Resíduos agrícolas e argila expandida no cultivo da orquídea Oncidium baueri Lindl.

For orchid cultivation in containers is essential to select the right substrate, since this will influence the quality of the final product, it serve as a support for the root system of the plants. This study aimed to evaluate different agricultural residues and expanded clay in Oncidium baueri Lindl. orchid cultivation. The plants were subjected to treatments: pinus husk + carbonized rice husk, pinus husk + coffee husk, pinus husk + fibered coconut, pecan nut husk, expanded clay, fibered coconut, coffee husk, carbonized rice husk, pinus husk. After eleven months of the experiment, the following variables were evaluated: plant height; largest pseudo-bulb diameter; number of buds; shoot fresh dry matter; the longest root length; number of roots; root fresh matter; root dry matter; and electric conductivity; pH and water retention capacity of the substrates. Except the expanded clay, the other substrates showed satisfactory results in one or more traits. Standing out among these substrates pinus husk + coffee husk and pine bark + fibered coconut, which favored the most vegetative and root characteristic of the orchid. The mixture of pinus husk + coffee husk and pinus husk + fibered coconut, provided the best results in vegetative and root growth of the orchid Oncidium baueri and the expanded clay did not show favorable results in the cultivation of this species.

Relações de interferência entre plantas daninhas e a cultura do grão-de-bico

The grains of chickpea consumed in Brazil are almost entirely imported. Considering that chickpeas presents conditions to be cultivated in some regions of Brazil, this study aimed to study interference of six weed plants (Amaranthus viridis, Bidens pilosa, Raphanus raphanistrum, Cyperus rotundus, Digitaria nuda and Eleusine indica) on the vegetative development of chickpeas. Thus, we evaluated the shoot length, number of leaves, leaf area, chlorophyll content and dry weight of leaves, stem and root of chickpeas. We observed a significant interference on the chickpeas'development in coexistence with weeds. Among the weeds, D. nuda, E. indica and A. viridis were the most aggressive, highlighting the need for early control of weeds when in cultivation of chickpeas in areas with a history of high density of these weeds. The leaf area of chickpeas was the most affected trait by the coexistence with weeds, affecting the development of the crop.

Orgilinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) en cultivo de café de Cravinhos, SP, Brasil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Formas orgânicas e inorgânicas de fósforo no solo em função de plantas de cobertura e de adubação nitrogenada

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estimativas de custo de produção e rentabilidade de plantas medicinais: carqueja cultivada em Cajuru, Estado de São Paulo

O objetivo deste trabalho foi calcular o custo de produção de carqueja cultivada no município de Cajuru (SP) e analisar seus indicadores de rentabilidade. O cultivo de quatro anos compreendeu no primeiro ano a fase de implantação e produção inicial (duas colheitas) e os três anos subsequentes somente produção (três colheitas/ano). Os custos mensurados foram o Custo Operacional Efetivo (COE) e Custo Operacional Total (COT), nos quais se constatou que o gasto com insumos foi o principal fator. Já os indicadores de rentabilidade analisados foram: receita bruta, lucro operacional, margem bruta, lucratividade e ponto de nivelamento. Verificou-se a existência de lucro operacional positivo ao longo do período. O presente estudo demonstrou a rentabilidade do cultivo de carqueja. Sugere-se a ampliação deste tipo de estudo para outras espécies medicinais para melhor compreensão deste importante tipo de cadeia produtiva.

Interferência das plantas daninhas na produtividade e na qualidade tecnológica da cana-de-açúcar no manejo cana-crua e queimada

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Formas de N-orgânico em latossolo em função de nitrogênio e de plantas de cobertura em pré-safra do milho

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Sobrevivência de Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris no solo, no filoplano e na rizosfera de plantas daninhas

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA

Ação de fungicidas no desenvolvimento de plantas de tomate, em condições de ambiente protegido

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

Processo de produção de composto orgânico derivado de resíduos industriais com aplicação no cultivo de alface

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Comparação do custo de produção do crambe (Cambe abyssinica Hochst) com outras culturas oleaginosas em sistema de plantio direto

Biodiesel is a reality in Brazil, due to the National Program of Biodiesel Production and Use (PNPB), which became mandatory in 2008 in adding 2% biodiesel in all diesel sold in a blend known as B2. The agribusiness sector responded to the federal program, facing many difficulties in biodiesel production, which highlights the supply of raw material. Problems related to biodiesel production were mainly the shortage of vegetable oil, because of demand from domestic and foreign markets, and rising prices of raw materials available for production, making this biofuel production economically feasible, even in Brazil, where agricultural production costs are among the most competitive in the world. The crambe is a specie that has aroused the interest of Brazilian producers due to oil content, hardiness, and mechanized cultivation, mainly for being a winter crop, it becomes one more option for farmers in this period. In addition, you can compose systems of crop rotation as well as being used as ground cover in winter. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential for productive and cost of production of crambe, conducted in no-tillage system, to compare these parameters with other oil crops such as sunflower, canola and soybean. The trial was conducted in the agricultural year 2008 at the Experimental Farm Lageado belonging to the Faculty of Agronomic Sciences - UNESP, located in Botucatu - SP. The estimated yield was 1.507,05 kg ha-1, resulting in a production of 561,94 liters of oil per hectare. The cost of installation and conduct of crambe per hectare was R$ 875,87, resulting in a cost of R$ 1,56 per liter of oil, the lowest cost among the oilseed crops analyzed.

Desempenho operacional de semeadora e produtividade do milho em plantio direto e cultivo mínimo

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Vibração de plantas de pimenta Malagueta para produção de frutos e sementes em ambiente protegido

This study aimed to verify the effect of vibration of plants in the production of fruits and seeds and in the physiological quality of the seeds of the “Malagueta” pepper in a protected cultivated area with open and closed sides. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of the School of Agronomic Sciences of Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCA/UNESP), located in the city of São Manuel (SP). Two treatments were carried out, which consisted of plants that did and did not undergo vibration. Plants were vibrated manually by swinging the wire attached to the supporting bamboo for about 5 seconds, twice a day for 11 weeks. The design was a randomized block with six repetitions. The same experiment was conducted in two protected environments, with and without anti-aphids screens on the sides, cultivated in the same season. For the comparison of environments, a combined analysis was performed considering each environment as a separate experiment. The characteristics evaluated were: weight and number of fruits per plant; weight, diameter and length of fruit; weight and amount of seeds per fruit; and plant height. For the analysis of seed quality, the characteristics evaluated were: germination percentage; first count of germination; dry matter of seedlings; seedling emergence in substrate; and seedling emergence speed index. Regardless of the environment, vibration affects the physiological quality of seeds. The presence of pollinator insects benefited the production and quality of “Malagueta” pepper seeds and increases the fruit weight.

Eficiência da calda bordaleza e sulfocálcica em diferentes concentrações e idade de planta no controle de doenças foliares de maracujá-doce em cultivo orgânico

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Produção de silagem de planta inteira e grãos úmidos ou secos de milho em consórcio com gramínea e/ou leguminosa forrageira e cultivo do feijão de inverno em sucessão

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)