Na 1 Nachlass Max Horkheimer, 805 - Verschiedene Essays, Manuskripte, Entwürfe und Notizen u.a. aus dem Umkreis / bzgl. "Dialektik der Aufklärung" (p. XI 6a - XI 16.1-17)

"Notes. Verschiedene Essays"; Diese Mappe enthielt ursprünglich Fassungen von Aphorismen aus dem Umkreis von "Dialektik der Aufklärung", die den entsprechenden Stücken zugeordnet wurden; außerdem:; 1. Auszüge aus Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan; englisch, Anfang und Schluss fehlen. Typoskript, 5 Blatt; 2. Das Allgemeine nicht tiefer als das Besondere [= "Klassifikation" in der 'Dialektik der Aufklärung']. Typoskript, 1 Blatt; 3. Müßiggang als Merkmal vorbürgerlichen und nachbürgerlichen Zeitalters [GS 12, S. 315]. Typoskript, 1 Blatt; Thesen über Antisemitismus; Zumindest teilweise Vorarbeiten zum Kapitel "Elemente des Antisemitismus" der 'Dialektik der Aufklärung', 1943:; 1. Teilstück aus Abschnitt IV der "Elemente". Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen und Manuskript, 4 Blatt; 2. Teilstück aus Abschnitt V der "Elemente". Typoskript, 2 Blatt; 3. Antisemitismus als rationalisierte Ideosynkrasie. Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 1 Blatt; 4. Mimikry und Selbsterhaltung, Teilstücke:; 4a) Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 1 Blatt; 4b) Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 2 Blatt; 4c) Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 1 Blatt; 5. Technokratie und Faschismus. Teilstück, Typoskript, 1 Blatt; 6. Antisemitismus als verschobener Haß gegen kapitalistische Ausbeutung; Protokoll einer Diskussion zwischen Max Horkheimer und Theodor W. Adorno. Typoskript, 2 Blatt; 7. Über antisemitische Ideosynkrasie; Protokoll einer Diskussion zwischen Max Horkheimer und Theodor W. Adorno zur "Dialektik der Aufklärung", 'Elemte des Antisemitismus', These 4. Fragment, Typoskript, 1 Blatt; 8. Über Mimesis; Protokoll einer Diskussion zwischen Max Horkheimer und Theodor W. Adorno [GS 12, S. 587 ff.]. Typoskript, 3 Blatt; 9. - 10. Über Probleme der Erkenntnis des Antisemitismus in der Tradition der Humanwissenschaften. Typoskript, englisch, mit eigenen Korrekturen, 2 Blatt; 11. Völkischer Antisemitismus; Korrekturblatt. Manuskript, 4 Blatt; 12. Eigene und handschriftliche Notizen, 22 Blatt; 13. Exzerpte aus Werken Friedrich Nietzsches. Typoskript, 3 Blatt; 14. Exzerpt aus Gregorovius: "Wanderjahre in Italien". Typoskript, 1 Blatt; 15. Adorno, Theodor W.: Über antisemitische Propaganda. Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 6 Blatt; 16. Adorno, Theodor W.: Eigene Notizen, 3 Blatt; 17. 1 Zeitungsausschnitt, 1 Blatt; Manuskripte und Entwürfe als Vorarbeiten oder aus dem Umkreis der "Dialektik der Aufklärung":; 1. Über das Verhältnis von Naturbeherrschung und gesellschaftlicher Herrschaft; [von Theodor W. Adorno ?]. Entwurf, Typoskript, 3 Blatt; 2. Theodor W. Adorno [?]: Über Mythologie und Aufklärung. Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 13 Blatt; 3. Über das Verhältnis von Ökonomie und Politik in Liberalismus und Spätkapitalismus [GS 12, S. 316 - 318]. Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 3 Blatt; 4. Über den Begriff des Geistes in der materialistischen Aufklärung: Element der Macht. Teilstück, Typoskript und Manuskript, 1 Blatt; 5. Eigene Notizen u.a. über: Verhältnis von Geist und Natur, Verhältnis der Freudschen Methode zum Positivismus; Entwurf des Romans über Neville Chamberlain; 1942:; 1. "Grober Umriß der Handlung". Typoskript, 12 Blatt; 2. Anfang des Romans [GS 12, S. 329 - 341]:; 2a) Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 3 Blatt und eigene Notiz, 1 Blatt; 2b) Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 2 Blatt; 2c) Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 1 Blatt; 3. Exzerpte aus Schriften über Chamberlain, gesammelt von Herbert Marcuse. Typoskript, 8 Blatt, mit einer eigenen Notiz von Friedrich Pollock für Max Horkheimer, 1 Blatt; 4. Abschriften aus Zeitungsartikeln über Chamberlain. Typoskript, 22 Blatt; 5. Bibliotheks-Leihscheine und Literaturangaben. Handschriftliche Notizen, 10 Blatt; Über Psychoanalyse; um 1942. Fragment, Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 4 Blatt; Über Rackets, ihre Bedeutung von der Antike bis zum Kapitalismus; Zu einer Theorie des Proletariats; 1942:; 1. Notizen zum Programm des Buches, 30.8.1942. 2 Blatt; 2. Exzerpte aus Schriften zur Geschichte der Rackets (von Theodor W. Adorno). Typroskript, 30 Blatt; "Betrachtungen zum Curfew" [GS 5, S. 351 - 353]; um 1942:; a) Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 3 Blatt; b) Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 3 Blatt; c) Teilstück, Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 2 Blatt; d) Teilstück, Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 2 Blatt; e) Typoskript-Manuskript, 2 Blatt; "Sociology of Art" [GS 5, S. 360 - 363], 1942/1943; veröffentlicht in "Encyclopedia of the Arts", New York, 1946:; a) Typoskript, 4 Blatt; b) Photokopie des Drucks, 2 Blatt; Adorno, Theodor W.: Über Paul Tillich, "Man and Society in Religious Socialism"; Entwurf eines Briefs, 16.2.1944. Typoskript mit handschriftlichen Korrekturen von Theodor W. Adorno. 26 Blatt; "The Crisis of the Family", aus Max Horkheimers "Autorität und Familie. Allgemeiner Teil" (Paris 1936) zusammengestellt und übersetzt von Norbert Guterman (S. 63-76 und 49 - 63), 1945 ? Typoskript, 29 Blatt; New Yorker Notizen [II], 1945:; 1. "Dialektik - Mittelwek"; "Notizen zur Dialektik" [GS 12, S. 297 - 302]. Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 8 Blatt; 2. "Ritterlichkeit" [GS 12, S. 225 - 227]. Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 4 Blatt; 3. "Soziologische Unterscheidungen" [GS 12, S. 302 - 303]. Typoskript, 2 Blatt; 4. "Vertragstheorie". a) Typoskript, 6 Blatt. b) Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 7 Blatt; 5. "Bürgerliche Welt" [GS 12, S. 227 - 232]. Typoskript, 8 Blatt; 6. "Enge des Herzens" [GS 12, S. 232 - 234]. Typoskript, 2 Blatt; 7. "Unabänderlichkeit?" [GS 12, S. 234 - 237]. Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 6 Blatt; 8. "Die Juden und der Eid" [GS 12, S. 303 - 305]:; 8a) Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 3 Blatt; 8b) Typoskript mit handschriftlichen Korrekturen, 3 Blatt; 8c) Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 2 Blatt; 9. "Das Rationale und das Irrationale" [GS 12, S. 306]. Typoskript, 1 Blatt; 10. "Zur Dialektik" - "Zur Architektur" - "Zum Commerce" - "Text zu einer Illustration aus 'La Femme 100 tetes'" [GS 12, S. 306 - 308]. Typoskript, 2 Blatt; 11. "On Vivisection" = Brief an Ned R. Healy, New York, 22.3.1945. Typoskript, 2 Blatt; 12. "Der 'Schrecken' in der französischen Revolution" [GS 12, S. 238 - 239]. Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 3 Blatt; 13. "Autorität und Vernunft" [GS 12, S. 239 - 243]:; 13a) Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 6 Blatt; 13b) Typoskript mit dem Titel "Faschismus und gesellschaftliche Ordnung", 6 Blatt; 13c) Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 7 Blatt; 14. "Zum Gottesbegriff":; 14a) Typoskript, 4 Blatt; 14b) Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 4 Blatt; 15. "Der Mensch verändert sich in der Geschichte" [GS 12, S. 244 - 246]:; 15a) Typoskript, 3 Blatt; 15b) Typoskript, 3 Blatt; 16. "Zur materialistischen Geschichtstheorie" [GS 12, S. 246 - 247]. Typoskript, 2 Blatt; 17. "Die schlechten Elemente des Liberalismus" [GS 12, S. 247 - 249]:; 17a) Typoskript, 3 Blatt; 17b) Typoskript mit eigenen Korrekturen, 3 Blatt;

Volcanic resurfacing and the early terrestrial crust: Zircon U-Pb and REE constraints from the Isua Greenstone Belt, southern West Greenland

The oldest known bona fide succession of elastic metasediments Occurs in the Isua Greenstone Belt. SW Greenland and consists of a variety of mica schists and rare metaconglomerates. The metasediments are in direct contact with a felsic metavolcanic lithology that has previously been dated to 3.71 Ga. Based on trace element geochemical data for 30 metasediments, we selected the six samples with highest Zr concentrations for zircon extraction. These samples all yielded very few or no zircon, Those extracted from mica schists yielded ion probe U/Pb ages between 3.70 and 3,71 Ga. One metaconglomerate sample yielded just a single zircon of 3.74 Ga age. The mica schist hosted zircons have U/Pb ages. Th/U ratios, REE patterns and Eu anomalies indistinguishable from zircon in the adjacent 3.71 Ga felsic metavolcanic unit. Trace element modelling requires the bulk of material in the metasediments to be derived from variably weathered mafic lithologies but some metasediments contain substantial contribution from more evolved source lithologies. The paucity of zircon in the mica schists is thus explained by incorporation of material from largely zircon-free volcanic lithologies. The absence of older zircon in the mica schists and the preponderance of mafic source material imply intense, mainly basaltic resurfacing of the early Earth. The implications of this process are discussed, Thermal considerations suggest that horizontal growth of Hadean crust by addition of mafic ultramafic lavas must have triggered self-reorganisation of the protocrust by remelting. Reworking oft Hadean crust may have been aided by burial of hydrated (weathered) metabasalt due to semi-continuous addition of new voluminous basalt Outpouring,;, This process Causes a bias towards eruption of Zr-saturated partial melts at the surface with O-isotope corn posit ion,, potentially different from the mantle. The oldest zircons hosted in sediments would have been buried to substantial depth or formed in plutons that crystallised at some depth from which it took hundreds of millions of years for them to be exhumed and incorporated into much younger sediments. (C) 2005 Elsevier B.V.All rights reserved.

Lithostratigraphy determined from downhole logs in the AND-2A borehole

During the 2007-2008 austral spring season, the ANDRILL (Antarctic Drilling project) Southern McMurdo Sound Project recovered an 1138-m-long core, representing the last 20 m.y. of glacial history. An extensive downhole logging program was successfully carried out. Due to drill hole conditions, logs were collected in several passes from the total depth at 1138.54 m below seafloor (mbsf) to 230 mbsf. After data correction, several statistical methods, such as factor analysis, cluster analysis, box-and-whisker diagrams, and cross-plots, were applied. The aim of these analyses was to use detailed interpretation of the downhole logs to obtain a description of the lithologies and their specific physical properties that is independent of the core descriptions. The sediments were grouped into the three main facies, diamictite, mudstone and/or siltstone, and sandstone, and the physical properties of each were determined. Notable findings include the high natural radioactivity values in sandstone and the high and low magnetic susceptibility values in mudstone and/or siltstone and in sandstone. A modified lithology cluster column was produced on the basis of the downhole logs and statistical analyses. It was possible to use the uranium content in the downhole logs to determine hiatuses and thus more accurately place the estimated hiatuses. Using analyses from current literature (geochemistry, clasts, and clay minerals) in combination with the downhole logs (cluster analysis), the depths 225 mbsf, 650 mbsf, 775 mbsf, and 900 mbsf were identified as boundaries of change in sediment composition, provenance, and/or environmental conditions. The main use of log interpretation is the exact definition of lithological boundaries and the modification of the paleoenvironmental interpretation.

Th-234 and Po-210 as POC flux proxies during the ARK-XXVII/3 expedition (August-October 2012)

The Arctic sea-ice extent reached a record minimum in September 2012. Sea-ice decline increases the absorption of solar energy in the Arctic Ocean, affecting primary production and the plankton community. How this will modulate the sinking of particulate organic carbon (POC) from the ocean surface remains a key question. We use the 234Th/238U and 210Po/210Pb radionuclide pairs to estimate the magnitude of the POC export fluxes in the upper ocean of the central Arctic in summer 2012, covering time scales from weeks to months. The 234Th/238U proxy reveals that POC fluxes at the base of the euphotic zone were very low (2 ± 2 mmol C/m**2/d) in late summer. Relationships obtained between the 234Th export fluxes and the phytoplankton community suggest that prasinophytes contributed significantly to the downward fluxes, likely via incorporation into sea-ice algal aggregates and zooplankton-derived material. The magnitude of the depletion of 210Po in the upper water column over the entire study area indicates that particle export fluxes were higher before July/August than later in the season. 210Po fluxes and 210Po-derived POC fluxes correlated positively with sea-ice concentration, showing that particle sinking was greater under heavy sea-ice conditions than under partially ice-covered regions. Although the POC fluxes were low, a large fraction of primary production (>30%) was exported at the base of the euphotic zone in most of the study area during summer 2012, indicating a high export efficiency of the biological pump in the central Arctic. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Which Th pathway is involved during late stage amoebic gill disease?

Peer reviewed

Which Th pathway is involved during late stage amoebic gill disease?

Peer reviewed

Which Th pathway is involved during late stage amoebic gill disease?

Peer reviewed

Composition of melt inclusions and age of zircons of plagiogneisses from the Kola Superdeep Borehole

A comprehensive study of melt inclusions and SHRIMP dating of zircons from trondhjemite gneisses of the sequence VIII from the Kola Superdeep Borehole has revealed presence of old primary magmatic crystals with age up to 2887+/-15 Ma. This is not consistent with the previous view, according to which the oldest zircons from the Archean Complex in SG-3 are products of granulite metamorphism. Primary magmatic zircons of early generation (from 2887 to 2842 Ma) formed in deep-seated magma chambers during partial crystallization of CO2-saturated trondhjemite estimates on duration of generation of tonalite-trondhjemite-granite melts through partial melting of mafic rocks.

Radionuclides in sediment cores from the higher latitudes

In this thesis it is shown that the cosmogenic radionuclide 10Be proved to be a sensitive stratigraphic tool for sediment cores from the Arctic Ocean with low or negligible content of biogenic carbonate, impeding a reliable 0180 stratigraphy. 10Be enables a stratigraphy of Arctic sediments comparable to the d18O stratigraphy Imbrie et al. [1984] in that high concentration of 10Be are related to interglacial stages in contrast to lower values during glacial periods. To use the °Be profile as dating tool it is necessary to investigate the sources and sinks as well as the pathways of this radiotracer. 10Be is produced in the upper atmosphere and transfered to the earth's surface by dry and wet deposition. Besides the atmospheric component there is an important input of 10Be with the rivers to the Arctic Ocean. I determined depositional 10Be fluxes in the shelf area of the Laptev Sea, which is characterized by a huge input of river water, the continental slope of the Laptev Sea, the central Arctic Ocean and the Norwegian- and Greenland Sea. The depositional 10Be fluxes of (20 ± 5) x 10**6 atoms/cm**2/a in the shelf area of the Laptev Sea are by two orders of magnitude higher than the recent atmospheric input (0.2 - 0.5) x 10**6 atoms/cm**2/a in Greenland. while the fluxes in the central Arctic Ocean are in the same range. Further I developed a model to reconstruct the pathways of radionuclides 230Th, 231Pa and 10Be in high northern latitudes. The modelling results were compared with the measured concentrations in the water column and the recent depositional fluxes. These results show that the recent pathways of these nuclides can be rebuild by this model. Thus we can apply this model to earlier oxygen isotope stages to find out which predominate conditions lead to the determined depositional fluxes.

The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation during the last glacial

We reconstruct the geometry and strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation during Heinrich Stadial 2 and three Greenland interstadials of the 20-50 ka period based on the comparison of new and published sedimentary 231Pa/230Th data with simulated sedimentary 231Pa/230Th. We show that the deep Atlantic circulation during these interstadials was very different from that of the Holocene. Northern-sourced waters likely circulated above 2500 m depth, with a flow rate lower than that of the present day North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW). Southern-sourced deep waters most probably flowed northwards below 4000 m depth into the North Atlantic basin, and then southwards as a return flow between 2500 and 4000 m depth. The flow rate of this southern-sourced deep water was likely larger than that of the modern Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW). Our results further show that during Heinrich Stadial 2, the deep Atlantic was probably directly affected by a southern-sourced water mass below 2500 m depth, while a slow southward flowing water mass originating from the North Atlantic likely influenced depths between 1500 and 2500 m down to the equator.

Tab. I: Alkenon analyses on sample material of cores Krummland KR-1 und Dagebüll DA-1

Geochemical studies of organic "biomarker" compounds were applied to Eemian sediments cored at Dagebuell (DA-1) on the west coast, and at Krummland (KR-1) in the east of the Baltic Zone of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. 10 samples from the early stage of the Eemian Transgression to the high Eem at Krummland, and 24 samples from the peak and late phases of the Eemian at Dagebuell provide new insights on the development of the Eemian Sea in the region. C37-C39-ethyl- and methyl-ketones in the Krummland sediments indicated unstable conditions at the onset of the marine trangression, and freshwater influence in keeping with their shallow nearshore environment. In the Dagebuell deposits, patterns typical of marine to brackish conditions were observed, comparable to those found today in the Skagerrak and Belt Sea areas. The sea-surface temperatures estimated from the alkenone unsaturation ratio UK37 at DA-1 corroborate the evidence from "standard" faunal and pollen assemblages, and lithological successions. Here, the temperature maximum attained in pollen assemblage zone PAZ Illc, indicates the early onset of very warm conditions, preceding the highest sea level of the penultimate interglacial by 8,000 years, based on previously published U/Th ages.

Table 1: U-Pb analyses of zircons and monazites of paragneisses which belong to the high grade metamorphic basement of Wilson Terrane

Samples of high grade metamorphic basement rocks of Wilson Terrane cropping out in the Deep Freeze Range and on Kay Island were collected during GANOVEX VI to study their isotopic evolution. The age and origin of granulite facies gneisses and of their migmatite host rocks are especially of interest for the interpretation of the geological and tectonic development of North Victoria Land. Another important research aspect is the influence of the polyphase metamorphic evolution on the isotopic systems of whole rocks and minerals like zircon, garnet, orthopyroxene, amphibole and feldspar.

Argon, uranium, thorium and lead composition and ages of ODP Leg 180 sites

During Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 180, 11 sites were drilled in the vicinity of the Moresby Seamount to study processes associated with the transition from continental rifting to seafloor spreading in the Woodlark Basin. This paper presents thermochronologic (40Ar/39Ar, 238U/206Pb, and fission track) results from igneous rocks recovered during ODP Leg 180 that help constrain the latest Cretaceous to present-day tectonic development of the Woodlark Basin. Igneous rocks recovered (primarily from Sites 1109, 1114, 1117, and 1118) consist of predominantly diabase and metadiabase, with minor basalt and gabbro. Zircon ion microprobe analyses gave a 238U/206Pb age of 66.4 ± 1.5 Ma, interpreted to date crystallization of the diabase. 40Ar/39Ar plagioclase apparent ages vary considerably according to the degree to which the diabase was altered subsequent to crystallization. The least altered sample (from Site 1109) yielded a plagioclase isochron age of 58.9 ± 5.8 Ma, interpreted to represent cooling following intrusion. The most altered sample (from Site 1117) yielded an isochron age of 31.0 ± 0.9 Ma, interpreted to represent a maximum age for the timing of subsequent hydrothermal alteration. The diabase has not been thermally affected by Miocene-Pliocene rift-related events, supporting our inference that these rocks have remained at shallow and cool levels in the crust (i.e., upper plate) since they were partially reset as a result of middle Oligocene hydrothermal alteration. These results suggest that crustal extension in the vicinity of the Moresby Seamount, immediately west of the active seafloor spreading tip, is being accommodated by normal faulting within latest Cretaceous to early Paleocene oceanic crust. Felsic clasts provide additional evidence for middle Miocene and Pliocene magmatic events in the region. Two rhyolitic clasts (from Sites 1110 and 1111) gave zircon 238U/206Pb ages of 15.7 ± 0.4 Ma and provide evidence for Miocene volcanism in the region. 40Ar/39Ar total fusion ages on single grains of K-feldspar from these clasts yielded younger apparent ages of 12.5 ± 0.2 and 14.4 ± 0.6 Ma due to variable sericitization of K-feldspar phenocrysts. 238U/206Pb zircon, 40Ar/39Ar K-feldspar and biotite total fusion, and apatite fission track analysis of a microgranite clast (from Site 1108) provide evidence for the existence of a rapidly cooled 3.0 to 1.8 Ma granitic protolith. The clast may have been transported longitudinally from the west (e.g., from the D'Entrecasteaux Islands). Alternatively, it may have been derived from a more proximal, but presently unknown, source in the vicinity of the Moresby Seamount.

Appendix A: LA-ICP-MS results (Laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer) from monazite Moacir standard

Three samples of garnet-kyanite paragneiss from the Variscan Ulten Zone (Northern Italy) were studied in detail for U-Th-Pb monazite dating. Monazite in these gneisses is abundant, shows highly variable grain size and occupies different textural positions: within the matrix, as inclusion in garnet and kyanite, within apatite aggregates. Monazite shows different deformation features as a function of the textural position: enclosed (shielded) monazite is generally more fractured than matrix (unshielded) monazite. The integration of textural information with deformation features and in situ U-Th-Pb analyses by LA-ICP-MS indicates that there is no direct correlation between textural site and monazite ages. Old ages of 351-343 Ma, determined on portions of large matrix (unshielded) monazite and on rare domains of monazite shielded by garnet, have been related to a prograde stage of the Variscan metamorphic evolution of the Ulten Zone. Ages of 330-326 Ma, which are related to the thermal peak, are recorded by small matrix monazite, external domains of large matrix monazite, and by (domains of) fractured monazite enclosed in garnet and kyanite. Large, old unshielded grains formed as blasts during the prograde metamorphic history and survived the peak metamorphism during which crystallisation/re-crystallisation partially occurred.