Bioatividade de cipó-prata (Trigonia nivea Cambess) sobre a excreção renal de água e eletrólitos e pressão arterial

Brazil is a country with the largest world´s vegetal genetic diversity and the Environmental Protection Area (APA) of the “Serra da Mantiqueira” is a very heterogeneous region, representing one of the richest sources of pharmacologically actives materials. The population uses medicinal plants and according to the OMS, 80% of the population uses them in primary treatment of several diseases. Nevertheless, the loss of traditional knowledge associated with medicinal plants is occurring quickly. The ethnopharmacological strategy uses traditional knowledge to the search for medicinal plants that can have bioactive substances against diseases that afflicting the population and thus protect traditional knowledge. The “cipó-prata” (Trigonia nívea Cambess.) is a native plant normally found in the “Bacia do Paraná” region and present in the flora in the neighborhood of “Marins”, Piquete-SP and usually, said for the treatment of renal and urinary diseases. So, the objective of this study was test if the “cipóprata” (Trigonia nívea Cambess.) has effects on the renal excretion of water and salt, in anesthetized Wister rats. The tests were made in males Wistar rats and randomly distributed into 4 experimental groups: Group I – aqueous control, Group II – treated with aqueous extract (EA) of “cipó-prata”, Group III – water control + “tween 80”, Group IV – treated with ethanol extract (EE) and “cipó-prata”. All groups were subjected to experimental protocol, composed of three periods: Balance (40 minutes), Basal (30 minutes) and Experimental (90 minutes), occurring the urine collection every 30 minutes, from the basal period and measuring blood pressure every 10 minutes. The aqueous extract (EA) of “cipó-prata” (Trigonia nívea Cambess.) presented diuretic effect of 173% (B-2,4±1,19 μL/min reaching 6,6±1,45 μL/min, in the period EX3) and ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Atividade antimicrobiana de plantas medicinais e aromáticas pertencentes à CPMA - Coleção de Plantas Medicinais e Aromáticas do CPQBA - UNICAMP

The increase of the antimicrobial resistance and its propagation around the world are the biggest threats to the public health care and to the treatment of diseases caused by microorganisms. Nowadays the antimicrobial resistance has increased abruptly. The essential oils are volatile and aromatic compounds derived from parts of plants as flowers, leafs, fruits, seeds, roots, sprouts, among others. The activity of extracts and essential oils of several plant species have been recognized and studied by empirical methods since a long time, but its antimicrobial activities were confirmed recently. Medicinal plants are used in folk medicine as medicines, antibiotic, analgesic, sedative and anti-inflammatory. The use of medicinal plants like source of medicines is an alternative of therapeutics for diseases treatment. In Brazil, studies with this goal are very important, once medicinal plants have been used as a choice of treatment and prevention of infections and diseases in health areas. Considering the fact that some products from medicinal plants have antimicrobial properties it is expected that using screening programs, new potential medicaments could be developed. Otherwise, scientific researches focused on determining therapeutic potential of plants are limited, there are lack of scientific studies which confirms the potential antibiotics properties of a large number of plants. The aim of the present study is determinate the antimicrobial activity of 10 medicinal species belonging to CPMA - Collection of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants from CPQBA/UNICAMP. The minimal inhibitory (MIC) and minimal bactericidal or fungicidal concentration (MBC) will be determined against the bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella choleraesuis, Staphylococcus aureus and the yeast Candida albicans. Furthermore, will be conducted chemical identification and fractionation of essential oils and extract with better activity

Avaliação dos efeitos do cogumelo do sol (Agaricus blazei) sobre o colesterol plasmático em coelhos com hipercolesterolemia induzida

Prophylactic or therapeutic treatments administered with medicinal plants and natural products are used in popular medicine of diverse people since prehistoric times to the present days. Species with medicinal properties are increasingly studied in an attempt to understand their possible effects on organisms and their functioning. This study aimed to analyze the effect of the mushroom Agaricus blazei (aqueous extract) in rabbits subjected to experimental hypercholesterolemia. The animals were divided into two groups (control and treated with the mushroom) whose experimental protocol was divided into three phases: Phase 1, the animals were fed a normal diet to evaluate the physiological level of cholesterol; phase 2, the animals were fed a supplemented diet to induce hypercholesterolemia and in phase 3, the animals of control group continued to take high-cholesterol diet and the animals of treated group high-cholesterol diet including treatment with the mushroom. Weekly, after fasting of 14 hours, blood samples were collected from the animals and its plasma was stored for later measurement of plasmatic cholesterol. In the first phase, the cholesterol level was, on average, 31,30  7,34 mgdL-1. In the second phase, there was a significant increase (p<0,05) in cholesterol level of both groups. During the last phase of the experiment, the mushrooms didn’t cause reduction in plasmatic cholesterol of treated rabbits, however, prevent disease progression, maintaining the cholesterol level established at the beginning of treatment, whereas, in the control group, total serum cholesterol increased significantly at this stage

Comparação do perfil de metabólitos secundários em diferentes órgãos de phyllanthus niruri l. (euphorbiaceae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Determinação do potencial antimicrobiano de extratos de folhas de Byrsonima Pachyphylla Griseb

O uso de plantas medicinais especialmente na América do Sul contribui significativamente para os cuidados básicos com a saúde. Para o tratamento de infecções comuns, muitas plantas são utilizadas no Brasil na forma de extrato bruto, infusões ou emplastros, sem nenhuma evidência científica de sua eficácia (PESSINI et al., 2003). AYRES et al. (2008) afirma que a busca de substâncias com atividades antimicrobianas tem direcionado a atenção sobre os produtos naturais e, entre estes, os derivados das plantas superiores têm, nos últimos anos, despertado a investigação para o potencial da flora brasileira. Byrsonima pachyphylla Griseb é uma árvore típica do cerrado. Na medicina popular, a casca é utilizada como antifebril, contra tosses e doenças pulmonares, os ramos com folhas são diuréticos e os frutos são laxantes brandos (SILVA JÚNIOR et al., 2005). Levantamento no NAPRALERT indicou que espécies deste gênero são comumente empregadas como antiasmáticas, contra a febre e infecção de pele (MENDES et al., 1999). Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar qual o melhor método de extração, sendo eles a maceração, a maceração dinâmica, a digestão e a digestão + maceração dinâmica, visando à obtenção de extratos brutos de folhas de Byrsonima pachyphylla Griseb., considerando sua atividade biológica frente a bactéria Gram-positiva: Staphylococcus aureus; as bactérias Gram-negativas: Escherichia coli e Pseudomonas aeruginosa, e a levedura Cândida albicans, testada pelo método de diluição seriada de extratos em microplacas; além de comparar perfis cromatográficos dos extratos obtidos em cromatografia de camada delgada (CCD), bem como pesquisar as principais classes de metabólitos secundários nos extratos. Os resultados obtidos na cromatografia em camada delgada e na triagem fitoquímica preliminar possibilitaram sugerir a presença de taninos, flavonoides, terpenos e saponinas na espécie ...

Horto de plantas medicinais e tóxicas “Prof.ª Dra. Célia Cebrian Araújo Reis”: centro de referência botânica para o ensino, a pesquisa e a extensão

O Horto de Plantas Medicinais e Tóxicas “Prof.ª Dra. Célia Cebrian Araújo Reis” fundado em 1989 no campus de Araraquara da UNESP é um Horto de Referência Botânica e uma coleção de plantas vivas de interesse farmacêutico, objeto deste estudo que objetivou em caracterizá-lo e divulgá-lo. Para isso foi realizado um resgate histórico por meio de pesquisas em documentos datados da época da fundação e realização de entrevistas com um dos docentes fundadores e com o funcionário da unidade; levantamento florístico com seleção de algumas espécies arbóreas para depósito em herbário e registro, assim como o desenvolvimento de um sistema heurístico de catalogação própria para dar entrada nas plantas que futuramente virão a ser registradas no horto, modelo de ficha monográfica botânica e exemplo de ficha devidamente preenchida; e a construção de página na internet vinculada ao site da FCFAr disponibilizada na Web apresentando parte do conteúdo desenvolvido neste trabalho, incluindo lista de plantas registradas para consulta.

Avaliação do potencial antioxidante, citotóxico e fotoprotetor de extratos de Hymenaea courbaril L. e Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne

Pós-graduação em Biociências - FCLAS

Schinus Terebinthifolius raddi: estudo farmacognóstico e investigação da atividade biológica de extratos e frações

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Study of the ventral prostate of Wistar rats treated with Heteropterys tomentosa (A. Juss.)

Heteropterys tomentosa is a Brazilian plant traditionally used as an aphrodisiac and stimulant. Previous studies suggested possible androgenic and antioxidant effects after long term administration of H. tomentosa infusion. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of this plant infusion on the rat ventral prostate: an androgen responsive organ. Wistar rats were treated, by gavage, with H. tomentosa roots infusion (treated group, n=6) or water (control group, n=6) for 56 days. Morphological, morphometrical and stereological analyses were employed to study the ventral prostate tissue, as well as androgen receptor and apoptotic cell staining. The ultrastructure of the prostatic epithelium was also analyzed. No alteration was observed in the stereological and morphometrical analyses. The pattern of androgen receptor expression and the apoptotic index were identical in the control and treated group. Ultrastructural analysis showed no alterations caused by H. tomentosa. These results suggested that treatment with H. tomentosa infusion, although considered a strong aphrodisiac, did not cause any major damage nor benefit to the prostate tissue.

Bidens pilosa L: efeitos protetores na inflamação intestinal

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Extrato hidroalcoólico de Punica granatum Linn. sobre Staphylococcus spp. isolado de leite bovino

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Casearia sylvestris Swartz Extract Release Using Natural Rubber Latex Biomembranes as Carrier

The Natural Rubber Latex (NRL) from Hevea brasiliensis has shown promise in biomedical applications due to its low cost, easy handling, mechanical properties and biocompatibility, being used for bone regeneration and wound healing due to its natural stimulus to angiogenesis. The aim of this work was to incorporate Casearia sylvestris Sw. extract in NRL biomembranes and study its release behavior. The complex membrane-extract has as object of study a new approach of using C. sylvestris extract in the treatment of wounds, for possessing antiseptic activity, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. The C. sylvestris species (Salicaceae), popularly known as "guaçatonga", presents great distribution and is used in folk medicine as antiulcer, wound healing, anti-snake venom, properties which have been proven and related to clerodane diterpenes (casearins A-X). The release rate of C. sylvestris compounds from extract-membrane complex was monitored and analyzed using the method of optical spectroscopy (UV-VIS). The release varied with temperature ranging from 14 to 33 days, releasing more than 90%, with an interesting and promising biomedical application, such as wound healing and burns.

Phytotherapy in the control of helminthiasis in production animals

Parasitic diseases constitute one of the main problems affecting livestock; however the use of chemical medicaments provides drug resistance residues in animal and environmental contamination. Changes in production concepts require that food must be produced in hygienic conditions, per healthy animals and that are not eliminating antibiotic residues, pesticides or other drugs. This scenario has favored organic production and the use of medicinal plants. For the control of endoparasites, several studies have published the benefits of Azadirachta indica A. Juss., Punica granatum Linn., Musa sp., Operculina hamiltonii G. DON., propolis, among others. However, despite the existence in- vitro studies that demonstrate the pharmacological properties of phytotherapics, there is still need for clinical trials to determine dosage and its effects in- vivo. Investigations of new bioactive natural substances can be of great value for the control of animal health and food safety, which is particularly important for organic production systems in which the use of chemical drugs is a limiting factor for certification.

Avaliação da mutagenicidade e da estrogenicidade dos extratos etanólicos padronizados, frações e substâncias isoladas de Arrabidaea brachypoda (DC.) Bureau

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Ação antimicrobiana de compostos majoritários presentes em óleos essenciais sobre bactérias causadoras de infecções hospitalares

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)