connectivity, may affect major demographic processes.

Eficiencia y comportamiento de las redes de arrastre pelágicas en el estudio de recursos pelágicos. Crucero BIC Jose Olaya Balandra y BIC Humboldt 9906

Los resultados del Crucero 9906 de Evaluación Hidroacústica de Recursos Pelágicos a bordo del BIC Humboldt y del BIC José Olaya Balandra en el área cubierta entre Paita (05°00 'S) y Bahía Independencia (14°15°S), del 13 al 28 de junio de 1999, indican que las redes de arrastre pelágicas 124/1800 y 494/800 tuvieron buena eficiencia y comportamiento en 100 lances de comprobación. La captura total de los dos buques fue de 11.243.3 kg, correspondiendo a la anchoveta 8.564,1 kg; sardina 35,49 kg; jurel 22,2 kg; caballa 131 kg; samasa 25,47 kg; vinciguerria 1.242,31 kg y otros recursos 1.213,64 kg. El índice de captura (CPUE) del BIC José Olaya Balandra fue de 748,98 kg/h y del BIC Humboldt 72,31 kg/h. El mayor porcentaje de mezcla de los 100 lances con recursos pelágicos correspondió a la anchoveta con otros recursos a 10 mn de distancia de la costa.

Condutividade hidráulica de amostras remoldadas de um latossolo roxo distrófico tratado com água/vinhaça

Este trabalho foi realizado no CENA/USP, Piracicaba, SP, com a finalidade de obter informações relativas aos efeitos da aplicação de água/vinhaça (nas dosagens de 100, 200, 400, 800 e 1.000 m³ ha-1) na condutividade hidráulica de amostras remoldadas de um Latossolo Roxo distrófico, sob condições saturadas e não saturadas. Empregou-se, para tanto, um infiltrômetro de carga constante, para a avaliação da condutividade hidráulica em solo saturado e, na caracterização da condutividade hidráulica em solo não saturado, utilizou-se o método do perfil instantâneo, sendo os dois experimentos realizados sob condições de laboratório. Com o aumento das dosagens de vinhaça, ocorreu um decréscimo gradativo da condutividade hidráulica sob condições de saturação e de forma mais pronunciada a partir das dosagens maiores que 400 m³ ha-1. A aplicação do método do perfil instantâneo em condições de laboratório na caracterização da condutividade hidráulica do solo não saturado foi satisfatória, havendo concordância razoável dos valores da condutividade hidráulica do solo saturado, obtidos por esse método, com os obtidos experimentalmente pela utilização do infiltrômetro de carga constante. Não houve diferença expressiva entre os valores obtidos da condutividade hidráulica do solo não saturado entre os tratamentos com água e vinhaça.

Annual Report of the Iowa Grape and Wine Development Commission for Fiscal Year, 2007

FY2007 was a productive year for the Iowa Grape and Wine Development Commission. Fourteen proposals were recommended for funding totaling over $390,000 in outlays. Included in the approved proposals were funds for the establishment and staffing of a Midwest Grape and Wine Institute at Iowa State University, a newly created viticulturist position at Des Moines Area Community College, funding for the first annual Mid-American Wine Competition, and marketing and promotion of four regional cooperative wine events and one wine trail. Commission funding supported a survey of commercial wine producers and grape growers and a new brochure on Iowa’s vineyards. A committee was formed to provide details for a Scholarship Program to aid vineyard and winery staff with the expenses of accredited coursework. Based on the survey conducted and from other governmental and industry sources, the Iowa grape and wine industry appears to continue to be very viable and growth continues at a strong pace. Wine produced in the state for 2007 was estimated at a market value in excess of $12.3 million. A tabulation of the budget revealed that just over $800,000 in wine gallonage tax appropriations have been received into the Grape and Wine Development Fund from 15 FY2003 through FY2007. Expenditures have totaled just over $607,000 during that same time. Just over 80% of expenditures have gone to “Technical” spending. Over time, funds invested in “Technical” programs will translate into an increasingly educated and institutionally-supported industry. Local, regional, and statewide events also appear to be increasing in popularity and the Commission plans to continue and increase support for these events. It is hoped the Scholarship Program will be up and running and funding will need to be appropriated for that project. The Commission also believes many projects and events will become more and more self sustaining as they develop and mature. As they continue to support Iowa’s grape and wine industry, the members of the Commission look forward to working with individuals, commercial enterprises, state and federal agencies, and industry-sponsored institutions in the upcoming year and in years to come.