986 resultados para Università di Bologna.
Resumo:
Il sistema viabile rappresenta una parte fondamentale nella dinamica dei trasporti al servizio della mobilità di trasporti e merci. La mobilità, ha fatto registrare ritmi di crescita sostenuti nel corso degli anni. Le trasformazioni sociali, del mercato del lavoro, lo sviluppo produttivo e commerciale, la posizione baricentrica tra le province jonca salentina e brindisina fanno di Manduria, una realtà dove è necessario prestare attenzione al sistema dei trasporti. Tuttavia la rete statale di vecchio stampo che risulta utilizzata, soprattutto da quote di mobilità interprovinciale per questioni di economicità del percorso e dal momento che manca una rete viaria ordinaria funzionale e scorrevole che colleghi in modo capillare il territorio fanno si che la Strada Statale 7ter risulti congestionata in maniera diffusa. La Superstrada di nuova costruzione sarebbe potuta essere un importante arteria stradale allacciandosi alla SS Taranto Brindisi Lecce collegando il sud della provincia Jonica in modo capillare ai comuni della provincia Taranto e Lecce, la quale non è stata ultimata ed avrebbe rappresentato una valida alternativa alla statale esistenti. Oltre a favorire i collegamenti tra il territorio jonico, brindisino e quello salentino, tale intervento sarebbe stato necessario per ridurre la componente di traffico di attraversamento di una serie di centri urbani, tra cui il Comune di Manduria. In questa tesi, sulla base dei dati raccolti dall’ultimo censimento nell’ambito provinciale e del Comune di Manduria, verrà implementato il funzionamento del Piano del Traffico stradale del Comune di Manduria e verranno condotte delle simulazioni, con l’ausilio del software di pianificazione di sistemi di trasporto stradale Omnitrans, versione demo, scaricabile gratuitamente dal sito www.omnitrans-international.com. Si ricercheranno stime sul funzionamento della rete, valutando la congestione del traffico ed eventualmente in termini di aumento della sicurezza e riduzione dell’inquinamento atmosferico.
Resumo:
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are a large family of proteinases that remodel extracellular matrix (ECM) component. Recent data suggest a role for MMPs in a number of renal pathophysiologies, associated with an imbalance of ECM syntesis and degradation, which may result in an accumulation of ECM molecules and renal fibrosis. The aim of this study is to elucidate the role of pro and activated MMP-2 and 9 in urine and renal tissue of healty and nephropatic dogs. Renal tissue of 8 healty dogs and either renal tissue and urine of 9 nephropatic dogs was collected and analize using zimographic method, which is been validated in this study. Either MMPs zimographic bands were present in almost all samples. In particular, pro and activated MMP-9 zimographic bands were poorly represent in renal tissue of healty dogs, whereas were very represent in nephropatic dogs. Pro and activated MMP-2 was present in either tissue of healty and nephropatic dogs. In urine of nephropatic dogs, pro and activated MMP-9 was more evident than MMP-2, but there was not correlaction with renal tissue levels, therefore urine levels of MMPs have poorly usefulness in diagnostic pratice. The values of Pro and activated MMP-9 in nephropatic dogs were significantly higher compared with normal dogs (p < 0,05), whereas there was not statistically meaningful for Pro and activated MMP-2. In conclusion, in this study we have validated a zimographic method for renal tissue of dogs and we have illustrated the changes in nephropatic dogs, which may be useful for further study.
Resumo:
Citokines are proteins produced by several cell types and secreted in response to various stimuli. These molecules are able to modify the behaviour of other cells inducing activities like growth, differentiation and apoptosis. In the last years, veterinary scientists have investigated the role played by these factors; in fact, cytokines can act as intercellular communicative signals in immune response, cell damage repair and hematopoiesis. Up to date, various cytokines have been identified and in depth comprehension of their effects in physiology, pathology and therapy is an interesting field of research. This thesis aims to understand the role played by these mediators during natural or experimentally induced pathologies. In particular, it has been evaluated the genic and protein expressions of a large number of cytokines during several diseases and starting from different matrix. Considering the heterogeneity of materials used in experimentations, multiple methods and protocols of nucleic acids and proteins extractions have been standardized. Results on cytokines expression obtained from various in vitro and in vivo experimental studies have shown how important these mediators are in regulation and modulation of the host immune response also in veterinary medicine. In particular, the analysis of inflammatory and septic markers, like cytokines, has allowed a better understanding in the pathogenesis during horse Recurrent Airway Obstruction, foal sepsis, Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus infection and dog Parvovirus infection and the effects of these agents on the host immune system. As experimentations with mice have shown, some pathologies of the respiratory and nervous system can be reduced or even erased by blocking cytokines inflammatory production. The in vitro cytokines expression evaluation in cells which are in vivo involved in the response to exogenous (like pathogens) or endogenous (as it happens during autoimmune diseases) inflammatory stimuli could represent a model for studying citokines effects during the host immune response. This has been analyzed using lymphocytes cultured with several St. aureus strains isolated from bovine mastitic milk and different colostrum products. In the first experiment different cytokines were expressed depending on enterotoxins produced, justifying a different behaviour of the microrganism in the mammal gland. In the second one, bone marrow cells derived incubated with murine lymphocytes with colostrum products have shown various cluster of differentiation expression , different proliferation and a modified cytokines profile. A better understanding of cytokine expression mechanisms will increase the know-how on immune response activated by several pathogen agents. In particular, blocking the cytokine production, the inhibition or catalyzation of the receptor binding mechanism and the modulation of signal transduction mechanism will represent a novel therapeutic strategy in veterinary medicine.
Resumo:
La presente tesi analizza il comportamento differito in una prova di flessione su quattro punti su una trave prefabbricata con getto di soletta integrativa in opera. Sono riportati i risultati della prova di carico e di rottura sulla trave. Le prove sono state eseguite presso il Laboratorio di Prove Strutture (DISTART) dell'Università di Bologna. La trave è composta di due tipi di calcestreuzzo, realizzati in tempi diversi e con proprietà meccaniche diverse. L'obiettivo della campagna sperimentale è studiare l'effetto delle fasi di costruzione sull'evoluzione delle tensioni e delle deformazioni nel tempo e sulla resistenza ultima della trave. Il comportamento sperimentale è stato confrontato con i risultati numerici ottenuti con un modello a fibre in grado di cogliere anche i fenomeni legati al creep.
Resumo:
Object of the search is the advertising phenomenon of the "product placement", with reference to that it has been investigated legality’s limits, as well as the relationship with the constitutionally protected liberty of expression. Particularly, it has been analyzed, in first place, the problem of the relationship between the freedom of expression and the liberty of economic initiative, with particular reference to the different circles of guardianship to these prepared: or, larger, the one provided for the first from the 21th article of Costitution, more circumscribed, instead, the one established in the 41th article of Costitution, with reference to the second. This analysis has been made with the purpose to investigate the coordination among such liberties in those forms of communications that, for the proper peculiarities that characterize them, can be qualified, according to the concrete circumstances in which they are spread, so much forms of liberty of expression, how much exercise of an activity of enterprise. Under this last profile, it has been taken attention on the advertising activity and, specially, on the non transparent publicities, or not immediately perceivable as such from their receivers, and, therefore, in contrast with the advertising trasparence’s principle: or, the so-called cases of hidden publicity, what the editorial publicity, both "in narrow sense" both "in general sense", as well as the phenomenon of the product placement (or positioning of product), by now diffused in the commercial routine. Therefore, it has been proceeded to a complete and exhaustive examination of innovations introduced by the recent legislative discipline in subject of “planned placement of marks and products” in the cinema works, appraising, in the specific one, the effects, juridical and no juridical, consequential from the introduction of a first form of regulation of the phenomenon of the product placement and, particularly, from the express provision about the legality of the use to such advertising, if it has realized according to specific requirements or condition. In relationship to such profile, it has been also investigate limits (sub kind of normative gaps) from which the recently introduced discipline in subject would seem characterized. Finally, a further circle of investigation has concerned the possible organization of the phenomenon under a negotiate aspect, as particular contract of advertising, in which the object consists in an promotional activity. Concerning this, the experience of foreign countries (above all the Anglo-Saxon one) has been very important, because of the absence, in our arrangement, of a general normative discipline about advertising contracts. Consequently, I’ve investigated principal characteristics of similar contracts, in first place the atypicalness, because of the lack, in Italy, of a legislative discipline of this contract. Such investigation has also been developed through a comparation between the positioning of product and the other advertising contracts, among which, particularly, the sponsorship, as well as the contracts for the advertising exploitation of the name and other people's image, and, specially, the contract of testimonial and the contract of endorsement.