Documentación geométrica del patrimonio: propuesta conceptual y metodológica

Tesis Doctoral desarrollada en el programa de Doctorado "Diseño e Ingeniería del Producto y de Procesos Industriales" del Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica de la Universidad de La Rioja.-- Fecha de lectura: septiembre de 2007.-- 322 pp.

Lengua y derecho a la educación en la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco : reflexiones jurídicas sobre el tránsito hacia un nuevo modelo

The article analyzes the legal regime of Euskara in the education system of the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country (capv). In the capv, the legislation recognizes the right to choose the language of study during the educational cycle. The students are separated into different classrooms based on their language preference. This system of separation (of language models) has made it possible to make great strides, although its implementation also suggests aspects which, from the perspective of a pluralistic Basque society on its way towards greater social, political and language integration, call for further reflection The general model for language planning in the capv was fashioned in the eighties as a model characterized by the guarantee of spaces of language freedom, and the educational system was charged with making the learning of the region’s autochthonous language more widespread. At this point, we already have a fair degree of evidence on which to base an analysis of the system of language models and we are in a position to conclude that perhaps the educational system was given too heavy a burden. Official studies on language performance of Basque schoolchildren show (in a way that is now fully verified) that not all the students who finish their mandatory period of schooling achieve the level of knowledge of Euskara required by the regulations. When faced with this reality, it becomes necessary for us to articulate some alternative to the current configuration of the system of language models, one that will make it possible in the future to have a Basque society that is linguistically more integrated, thereby avoiding having the knowledge or lack of knowledge of one of the official languages become a language barrier between two communities. Many sides have urged a reconsideration of the system of language models. The Basque Parliament itself has requested the Department of Education to design a new system. This article analyzes the legal foundations on which the current system is built and explores the potential avenues for legal cooperation that would make it possible to move towards a new system aimed at guaranteeing higher rates of bilingualism. The system would be sufficiently flexible so as to be able to respond to and accommodate the different sociolinguistic realities of the region.

La fiscalidad de las cooperativas. Un modelo que fortalece los fondos propios

[ES] Las cooperativas son un modelo de empresa que tiene unas características particulares, entre las que destacan la distribución y el ejercicio del poder, la manera particular de distribución de resultados, la existencia de unos fondos obligatorios, la autoregulación del régimen de trabajo, el procedimiento de atribución de fondos económicos en el momento de la baja de un socio, y la participación de los asalariados en los resultados económicos positivos.

La internacionalización de la empresa y la empresa multinacional: una revisión conceptual contemporánea

[ES] El creciente fenómeno de la globalización está generando un nuevo y más complejo entorno económico y empresarial. Es éste, por tanto, un fenómeno absolutamente influyente en la gestión de las empresas, que no sólo ha introducido nuevas variables de gestión, sino que está impulsando la necesidad de regenerar algunos términos y conceptos, que parecían estar suficientemente consolidados en la ciencia de la economía de la empresa y que, sin embargo, actualmente no siempre resuelven la delimitación conceptual que parecen requerir algunos elementos constituyentes de la compleja gestión de las empresas internacionales. Desde esta perspectiva, definiremos sendos conceptos actualizados de internacionalización de empresa y de empresa multinacional a partir de sus respectivas evoluciones. Ambos son fenómenos complejos y, en ocasiones, ambiguos con un alto grado de heterogeneidad que dificulta su definición. Para resolver dicho problema, propondremos, adicionalmente, una nueva terminología para enumerar la variedad de implantaciones o filiales exteriores existentes.

Categorized bibliography for a conceptual model of salt marsh management on Merritt Island, Florida

Enclosed is a bibliography of 556 published articles, technical reports, theses, dissertations, and books that form the basis for a conceptual model of salt marsh management on Merritt Island, Florida (Section 1). A copy of each item is available on file at the Florida Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Gainesville. Some relevant proprietary items and unpublished drafts have not been included pending permission of the authors. We will continue to add pertinent references to our bibliography and files. Currently, some topics are represented by very few items. As our synthesis develops, we will be able to indicate a subset of papers most pertinent to an understanding of the ecology and management of Merritt Island salt marshes. (98 page document)

Conceptual model of salt marsh management on Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, Florida: final report

Diking and holding water on salt marshes ("impounding" the marsh) is a management technique used on Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge (MINWR) and elsewhere in the Southeast to: a) prevent the reproduction of saltmarsh mosquitos, and b) attract wintertering waterfowl and other marsh, shore, and wading birds. Because of concern that diking and holding water may interfere with the production of estuarine fish and shellfish, impoundment managers are being asked to consider altering management protocol to reduce or eliminate any such negative influence. How to change protocol and preserve effective mosquito control and wildlife management is a decision of great complexity because: a) the relationships between estuarine organisms and the fringing salt marshes at the land-water interface are complex, and b) impounded marshes are currently good habitat for a variety of species of fish and wildlife. Most data collection by scientists and managers in the area has not been focused on this particular problem. Furthermore, collection of needed data may not be possible before changes in protocol are demanded. Therefore, the purpose of this document is two-fold: 1) to suggest management alternatives, given existing information, and 2) to help identify research needs that have a high probability of leading to improved simultaneous management of mosquitos, waterfowl, other wildlife, freshwater fish, and estuarine fish and shellfish on the marshland of the Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge. (92 page document)

Las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación en la gestión de tesorería: modelo explicativo

[ES] En el presente trabajo se analiza el uso de las TIC (Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación) en las responsabilidades de la gestión de la tesorería, tomando como referencia para su estudio las empresas de la CAPV (Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco). Los resultados indican que las TIC más utilizadas por las empresas en operaciones financieras son el software financiero, Internet y la banca electrónica. Además, estos resultados han permitido desarrollar un modelo explicativo del uso de las TIC en las principales funciones del tesorero, como son la gestión de cobros y pagos, gestión de la liquidez, previsiones de tesorería a corto plazo, gestión de saldos bancarios en fecha valor, negociación con entidades financieras, gestión de la financiación del déficit de tesorería, gestión de la colocación de puntas de tesorería y gestión de riesgos de tipo de interés y tipo de cambio.

Workshop on Conceptual/Theoretical Studies and Model Development including the MODEL Task Team Report; BASS Team Report; REX Task Team Reports

A workshop was convened by the MODEL Task Team and held June 23-28, 1996, in Nemuro, Japan, to develop the modeling requirements of the PICES Climate Change and Carrying Capacity (CCCC) Program. It was attended by over 40 scientists from all member nations of PICES. The principal objectives of the workshop were to • review the roles and limitations of modeling for the CCCC program; • propose the level of modeling required; and • provide a plan for how to promote these modeling activities. Secondary activities at the workshop included organisational meetings of the Regional comparisons (REX) and Basin-scale experiment (BASS) Task Teams, and a symposium by Japan-GLOBEC on “Development and application of new technologies for measurement and modeling in marine ecosystems.” This report serves as a record of the proceedings of this workshop. (PDF contains 89 pages)

Un modelo de programación por metas para la elaboración del contrato-programa de un hospital público

[ES] Proponemos un modelo de programación por metas para la estimación del plan de producción (case-mix) que debe reflejarse en el Contrato–Programa que suscriben anualmente los Hospitales Públicos y la Administración. Las variables de decisión son los volúmenes de actividad de cada servicio médico del hospital y los atributos son los indicadores básicos que se manejan al elaborar el Contrato-Programa: fi nanciación, número de altas, estancia media y peso de complejidad. Para resolver nuestro modelo empleamos la herramienta SOLVER de la hoja de cálculo EXCEL. La utilización de esta herramienta permite simular varios escenarios de una manera ágil, lo que es de gran ayuda para el estudio y discusión de las cantidades a contratar entre el Hospital y la Administración. El artículo finaliza con una breve presentación de los resultados obtenidos al aplicar nuestro modelo a un hospital de tamaño medio (118 camas) del Servicio Vasco de Salud.

Estudio de la relación entre el compromiso organizativo y la intención de abandonar la organización: Modelo de dos componentes de compromiso de continuidad

[ES] El objetivo de este artículo es presentar evidencias empíricas sobre dos cuestiones aún abiertas en la investigación sobre el compromiso organizativo: la existencia de varios tipos de compromiso de continuidad, y la existencia de relaciones no lineales entre el compromiso, ciertos comportamientos organizativos y algunos indicadores clásicos de éstos como la intención de abandonar la organización. Para ello, se ha llevado a cabo un estudio empírico en el que participaron 241 informantes, que permitió testear las hipótesis mediante el uso de regresión lineal jerárquica.

Contribution of Resource-Based View and Entrepreneurial Orientation on Small Firm Growth

[EN] This research provides a useful framework for identifying a small firms’ propensity to engage in entrepreneurial orientation. We examine the impact of the Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) as a main resource and capability on small firm’ growth. The growth seems to come out as an important demonstration of the entrepreneurial orientation of small firms (Davidsson, 1989; Green and Brown, 1997; Janney and Gregory, 2006). Thus, this research builds on prior conceptual research that suggests a positive integration between entrepreneurial orientation and resource-based view. In the first instance, the research will focus on reviewing literature in the emerging area of entrepreneurial orientation as it applies to growth oriented small firms and resource-based view of the firm. Secondly, an empirical study was developed based on a stratified sample of small firms of manufacturing industry. Data were submitted to a multivariate statistical analysis and a linear regression model was performed in order to predict the influence of the resources and capabilities on small firms’ growth. In this sense, we consider the construct growth as a dependent variable and the ones relates with resources and capabilities (entrepreneur resources, firm resources, networks and EO) as independent variables. The research results suggest a set of resources and capabilities that promote the growth of the small firms. Also, the EO seems to have a predictive value on growth. Explaining variables related with resources and capabilities and EO were identified as essential in growth oriented small firms. It was still possible to conclude that the entrepreneurial firms which grew seem to have resources and develop more capabilities and take advantage in the search for those competences. This attitude reflects on the EO of the firm. This study has important implication for both researchers and practitioners. It highlights the necessity of firms to develop superior EO of all their members and also to invest on better resources and consequently superior capabilities as a way of reaching higher levels of growth. While previous authors have attempted to analyse certain aspects of this process (linkage between entrepreneurial orientation and growth), this research developed a framework that combines these and others factors (resource-based view) pertinent to growth oriented small firms. The results support the necessity to identify explicative variables of multiple levels to explain the growth of small firms. The adoption of an entrepreneurial orientation as an indispensable variable to the growth oriented small firms seems pertinent.

Reforma política na Câmara dos Deputados : a rejeição política do modelo de lista fechada e financiamento público exclusivo

Discute o processo de reforma política no Brasil a partir do estudo de caso da não aprovação do projeto de lei de n. 1.210, de 2007, da Câmara dos Deputados. Por meio de process tracing, reconstruiu-se a tramitação da proposta, buscando razões para a sua rejeição política. Para tanto, o estudo parte de breve revisão da literatura acerca de reformas institucionais e de reforma política. Em seguida, tece considerações sobre a reforma política brasileira a partir da identificação das principais variáveis que interferiram na trajetória do PL 1.210/2007. Finalmente, discute-se a rejeição política, fenômeno de descarte de uma matéria por meio de mecanismos informais que passam ao largo das regras constitucionais e regimentais de rejeição e arquivamento das proposições, como conceito útil para a compreensão do processo legislativo.

El modelo de sexualidad de la sociedad cristiana medieval: norma y transgresión

[ES]En estas páginas se analiza el modelo de sexualidad conyugal establecido por la Iglesia medieval para poder responder a la pregunta de qué era lícito y qué no en las relaciones sexuales. Así, entre otras cuestiones, se pasa revista a las posturas, a los momentos, las frecuencias, etc. Igualmente se exponen diversas estrategias arbitradas por la sociedad medieval para vivir en pareja y disfrutar del sexo al margen del matrimonio canónico, como la barraganía,el amancebamiento o el estupro.

Regulamentação do lobby no Congresso brasileiro : o estudo comparado do modelo norte-americano

Trata de um estudo comparado a respeito da atividade de lobby nos Estados Unidos e no Brasil, buscando traçar o caminho da regulamentação da atividade nos dois países e ressaltando as peculiaridades do sistema político de cada um deles. O trabalho conclui que a regulamentação da atividade de lobby é importante nos dois países. Embora Brasil e EUA apresentem diferenças consideráveis com relação ao sistema político, a legislação norte-americana pode servir de inspiração para o caso brasileiro, contribuindo para fortalecer as instituições democráticas e combater as práticas corruptas.