Pathogenesis of hepatic septal fibrosis associated with Capillaria hepatica infection of rats

Septal fibrosis is a common form of hepatic fibrosis, but its etiology and pathogenesis are poorly understood. Rats infected with the helminth Capillaria hepatica constitute a good experimental model of such fibrosis. To investigate the pathogenetic contribution of the several parasitic factors involved, the following procedures were performed in rats: a) regarding the role of eggs, these were isolated and injected either into the peritoneal cavity or directly into the liver parenchyma; b) for worms alone, 15-day-old infection was treated with mebendazole, killing the parasites before oviposition started; c) for both eggs and worms, rats at the 30th day of infection were treated with either mebendazole or ivermectin. Eggs only originated focal fibrosis from cicatricial granulomas, but no septal fibrosis. Worms alone induced a mild degree of perifocal septal fibrosis. Systematized septal fibrosis of the liver, similar to that observed in the infected controls, occurred only in the rats treated with mebendazole or ivermectin, with dead worms and immature eggs in their livers. Thus, future search for fibrogenic factors associated with C. hepatica infection in rats should consider lesions with both eggs and worms.

Histological evaluation of the lesion induced by inoculation of Leishmania mexicana in the cheek pouch of the hamster

We have studied the role of the immune response in the morphology of the leishmaniotic granuloma induced in the cheek pouch of hamsters, an immunologically privileged site, after inoculation of 3 x 10(5) Leishmania mexicana. Animals were histologically and immunologically evaluated until 120 days after inoculation. Independent of the time of sacrifice, the animals were always non-reactors to the footpad test (FPT). At histology, the introduction of L. mexicana in the cheek pouch leads to an abscess that evolves to a granulomatous reaction rich in amastigote forms, and later it leads to resolution, even in the absence of immune response detectable by FPT. Our results demonstrate that the development of immune response is not preponderant for the control of infection induced by L. mexicana inoculated subcutaneously in the cheek pouch of the hamster. It also suggests that the macrophages present in the leishmaniotic granuloma are capable of eliminating this parasite, even in the absence of immune response evaluated by FPT.

Características de argamassas de cal aérea com diferentes traços e teores de metacaulino sujeitas a aspersão com água potável e do mar a idades jovens

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em: Engenharia Civil – Perfil de Construção

Production of septal fibrosis of the liver by means of foreign protein injections into rats

Similarities and differences in antigenic humoral responses and electrophoretic patterns between Capillaria hepatica and pig-serum were investigated as a contribution to the understanding of hepatic fibrosis induced by the parenteral administration of foreign proteins. Only two out of 10 rats receiving repeated intraperitoneal injections of an extract of Capillaria hepatica-infected mouse liver presented septal hepatic fibrosis (20%). Under the same experimental conditions, 4 out of 9 rats (44.4%) developed septal fibrosis following whole pig-serum administration. Injections of normal mouse liver extracts did not result in hepatic fibrosis. Since a 100% septal fibrosis rate is observed in experimentally Capillaria hepatica-infected rats, it appeared that Capillaria hepatica products continuously released from inside the liver creates a much more effective fibrosis inducing mechanism than the parenteral administration of such factors. Thus, repeated peritoneal administration of a foreign protein to rats would not reveal the full fibrogenic potential it may have under natural conditions.

Caracterização de argamassas de cal aérea e terra

Argamassas 2014 - I Simpósio de Argamassas e Soluções Térmicas de Revestimento, 5-6 Junho, ITeCons, Universidade de Coimbra

Caracterização de rebocos de argamassas de cal aérea e de cal hidráulica natural com metacaulino e resíduos cerâmicos em exposição natural

Argamassas 2014 - I Simpósio de Argamassas e Soluções Térmicas de Revestimento, 5-6 Junho, ITeCons, Universidade de Coimbra

Argamassas de reboco com cal aérea, terra e fibras naturais: avaliação preliminar da suscetibilidade à contaminação biológica

Argamassas 2014 - I Simpósio de Argamassas e Soluções Térmicas de Revestimento, 5-6 Junho, ITeCons, Universidade de Coimbra

Pseudoneoplastic lesion of the breast caused by Schistosoma mansoni

A case of a pseudoneoplastic lesion of the breast clinically and sonographically suggestive of a fibroadenoma is reported. Excisional biopsy revealed the nodule was an inflammatory process consequent to infection by Schistosoma mansoni.

Highly aggressive squamous cell carcinoma in an HIV-infected patient

Unusually aggressive forms of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma are being increasingly recognized as a complication of HIV infection. We report the case of a 59-year-old male patient with advanced HIV infection who presented with a highly aggressive SCC lesion over the scalp area with destruction of the underlying parietal bone and fulminant clinical progression.

Bancroftian filariasis in an endemic area of Brazil: differences between genders during puberty

Gender differences in susceptibility to infectious diseases have been observed in various studies. A survey was performed in a bancroftian filariasis endemic area in the city of Olinda, Brazil. All residents aged 5 years or older were examined by thick blood film. People aged 9 to 16 years were interviewed and also tested for filarial antigenaemia. Data were analyzed by contingency table methods and regression models. The risk of microfilaraemia for males was significantly higher. Among those aged 9 to 16 years, the analysis of gender and filariasis by age showed that boys from 15 to 16 years had a higher risk of infection than girls. No association was found between menarche and filariasis in girls. The data suggest that variations between gender in filariasis could result, at least in part, from an increase in susceptibility of men. This epidemiologic feature needs to be considered while formulating elimination plans.

Argamassas de cal aérea e terra caulinítica. Caracterização física e química

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil – Perfil Construção

Argamassas de cal aérea e metacaulino influência do traço, da cura marítima e da idade

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil – Perfil Construção

Risk factors for Leishmania chagasi infection in an urban area of Minas Gerais State

In order to understand the determinants of human infection by Leishmania chagasi in an urban area, a cross-sectional population based study was conducted using molecular and serologic methods to identify infection. Participants were interviewed using a pre-coded questionnaire. Two criteria were tested to identify risk factors: Model 1- including all participants positive in hybridization by Leishmania donovani complex probe; Model 2- including all participants positive for hybridization and at least one serologic test. In Model 1, the variables associated with infection were: ownership of birds, time spent outside house between 6:00-10:00 PM and garbage not collected. In Model 2, the variables associated with infection were: family with knowledge of the vector, garbage not collected, garbage not removed or buried, ownership of birds and eroded areas in the neighborhood. The risk factors identified were associated with household conditions, presence of animals and the likelihood of contact with phlebotomine sandflies.

A distributed platform for the volunteer execution of workflows on a local area network

Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Computer Science

Caracterização de argamassas de cal aérea e terra. A influência do traço e tipo de fibra natural

A crescente consciencialização das sociedades para a reabilitação de edifícios tem aumentado o interesse da comunidade científica por argamassas tradicionais baseadas em materiais mais susten-táveis e compatíveis com suportes antigos. Contrariamente ao cimento, de uso generalizado nas últi-mas décadas, as argamassas com base em cal aérea têm recuperado espaço na construção graças aos seus bons resultados, sobretudo quando aplicadas em edifícios antigos. A introdução de fibras naturais constitui uma tentativa para melhorar certas características das argamassas, aumentando a sua durabilidade, sem perder sustentabilidade. Contudo, a incorporação de terra e fibras naturais em argamassas de cal aérea não é actualmente uma prática generalizada, pelo que o seu estudo é im-prescindível para perceber a sua viabilidade. Neste contexto, esta dissertação avalia a influência da introdução de terra argilosa e de fibras natu-rais em argamassas de cal aérea. As argamassas estudadas são constituídas por cal aérea e areias siliciosas, partindo de traços volumétricos 1:2 e 1:3. Nas argamassas de traço mais forte é feita uma substituição de 25% do ligante (cal aérea) por terra, enquanto nas de traço mais fraco se substitui 10% de areia fina por terra. Realizaram-se ensaios de caracterização nas argamassas em estado fresco e em estado endurecido (28, 90 e 180 dias), sobre provetes condicionados em laboratório (prismáticos e sobre tijolo) e, aos 28 dias, sobre painéis de reboco aplicados num murete de taipa existente na Estação de Exposição Natural de Revestimentos do DEC da FCT-UNL. No estado fresco verificou-se que a introdução de fibras naturais nas argamassas aumenta o seu espalhamento, melhorando a trabalhabilidade. No estado endurecido, constatou-se que a inclusão dessas fibras tornou as argamassas mais porosas e, consequentemente, com melhor comportamento térmico e pior comportamento mecânico, pela redução de resistências. No comportamento face à água, a adição de lã de ovelha destacou-se como uma solução que melhora, consideravelmente, as condições de secagem. A generalidade das argamassas estudadas revela grande aptidão para apli-cação em reboco de edifícios antigos mas o teor de fibras deve ser limitado.