Transpar��ncia e participa����o social da gest��o p��blica: an��lise cr��tica das propostas apresentadas na 1 Confer��ncia Nacional sobre Transpar��ncia P��blica.

Este estudo visa a contribuir para a reflex��o sobre transpar��ncia e participa����o social da gest��o p��blica brasileira, realizando uma an��lise cr��tica sobre as propostas elaboradas pelos participantes da 1 Confer��ncia Nacional sobre Transpar��ncia e Controle Social no seu eixo 1. Por meio da an��lise, buscou-se identificar se as propostas elaboradas pela sociedade durante a 1 Consocial contribu��ram para o exerc��cio do controle social com base na transpar��ncia e no acesso a informa����o. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa explorat��ria e a pesquisa participante. O pesquisador fez parte como membro integrante do grupo analisado, utilizando a participa����o em confer��ncias nos f��runs de discuss��o para a formula����o de propostas. A participa����o se deu na etapa municipal - nos munic��pios de Maca�� e Rio de Janeiro -, na confer��ncia regional Niter��i-Mangaratiba; na estadual do Rio de Janeiro, na confer��ncia livre do CRC RJ e na confer��ncia virtual, com a descri����o das etapas preparat��rias. Por meio da an��lise das propostas priorizadas na ��ltima etapa da 1 Consocial, observou-se a necessidade de uma maior divulga����o das informa����es referente �� administra����o p��blica, �� exterioriza����o das compet��ncias dos instrumentos de participa����o social e �� capacita����o do cidad��o para o exerc��cio da participa����o social. Algumas falhas foram detectadas na formula����o das propostas, como o desconhecimento dos participantes a respeito das leis existentes sobre transpar��ncia e das atribui����es das ferramentas de participa����o social. Constatou-se a necessidade de capacitar o cidad��o para esse tipo de confer��ncia, realizando semin��rios, reuni��es, palestras explicativas e eventos culturais sobre o tema Transpar��ncia e Controle Social. Outro ponto a ser trabalhado para alcan��ar uma participa����o maior da sociedade nas quest��es governamentais consiste no ensino das crian��as e jovens sobre a import��ncia de se exigir transpar��ncia dos dados p��blicos e a busca por espa��o nos instrumentos de participa����o. A Lei da transpar��ncia atender�� seus objetivos, na medida em que o cidad��o tiver a consci��ncia do seu papel primordial na busca e no acompanhamento da informa����o.

Txina da. Exposición colectiva

[ES]La revoluci��n econ��mica y social que supone el mundo globalizado tiene tambi��n una dimensi��n cultural. Y en el espacio de eso que se est�� denominando ���pa��ses emergentes��� la cultura representa un hervidero de ideas, experiencias y propuestas est��ticas. Hoy no es posible ignorar, dentro del panorama art��stico, lo que ocurre en esos pa��ses. Se trata, muy al contrario, de un foco de inter��s que conviene atender, y donde nuestros artistas pueden encontrar un nuevo territorio, f��sico y mental, para desarrollar su particular investigaci��n est��tica. La presente exposición es una buena muestra del impacto que ha supuesto este proyecto. Y es tambi��n, al mismo tiempo, una oportunidad para que nosotros y nosotras podamos disfrutar de las propuestas creativas alumbradas en las cuatro ediciones del programa.

Avalia����o regional da contamina����o por hidrocarbonetos polic��clicos arom��ticos (HPAs) na regi��o costeira do sudeste do Brasil usando mexilh��es (Perna perna Linneaus 1758) como biomonitores

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a presen��a e a distribui����o de hidrocarbonetos polic��clicos arom��ticos (HPAs) em mexilh��es coletados em 23 esta����es, divididas em tr��s regi��es: (i) cultivos localizados no Estado do Rio de Janeiro (7 esta����es) e em Ubatuba/SP (1 esta����o); (ii) ��reas costeiras no Estado do Rio de Janeiro (7 esta����es) e (iii) na Ba��a de Guanabara/RJ (8 esta����es). Os HPAs foram determinados em triplicata de cada esta����o, sendo cada r��plica formada por uma m��dia de 10 indiv��duos, atrav��s de cromatografia em fase gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas (GC/MS), totalizando 38 compostos entre parentais e alquilados. A concentra����o m��dia do total de HPAs nos cultivos, excluindo o cultivo de Momba��a (Ilha Grande), foi de 24,7 22,3 ng g-1, para as ��reas costeiras foi de 89,7 25,8 ng g-1 e para a Ba��a de Guanabara, 760,9 456,3 ng g-1. Esses resultados indicam que os cultivos (exceto Momba��a) e as ��reas costeiras selecionadas apresentam baixos n��veis de contamina����o. J�� na Ba��a de Guanabara, os resultados foram compar��veis a dados pret��ritos e confirmam o estado de degrada����o ambiental da ba��a. Na amostra coletada no cultivo de Momba��a, a alta concentra����o do total de HPAs (584 ng g-1) e a predomin��ncia de compostos alquilados sobre parentais sugerem contamina����o relativamente alta por hidrocarbonetos petrog��nicos. A an��lise de agrupamento, considerando o total de HPAs, confirmou a separa����o entre as tr��s ��reas coletadas, mas com algumas exce����es: (i) o cultivo de Momba��a assemelha-se ao grupo da Ba��a de Guanabara; (ii) a esta����o da Praia Vermelha, na sa��da da Ba��a de Guanabara, se assemelha com ��reas costeiras fora da ba��a; (iii) as esta����es Ilha Redonda, Ilha Comprida e Pontal, distantes mais de 5 km da costa, se agruparam com os cultivos. Somente nas amostras da Ba��a de Guanabara foi poss��vel avaliar a origem dos HPAs atrav��s da an��lise de componentes principais (PCA). A maioria das amostras da ba��a apresenta contamina����o por fontes mistas de hidrocarbonetos, e apenas na praia Vermelha o aporte pirol��tico �� mais significativo. Por fim, ressalta-se que os n��veis de HPAs nos mexilh��es das tr��s ��reas ficaram abaixo de valores de refer��ncia exigidos internacionalmente para o consumo humano. No entanto, �� necess��rio uma an��lise de risco espec��fica para melhor compreender a qualidade do mexilh��o para consumo humano, particularmente os da Ba��a de Guanabara.

Landscape Genetics for the Empirical Assessment of Resistance Surfaces: The European Pine Marten (Martes martes) as a Target-Species of a Regional Ecological Network

Coherent ecological networks (EN) composed of core areas linked by ecological corridors are being developed worldwide with the goal of promoting landscape connectivity and biodiversity conservation. However, empirical assessment of the performance of EN designs is critical to evaluate the utility of these networks to mitigate effects of habitat loss and fragmentation. Landscape genetics provides a particularly valuable framework to address the question of functional connectivity by providing a direct means to investigate the effects of landscape structure on gene flow. The goals of this study are (1) to evaluate the landscape features that drive gene flow of an EN target species (European pine marten), and (2) evaluate the optimality of a regional EN design in providing connectivity for this species within the Basque Country (North Spain). Using partial Mantel tests in a reciprocal causal modeling framework we competed 59 alternative models, including isolation by distance and the regional EN. Our analysis indicated that the regional EN was among the most supported resistance models for the pine marten, but was not the best supported model. Gene flow of pine marten in northern Spain is facilitated by natural vegetation, and is resisted by anthropogenic landcover types and roads. Our results suggest that the regional EN design being implemented in the Basque Country will effectively facilitate gene flow of forest dwelling species at regional scale.

Regional and seasonal patterns of epipelagic fish assemblages from the central California Current

The coastal Pacific Ocean off northern and central California encompasses the strongest seasonal upwelling zone in the California Current ecosystem. Headlands and bays here generate complex circulation features and confer unusual oceanographic complexity. We sampled the coastal epipelagic fish community of this region with a surface trawl in the summer and fall of 2000���05 to assess patterns of spatial and temporal community structure. Fifty-three species of fish were captured in 218 hauls at 34 fixed stations, with clupeiform species dominating. To examine spatial patterns, samples were grouped by location relative to a prominent headland at Point Reyes and the resulting two regions, north coast and Gulf of the Farallones, were plotted by using nonmetric multidimensional scaling. Seasonal and interannual patterns were also examined, and representative species were identified for each distinct community. Seven oceanographic variables measured concurrently with trawling were plotted by principal components analysis and tested for correlation with biotic patterns. We found significant differences in community structure by region, year, and season, but no interaction among main effects. Significant differences in oceanographic conditions mirrored the biotic patterns, and a match between biotic and hydrographic structure was detected. Dissimilarity between assemblages was mostly the result of differences in abundance and frequency of occurrence of about twelve common species. Community patterns were best described by a subset of hydrographic variables, including water depth, distance from shore, and any one of several correlated variables associated with upwelling intensity. Rather than discrete communities with clear borders and distinct member species, we found gradients in community structure and identified stations with similar fish communities by region and by proximity to features such as the San Francisco Bay.

Regional variation in the annual feeding cycle of juvenile walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) in the western Gulf of Alaska

Juvenile fish in temperate coastal oceans exhibit an annual cycle of feeding, and within this cycle, poor wintertime feeding can reduce body growth, condition, and perhaps survival, especially in food-poor areas. We examined the stomach contents of juvenile walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) to explain previously observed seasonal and regional variation in juvenile body condition. Juvenile walleye pollock (1732 fish, 37���250 mm standard length) of the 2000 year class were collected from three regions in the Gulf of Alaska (Kodiak, Semidi, and Shumagin) representing an area of the continental shelf of ca. 100,000 km2 during four seasons (August 2000 to September 2001). Mean stomach content weight (SCW, 0.72% somatic body weight) decreased with fish body length except from winter to summer 2001. Euphausiids composed 61% of SCW and were the main determinant of seasonal change in the diets of fish in the Kodiak and Semidi regions. Before and during winter, SCW and the euphausiid dietary component were highest in the Kodiak region. Bioenergetics modeling indicated a relatively high growth rate for Kodiak juveniles during winter (0.33 mm standard length/d). After winter, Shumagin juveniles had relatively high SCW and, unlike the Kodiak and Semidi juveniles, exhibited no reduction in the euphausiid dietary component. These patterns explain previous seasonal and regional differences in body condition. We hypothesize that high-quality feeding locations (and perhaps nursery areas) shift seasonally in response to the availability of euphausiid

Nem pr��mio, nem castigo! A escola moderna como a����o revolucion��ria dos sindicatos oper��rios durante a Primeira Rep��blica (S��o Paulo, 1909-1919)

A Escola Moderna n.1 (S��o Paulo), sob a dire����o do professor libert��rio Jo��o Penteado, ofereceu uma alternativa de forma����o para os filhos da classe trabalhadora, inspirando-se na Pedagogia Libert��ria que, desde os primeiros debates da Internacional dos Trabalhadores at�� as experi��ncias educacionais de Paul Robin, inseriu a luta de classes no espa��o da escola. Assim, promoveu a interface entre educa����o e revolu����o social com base nos conceitos de Demopedia e Instru����o Integral, desenvolvidos respectivamente por Pierre-Joseph Proudhon e Mikhail Bakunin. O presente estudo pretende desvelar como o espa��o da Escola Moderna se converteu em a����o revolucion��ria dos sindicatos oper��rios, colaborando para os objetivos dos anarquistas que elegeram o sindicalismo revolucion��rio como a t��tica mais adequada para o estabelecimento da sociedade livre com a qual sonharam. Deste modo, entre os anos de 1912 a 1919, quando foi sumariamente fechada pelo Departamento de Instru����o P��blica do Estado, a Escola Moderna promoveu a a����o direta e o mutualismo entre seus estudantes, tanto para que contribu��ssem com o futuro da classe trabalhadora, de acordo com suas necessidades e conforme suas condi����es, como tamb��m para que os organismos de classe ultrapassassem as lutas mais imediatas.

Regional Fisheries Advisory Committee 29th April, 1974

This is the first report from the Regional Fisheries Advisory Committee meeting, which was held on the 29th April, 1974. The report looks at sections on estimates for the anticipated income and expenditure on fisheries for the current year, the structure of fisheries in the region, and a list of the fisheries in the ownership of the North West Water Authority. Also covered is information relating to fishery and sea fishery byelaws, license duties and a summary of the current activity and the future plans for the committee. The Fisheries Advisory Committee was part of the Regional Water Authorities, in this case the North West Water Authority. This preceded the Environment Agency which came into existence in 1996.

Regional Fisheries Advisory Committee 21st July, 1975

This is the report from the Regional Fisheries Advisory Committee meeting, which was held on the 21st July 1975. The report contains information on the appointment of the Regional Fisheries Advisory Committee (1975-1976), the appointment of the Local Fisheries Advisory Committee (1975-1976), and the land drainage representation on Local Fisheries Committees. Also included in the report is information on fishery byelaws, fishing at Jumble Reservoir and a progress report on a proposed Coarse Fish Unit and coarse fish stock pools. Licence duties, long term angling leases on Authority Waters and radio equipment for Bailiffting Staff are also covered. The Fisheries Advisory Committee was part of the Regional Water Authorities, in this case the North West Water Authority. This preceded the Environment Agency which came into existence in 1996.

Regional Fisheries Advisory Committee 30th September, 1974

This is the report from the Regional Fisheries Advisory Committee meeting, which was held on the 30th September, 1974. The report covers the minutes from the previous meetings of the Local Fisheries Advisory Committees, the income from licence duties, and an interim report on the establishment of a coarse fish unit. Also included is the regional fish hatchery requirements and information on the ban of imports of wild freshwater fish due to fish disease. The Fisheries Advisory Committee was part of the Regional Water Authorities, in this case the North West Water Authority. This preceded the Environment Agency which came into existence in 1996.

Regional Fisheries Advisory Committee 3rd November 1975.

This is the report from the Regional Fisheries Advisory Committee meeting, which was held on the 3rd November 1975. The report contains information on the proceedings of the Local Fisheries Advisory Committee and recommendations for these committees, proposed Coarse Fish Unit, netting on the Solway Firth, fishing licence duties, fisheries improvement works on the River Leven and fishing at Jumbles Reservoir. The Fisheries Advisory Committee was part of the Regional Water Authorities, in this case the North West Water Authority. This preceded the Environment Agency which came into existence in 1996.

Regional Fisheries Advisory Committee 6th January, 1975

This is the report from the Regional Fisheries Advisory Committee meeting, which was held on the 6th January, 1975. The report covers the minutes from the previous meetings of the Local Fisheries Advisory Committees, information on the proceedings of the Fishery Licensing Sub-Committe and fisheries improvement work on the River Leven. Also included is information on the ban of imports of wild freshwater fish due to fish disease. The Fisheries Advisory Committee was part of the Regional Water Authorities, in this case the North West Water Authority. This preceded the Environment Agency which came into existence in 1996.

Regional Fisheries Advisory Committee 9th February, 1976.

This is the report from the Regional Fisheries Advisory Committee meeting, which was held on the 9th February 1976. The report contains information on the proceedings of the Local Fisheries Advisory Committee and recommendations for these committees and Worthington Coarse Fish Unit. It also covers fishing licence duties, fisheries improvement work on the River Leven, proposed new code of fisheries byelaws, the seminar on water conditions harmful to fish life and Heysham and Lancaster sewage disposal. The Fisheries Advisory Committee was part of the Regional Water Authorities, in this case the North West Water Authority. This preceded the Environment Agency which came into existence in 1996.

Regional Fisheries Advisory Committee 3rd May, 1976.

This is the report from the Regional Fisheries Advisory Committee meeting, which was held on the 3rd May 1976. The report contains information on the regional fisheries organization, the review of the Water Industry in England and Wales, fisheries improvement work on the River Leven, Mitton Hatchery, new code of fishery byelaws, proposed byelaws (Coniston) and temporary licences. The Fisheries Advisory Committee was part of the Regional Water Authorities, in this case the North West Water Authority. This preceded the Environment Agency which came into existence in 1996.

Regional Fisheries Advisory Committee 24th February, 1975

This is the report from the Regional Fisheries Advisory Committee meeting, which was held on the 24th February, 1975. The report covers the minutes from the previous meetings of the Local Fisheries Advisory Committees, Licence duties and regional fish hatchery requirements. Also included is the consolidation of the Salmon and Freshwater Fisheries Acts, fishery byelaws and a brief note on fisheries improvement work on the River Leven. The Fisheries Advisory Committee was part of the Regional Water Authorities, in this case the North West Water Authority. This preceded the Environment Agency which came into existence in 1996.