Revue des cas d'intoxication aux champignons dans un service d'urgence entre 2005 et 2011

Introduction: Les services d'urgences sont régulièrement confrontés à des intoxications par ingestion de champignons. Ces situations, souvent banales, peuvent nécessiter une prise en charge intensive et comporter un risque réel de morbi-mortalité, en particulier lors de cytolyse hépatique aiguë. La prévalence, ainsi que la fréquence réelle des complications liées à l'ingestion de champignons sont mal connues. Méthodes: Etude rétrospective dans un service d'urgence universitaire entre décembre 2004 et octobre 2011. Les codes diagnostics «intoxication aux champignons», ainsi que les termes «amanite» ou «champignons» ont été extraits de la base de données des urgences. Les caractéristiques des patients, leurs présentations cliniques, durées de séjour et complications ont été analysées. Résultats: 72 cas ont été répertoriés et revus, âge 44,3 ± 2,0 ans (moy ± SE, 95%CI 40,2-48,4), ratio H:F 1:1,2 (33H, 39F). 81% des cas sont survenus entre août et décembre. 14 cas sont arrivés sous forme de clusters familiaux (35 patients, moyenne = 2,6 cas/cluster, min: 2, max: 7). Un spécialiste en mycologie a été contacté dans 25 cas pour identifier les champignons. 69 patients (96%) sont rentrés à domicile depuis les urgences (séjour de 10,8 ± 1,3 heures, 95%CI 8,2-13,4 h). Lorsque les symptômes survenaient <= 4 heures après l'ingestion, les patients restaient moins longtemps (N = 57, durée séjour médiane 6,1 h, P25-P75 3,2-11,8 h) que les cas avec des symptômes plus tardifs (N = 15, durée séjour médiane 13,3 h, P25-P75 10,2-36,2) (p = 0,0001 selon Mann-Whitney). Une patiente a nécessité un transfert dans un centre spécialisé (intoxication par amanite phalloïde, avec dosage positif de l'alpha-amanitine). Elle a bénéficié de silibinine et d'une hospitalisation (9 jours), avec une évolution favorable sans nécessité de transplantation. Les symptômes étaient apparus tardivement (7 h). Conclusions: Sur les 72 cas, un seul (1,4%) a nécessité une prise en charge spécialisée. Les autres patients ont pu rentrer à domicile dans les heures qui ont suivi leur admission. Une grande partie des cas est survenue entre août et décembre, période favorable pour la récolte ou la consommation de champignons. Cette analyse confirme que la plupart des cas sont bénins et que les patients peuvent rentrer rapidement à domicile une fois les symptômes passés. Le seul cas potentiellement grave a présenté des symptômes tardifs et une longue hospitalisation, ce qui réaffirme les données de la littérature.

Savoir s'assurer : économie politique internationale des normes de services et mondialisation du marché de la (ré)assurance

The significance of the insurance industry in the functioning of the world economy is often underestimated, with premiums reaching 7.5 % of world gross domestic product (GDP), three times as much as worldwide military expenses. Insurance services mutualise risks in such a way as they provide a form of private governance that complements or makes up for guarantees otherwise supplied by the State. This case study of international standards developed for the insurance market provides evidence that deviates from conventional accounts considering service standards as heavily dependent of national environments and industry specificities. The chapter examines the relationship between tertiarisation, internationalisation and standardisation of contemporary economies by highlighting the complementarity between institutionalist approaches of the French regulation school and international political economy scholarship shedding light on the polarisation in the possible use of standards, notwithstanding thesectoraland institutional specificities of the activities concerned.

Tuberculosis comorbidity with communicable and non-communicable diseases: integrating health services and control efforts.

Recent data for the global burden of disease reflect major demographic and lifestyle changes, leading to a rise in non-communicable diseases. Most countries with high levels of tuberculosis face a large comorbidity burden from both non-communicable and communicable diseases. Traditional disease-specific approaches typically fail to recognise common features and potential synergies in integration of care, management, and control of non-communicable and communicable diseases. In resource-limited countries, the need to tackle a broader range of overlapping comorbid diseases is growing. Tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS persist as global emergencies. The lethal interaction between tuberculosis and HIV coinfection in adults, children, and pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa exemplifies the need for well integrated approaches to disease management and control. Furthermore, links between diabetes mellitus, smoking, alcoholism, chronic lung diseases, cancer, immunosuppressive treatment, malnutrition, and tuberculosis are well recognised. Here, we focus on interactions, synergies, and challenges of integration of tuberculosis care with management strategies for non-communicable and communicable diseases without eroding the functionality of existing national programmes for tuberculosis. The need for sustained and increased funding for these initiatives is greater than ever and requires increased political and funder commitment.

Combined Report on the Institutions Under the Control of the Iowa Department of Human Services, Schedules, Findings and Recommendations, June 30, 2004

State Audit Reports

North Iowa Juvenile Detention Services Commission, Independent Auditor's Reports, Financial Statement and Required Supplementary Information, Schedule of Findings, June 30, 2005

Other Audit Reports - 28E Organizations

Report of Recommendations to the Iowa Department of Human Services - Central Distribution Center, June 30, 2005

Other Audit Reports - DHS Institutions

Iowa Department of Human Services - Case Management Unit, Independent Auditor's Reports, Basic Financial Statements and Supplementary Information, June 30, 2005

State Audit Reports

Report of Recommendations to the Iowa Department of Human Services, June 30, 2005

State Audit Reports

Report of Recommendations to the Iowa Department of Administrative Services, June 30, 2005

State Audit Reports

Combined Report of Recommendations to the Eight Judicial District Departments of Correctional Services, June 30, 2005

Other Audit Reports - Judicial

Combined Report on the Institutions under the control of the Iowa Department of Human Services, Schedules, Findings and Recommendations, June 30, 2005

State Audit Reports

Dormitory and Dining Services Revenue Bond Funds, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Independent Auditor's Report, Basic Financial Statements and Supplementary Information, June 30, 2006

State University Audit Report

Use of health services by residents at a seniors-only living facility

The objective of the study was to compare the use of medical and dental services by seniors residing at a seniors-only living facility and in the general community. It was a quantitative study, among 50 residents of the living facility and 173 in the general community. The data were collected between November 2011 and February 2012 through a questionnaire, and subjected to statistical analysis. Performance of clinical exams and satisfaction with health services was greater among seniors living in the general community; however, physical therapy treatment was more common among those living in the facility. The use of medical and dental services showed a statistically significant difference. The seniors in both groups need oral health monitoring and those living in the facility also require coverage by the Family Health Strategy. The presence of professionals with the right profile to adequately serve residents and the network of available services are determining factors for the success of this new housing policy.