Resolutions. Thirtieth session. Committee of the Whole

Resolution 692(PLEN.30) Admission of the Kingdom of Norway as a member of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean .-- Resolution 693(PLEN.30) Application of the Principle 10 of the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development in Latin America and the Caribbean .-- Resolution 694(PLEN.30) Forum of the Countries of Latin America and the Caribbean on Sustainable Development.

Avaliação do ganho de peso e aspectos reprodutivos de primíparas zebuínas suplementadas com uréia no período seco

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho produtivo e reprodutivo de vacas de corte primíparas, suplementadas com uréia no período seco. Foram utilizadas 58 fêmeas mestiças Tabapuã x Nelore, prenhas, com idade média de 39 meses e peso médio de 399 kg. Os animais experimentais foram vermifugados e divididos em dois grupos, um grupo (A) suplementado com sal mineral e o outro (B) com sal mineral enriquecido com uréia, na proporção de 80:20 (sal:uréia). Os animais foram mantidos em uma área de 50 hectares de capim Brachiaria brizantha, sendo 25 hectares para cada grupo. Durante os meses de agosto a novembro, período mais seco do ano na região, o pasto apresentou em média 5.800 kg de matéria seca por hectare com 6,2% de proteína bruta. As misturas minerais foram administradas em cochos cobertos de forma a atender um consumo ad libitum durante o período seco. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado com dois tratamentos. Foi verificada diferença no peso vivo ao final do experimento (PVF) entre os tratamentos com sal mineral e sal mineral com uréia, com valores médios de 360,1 kg e 385,8 kg, respectivamente. Também foi observada diferença para o ganho médio diário, com média de 0,465 kg/an/dia para o grupo tratado com uréia, e 0,284 kg/an/dia para o grupo controle, com ganho pós-parto de 41,2 e 26,5 kg/animal, respectivamente. O melhor desempenho dos animais suplementados deve estar relacionado ao aumento no consumo de matéria seca promovido pela suplementação com uréia (12,610 kg contra 8,744 kg). O melhor desenvolvimento corporal (peso e escore corporal) ao início da estação de monta refletiu na manifestação de cio dos animais, sendo que 75% das vacas suplementadas com uréia já haviam manifestado cio durante os primeiros 60 dias da estação de monta contra apenas 53,33% das não suplementadas. Quando se avaliou o período integral da estação de monta não foi observado diferença entre a manifestação de cio das fêmeas suplementadas ou não, fato relacionado ao bom escore corporal apresentado pelos animais ao fim da estação de monta, 3,7 nas fêmeas suplementadas e 2,9 nas não suplementadas.

Effect of feeding whole linseed as a source of polyunsaturated fatty acids on performance and egg characteristics of laying hens kept at high ambient temperature

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding whole linseed on the laying performance and egg characteristics in laying hens kept at high ambient environmental temperatures (average 34 degrees C; the diurnal temperature range 26 degrees C to 41 degrees C). Two hundred and forty 38-wk-old white Leghorn laying hens were fed diets containing 0, 5, 10 or 15% whole linseed (as a source of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) for a period of 12 weeks. Egg production was recorded daily, while feed intake and egg characteristics were monitored on weekly basis. The results of the study demonstrated that egg production and feed intake decreased, while feed conversion ratio (FCR) per dozen of eggs increased (p <= 0.05) with increasing dietary linseed levels. Egg weight, yolk weight, albumen height, eggshell weight, and eggshell thickness were not influenced (p > 0.05) by linseed levels in the diets offered to the laying hens. The results of the present trial suggest that feeding linseed to the laying hens in hot climates has no detrimental effects on egg characteristics, but has suppressive effects on egg production, feed intake and feed efficiency of laying hens.

Increased salivary immunoglobulin A and reduced alpha-amylase activity in whole saliva from spastic cerebral palsy individuals

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Enteral nutrition feeding alters antioxidant activity in unstimulated whole saliva composition of patients with neurological disorders

Patients with neurological disorders have an increased risk of oral and systemic diseases due to compromised oral hygiene. If patients lose the ability to swallow and chew food as a result of their disorder, enteral nutrition is often utilized. However, this type of feeding may modify salivary antioxidant defenses, resulting in increased oxidative damage and the emergence of various diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of enteral nutrition on biochemical parameters in the unstimulated whole saliva composition of patients with neurological disorders. For this, enzymatic (superoxide dismutase - SOD; glutathione peroxidase - GPx) and non-enzymatic (uric acid; ferric ion reducing antioxidant power - FRAP) antioxidant activity, as well as a marker for oxidative damage (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances - TBARS) were analyzed. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected from 12 patients with neurological disorders and tube-feeding (tube-fed group - TFG), 15 patients with neurological disorders and normal feeding via the mouth (non-tube-fed group - NTFG), and 12 volunteers without neurological disorders (control group - CG). The daily oral hygiene procedures of TFG and NTFG patients were similar and dental care was provided monthly by the same institution's dentist. All patients exhibited adequate oral health conditions. The salivary levels of FRAP, uric acid, SOD, GPx, TBARS, and total protein were compared between studied groups. FRAP was increased (p < 0.05) in the NTFG (4651 +/- 192.5 mmol/mL) and the TFG (4743 +/- 116.7 mmol/mL) when compared with the CG (1844 +/- 343.8 mmol/mL). GPx values were lower (p < 0.05) in the NTGF (8.24 +/- 1.09 mmol/min/mg) and the TFG (8.37 +/- 1.60 mmol/min/mg) than in the CG (15.30 +/- 2.61 mmol/min/mg). Uric acid in the TFG (1.57 +/- 0.23 mg/dL) was significantly lower than in the NTFG (2.34 +/- 0.20 mg/dL) and the CG (3.49 +/- 0.21 mg/dL). Protein was significantly lower in the TFG (5.35 +/- 0.27 g/dL) than in the NTFG (7.22 +/- 0.57 g/dL) and the CG (7.86 +/- 0.54 g/dL). There was no difference in the salivary flow rate and SOD between groups. Enteral nutrition in patients with neurological disorders was associated with lower oxidative damage, resulting in increased salivary. antioxidant capacity. These results emphasize the importance of oral care for this population to prevent oral and systemic diseases. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Microbiological quality of whole and filleted shelf-tilapia

Despite fish being a rich source of animal nutrients and having numerous associated health benefits, it is an extremely perishable food, prone to a wide range of hazards. The bacterial load associated with shelf-whole-fish organs (e.g. digestive tracts and skin) or mishandling of fish may be a vehicle of infection and become a risk to public health. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the microbiological quality of whole ungutted and filleted shelf-tilapia, as well as assess the safety for human consumption. For this purpose, in order to investigate the distribution and occurrence of bacterial populations, the count of total and thermotolerant coliforms, coagulase-positive Staphylococcus and presence of Salmonella spp. was determined. This paper shows that all fish organs were contaminated with thermotolerant coliform. Skin and fillet show higher populations and occurrence of all microorganisms analyzed. Lower bacterial populations were recovered from the gut and muscles of whole tilapia. Two samples of fillet were contaminated with coagulase-positive Staphylococcus. It can be concluded that the skin and filleted tilapia are important carriers of food-borne pathogens. In addition, fish might become an important cross and self-contamination source. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Production and characterization of lipases and immobilization of whole cell of the thermophilic Thermomucor indicae seudaticae N31 for transesterification reaction

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)