Ten Year Study on Water Flushing Times and Water Quality in Southern Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park, FL

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of wetland restoration on the water balance, flushing time, and water chemistry of southern Taylor Slough, a major water way in Everglades National Park. Water balance and flushing time equations were calculated on a monthly time step from 2001 – 2011. Water chemistry of major ions and nutrients were analyzed and correlated with water flushing times. Results showed that evapotranspiration followed by water volume had the greatest influence on flushing time. The flushing times varied between 3 and 78 days, with longer times observed between October and December, and the shorter times between March and May. Ion concentrations at the coastal areas decreased with increased flushing times. Increased surface water inflow that resulted from restoration projects and water management changes were productive in the rainy season and should result in increased flushing times and decreased ion concentrations in Taylor Slough.

Charles Taylor et la thèse des « langages plus subtils »

La thèse des « langages plus subtils » (subtler languages) constitue l’une des pièces maîtresses de la philosophie herméneutique de Charles Taylor. Elle nous situe à l’intersection de ce qu’il caractérise après Isaiah Berlin comme le tournant « expressiviste » du XVIIIe siècle (Herder, Hamann, Humboldt) ainsi que du tournant ontologique de l’herméneutique contemporaine (Heidegger, Gadamer, Ricoeur). Plus précisément, cette thèse permet d’expliquer pourquoi le tournant ontologique de l’herméneutique ne nous conduit pas au-delà de la tradition expressiviste, mais demeure un tournant au sein même de l’expressivisme. Notre objectif est de montrer, en ce sens, que la « subtilité » spécifique des langages philosophiques modernes devrait être comprise chez Taylor à partir de son interprétation originale de la sécularisation de l’occident chrétien.

Charles Taylor et la thèse des « langages plus subtils »

La thèse des « langages plus subtils » (subtler languages) constitue l’une des pièces maîtresses de la philosophie herméneutique de Charles Taylor. Elle nous situe à l’intersection de ce qu’il caractérise après Isaiah Berlin comme le tournant « expressiviste » du XVIIIe siècle (Herder, Hamann, Humboldt) ainsi que du tournant ontologique de l’herméneutique contemporaine (Heidegger, Gadamer, Ricoeur). Plus précisément, cette thèse permet d’expliquer pourquoi le tournant ontologique de l’herméneutique ne nous conduit pas au-delà de la tradition expressiviste, mais demeure un tournant au sein même de l’expressivisme. Notre objectif est de montrer, en ce sens, que la « subtilité » spécifique des langages philosophiques modernes devrait être comprise chez Taylor à partir de son interprétation originale de la sécularisation de l’occident chrétien.

Audit report on Taylor County, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2016

Audit report on Taylor County, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2016

Audit report on Taylor County, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2008

Audit report on Taylor County, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2008

Avaliação de métodos de estimação da variância em amostras complexas

A necessidade de conhecer uma população impulsiona um processo de recolha e análise de informação. Usualmente é muito difícil ou impossível estudar a totalidade da população, daí a importância do estudo com recurso a amostras. Conceber um estudo por amostragem é um processo complexo, desde antes da recolha dos dados até a fase de análise dos mesmos. Na maior parte dos estudos utilizam-se combinações de vários métodos probabilísticos de amostragem para seleção de uma amostra, que se pretende representativa da população, denominado delineamento de amostragem complexo. O conhecimento dos erros de amostragem é necessário à correta interpretação dos resultados de inquéritos e à avaliação dos seus planos de amostragem. Em amostras complexas, têm sido usadas aproximações ajustadas à natureza complexa do plano da amostra para a estimação da variância, sendo as mais utilizadas: o método de linearização Taylor e as técnicas de reamostragem e replicação. O principal objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o desempenho dos estimadores usuais da variância em amostras complexas. Inspirado num conjunto de dados reais foram geradas três populações com características distintas, das quais foram sorteadas amostras com diferentes delineamentos de amostragem, na expectativa de obter alguma indicação sobre em que situações se deve optar por cada um dos estimadores da variância. Com base nos resultados obtidos, podemos concluir que o desempenho dos estimadores da variância da média amostral de Taylor, Jacknife e Bootstrap varia com o tipo de delineamento e população. De um modo geral, o estimador de Bootstrap é o menos preciso e em delineamentos estratificados os estimadores de Taylor e Jackknife fornecem os mesmos resultados; Evaluation of variance estimation methods in complex samples ABSTRACT: The need to know a population drives a process of collecting and analyzing information. Usually is to hard or even impossible to study the whole population, hence the importance of sampling. Framing a study by sampling is a complex process, from before the data collection until the data analysis. Many studies have used combinations of various probabilistic sampling methods for selecting a representative sample of the population, calling it complex sampling design. Knowledge of sampling errors is essential for correct interpretation of the survey results and evaluation of the sampling plans. In complex samples to estimate the variance has been approaches adjusted to the complex nature of the sample plane. The most common are: the linearization method of Taylor and techniques of resampling and replication. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of usual estimators of the variance in complex samples. Inspired on real data we will generate three populations with distinct characteristics. From this populations will be drawn samples using different sampling designs. In the end we intend to get some lights about in which situations we should opt for each one of the variance estimators. Our results show that the performance of the variance estimators of sample mean Taylor, Jacknife and Bootstrap varies with the design and population. In general, the Bootstrap estimator is less precise and in stratified design Taylor and Jackknife estimators provide the same results.

Preclinical Target Validation Using Patient-derived Cells.

The Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC) and its clinical, industry and disease-foundation partners are launching open-source preclinical translational medicine studies.

Morphology and reproduction of Mesophyllum erubescens (Foslie) Me. Lemoine (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) from Southern Brazil

The genus Mesophyllum Me. Lemoine includes around 147 species, of which only three have been referred to the Brazilian coast. Mesophyllum erubescens was originally described from Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil (type locality). Here we present the first detailed description of M. erubescens based on Brazilian material. Samplings were made through scuba diving at the Biological Marine Reserve of Arvoredo Island, Santa Catarina. The relations of M. erubescens with other similar species, especially from the American Atlantic studied by W.R. Taylor are discussed.

An assessment of population structure in eight breeds of cattle using a whole genome SNP panel

Background: Analyses of population structure and breed diversity have provided insight into the origin and evolution of cattle. Previously, these studies have used a low density of microsatellite markers, however, with the large number of single nucleotide polymorphism markers that are now available, it is possible to perform genome wide population genetic analyses in cattle. In this study, we used a high-density panel of SNP markers to examine population structure and diversity among eight cattle breeds sampled from Bos indicus and Bos taurus. Results: Two thousand six hundred and forty one single nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNPs) spanning all of the bovine autosomal genome were genotyped in Angus, Brahman, Charolais, Dutch Black and White Dairy, Holstein, Japanese Black, Limousin and Nelore cattle. Population structure was examined using the linkage model in the program STRUCTURE and Fst estimates were used to construct a neighbor-joining tree to represent the phylogenetic relationship among these breeds. Conclusion: The whole-genome SNP panel identified several levels of population substructure in the set of examined cattle breeds. The greatest level of genetic differentiation was detected between the Bos taurus and Bos indicus breeds. When the Bos indicus breeds were excluded from the analysis, genetic differences among beef versus dairy and European versus Asian breeds were detected among the Bos taurus breeds. Exploration of the number of SNP loci required to differentiate between breeds showed that for 100 SNP loci, individuals could only be correctly clustered into breeds 50% of the time, thus a large number of SNP markers are required to replace the 30 microsatellite markers that are currently commonly used in genetic diversity studies.

First Report of the Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Rickettsia amblyommii and Rickettsia felis in Central America

During 2010, 15 adult ticks, identified as Amblyomma cajennense, were collected from horses in Cahuita and Turrialba districts, whereas 7 fleas, identified as Ctenocephalides felis, were collected from a dog in San Jose city, Costa Rica. In the laboratory, three A. cajennense specimens, two from Cahuita and one from Turrialba, were individually processed for rickettsial isolation in cell culture, as was a pool of seven fleas. Rickettsiae were successfully isolated and established in Vero cell culture from the three ticks and from a pool of seven fleas in C6/36 cell culture. The three tick isolates were genotypically identified as Rickettsia amblyommii, and the flea isolate was identified as Rickettsia felis through DNA sequencing of portions of the rickettsial genes gltA, ompA, and ompB of each isolate. In addition, other seven ticks were shown to contain rickettsial DNA. Polymerase chain reaction products of at least two of these ticks were sequenced and also showed to correspond to R. amblyommii. Overall, 66.7% (10/15) of the A. cajennense adult ticks were found to be infected with rickettsiae. This is the first report of a successful isolation in cell culture of R. amblyommii and R. felis from Central America.

Genome-wide SNP genotyping highlights the role of natural selection in Plasmodium falciparum population divergence

Background: The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum exhibits abundant genetic diversity, and this diversity is key to its success as a pathogen. Previous efforts to study genetic diversity in P. falciparum have begun to elucidate the demographic history of the species, as well as patterns of population structure and patterns of linkage disequilibrium within its genome. Such studies will be greatly enhanced by new genomic tools and recent large-scale efforts to map genomic variation. To that end, we have developed a high throughput single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping platform for P. falciparum. Results: Using an Affymetrix 3,000 SNP assay array, we found roughly half the assays (1,638) yielded high quality, 100% accurate genotyping calls for both major and minor SNP alleles. Genotype data from 76 global isolates confirm significant genetic differentiation among continental populations and varying levels of SNP diversity and linkage disequilibrium according to geographic location and local epidemiological factors. We further discovered that nonsynonymous and silent (synonymous or noncoding) SNPs differ with respect to within-population diversity, interpopulation differentiation, and the degree to which allele frequencies are correlated between populations. Conclusions: The distinct population profile of nonsynonymous variants indicates that natural selection has a significant influence on genomic diversity in P. falciparum, and that many of these changes may reflect functional variants deserving of follow-up study. Our analysis demonstrates the potential for new high-throughput genotyping technologies to enhance studies of population structure, natural selection, and ultimately enable genome-wide association studies in P. falciparum to find genes underlying key phenotypic traits.

Noise in resistively shunted Josephson junctions

We investigate the dynamics of a resistively shunted Josephson junction. We compute the Josephson frequency and the generalized impedances for a variety of the parameters, particularly with relevance to predicting the measurable effects of zero-temperature current noise in the resistor.

INFERENCE FOR EIGENVALUES AND EIGENVECTORS OF GAUSSIAN SYMMETRIC MATRICES

This article presents maximum likelihood estimators (MLEs) and log-likelihood ratio (LLR) tests for the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of Gaussian random symmetric matrices of arbitrary dimension, where the observations are independent repeated samples from one or two populations. These inference problems are relevant in the analysis of diffusion tensor imaging data and polarized cosmic background radiation data, where the observations are, respectively, 3 x 3 and 2 x 2 symmetric positive definite matrices. The parameter sets involved in the inference problems for eigenvalues and eigenvectors are subsets of Euclidean space that are either affine subspaces, embedded submanifolds that are invariant under orthogonal transformations or polyhedral convex cones. We show that for a class of sets that includes the ones considered in this paper, the MLEs of the mean parameter do not depend on the covariance parameters if and only if the covariance structure is orthogonally invariant. Closed-form expressions for the MLEs and the associated LLRs are derived for this covariance structure.

Shallow-water species of Beania Johnston, 1840 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata) from the tropical and subtropical Western Atlantic

This paper describes four new species of the bryozoan genus Beania from the Brazilian coast. Two of them have been previously recorded in the western Atlantic as Beania hirtissima (Heller, 1867) and Beania mirabilis Johnston, 1840, respectively; they are redescribed here as Beania americana n. sp. and Beania mirabilissima n. sp. Two reticulate species, Beania correiae n. sp. and Beania metrii n. sp., are newly described. Descriptions of four other species of Beania from the region are also included: Beania australis Busk, 1852, Beania cupulariensis Osburn, 1914, Beania klugei Cook, 1968 and Beania maxilladentata Ramalho, Muricy & Taylor, 2010.

BORON UPTAKE AND DISTRIBUTION IN FIELD GROWN CITRUS TREES

In low fertility tropical soils, boron (B) deficiency impairs fruit production. However, little information is available on the efficiency of nutrient application and use by trees. Therefore, this work verified the effects of soil and foliar applications of boron in a commercial citrus orchard. An experiment was conducted with fertigated 4-year-old `Valencia` sweet orange trees on `Swingle` citrumelo rootstock. Boron (isotopically-enriched 10B) was supplied to trees once or twice in the growing season, either dripped in the soil or sprayed on the leaves. Trees were sampled at different periods and separated into different parts for total B contents and 10B/11B isotope ratios analyses. Soil B applied via fertigation was more efficient than foliar application for the organs grown after the B fertilization. Recovery of labeled B by fruits was 21% for fertigation and 7% for foliar application. Residual effects of nutrient application in the grove were observed in the year after labeled fertilizer application, which greater proportions derived from the soil supply.