Vagabundos e criminosos: o trabalho como mecanismo de poder e índice de criminalização no discurso jurídico-penal de reinserção social dos apenados

This study was a critical investigation of the configuration of discourse on work in the Brazilian criminal legal discourse. We problematized the discourse of an alleged reintegrative social function proposed by the criminal legal system and analyzed the role of such discourse in the core of disciplinary power strategies that impose on individuals the honest worker condition as a major criterion for their rehabilitation and return to society as citizens. This critique is our starting point to build the argument that discourse on work as it appears in current criminal legal texts operates more as a criminalization index of those who do not have a lawful occupation than a guarantee of legitimate social transit for convicts and recognition of their dignity. For this purpose, we used as corpus the main sources of Law, namely the Federal Constitution of 1988, the Penal Code, the Penal Execution Law, the Brazilian criminal doctrine and an extensive, more recent penal jurisprudence with regard to techniques of resocialization through work. This critical line enabled us to recognize complexity and plurality of discourses - antagonistic, at times - that build the world of work as portrayed in legal texts. We also sought reference in the discussion on the centrality of work as a formative category of the social being as well as theories that defend the non-centrality of work. Throughout our investigation, we sough to question the very condition of such centrality and to understand the ways in which it was possible to produce a legitimating discourse on work as a model of emancipatory social conduct defended and demanded by the Brazilian punitive system. In a context of precariousness, unemployment and flexibilization of the world of work in contemporary society, convicts hardly ever succeed to resume the identity of honest, hard-working citizens - and no longer offenders. In this context, we also questioned the formulation of a discourse that speaks about human labor as the essence of man and criticizes the Marxist vision that is based on work centrality, and we approached the concept of Michel Foucault, our theoretician of reference, who understands work more as a mechanism of power that promotes the individuals’ submission and adaptation to a goods-producing society than the natural activity of man. We ascribe our study to the field of questions that tackle the political conception of the body as subject to labor imposed as productive and political force. It is about the issue of political technology of individuals, a technology of power, as named by the French author. The intended analysis has not dismissed the material existence of labor relations but sought to discuss the validity of a discourse that considers work the main resource for convict rehabilitation and index for the recognition of dignity and honesty. The Foucauldian discourse analysis was the foundation for the investigation of our object, especially if we understand discourses as social practices with power to institute knowledge and produce truths.

Proces prekaryzacji pracy - nowe kierunki zmian społeczno-gospodarczych w świecie

Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Dziennikarstwa

El urbanismo expansivo y la movilidad infantil en Cataluña

Los modelos de movilidad son una de las expresiones de las distintas formas urbanas. El urbanismo expansivo, como una de estas formas urbanas, está asociado a ciertos tipos de desplazamientos, relacionados a altos niveles de disfunciones sociales, económicas y medioambientales. La comunicación explora las tipologías de desplazamientos en un grupo ciudadano muy específico: los menores de 16 años. La población infantil tiene sus propias pautas de movilidad y estas están relacionadas, también, a las distintas formas urbanas. El análisis se basa en los datos que ofrece la Encuesta de Movilidad Cotidiana de Cataluña 2006 y de ella se analizan las grandes cifras para la comunidad catalana en conjunto. También se comparan los distintos subámbitos territoriales en relación a las características urbanas que estos presentan.

A cidade sem barreiras é para todos?: avaliação das condições de deslocamento no bairro da Cidade Alta, Natal/RN

In this present work, the conditions of displacements and the behaviors of the users are evaluated, face to the physical adequacies in accessibility in the inserted area in the central quadrilateral of the Quarter of Cidade Alta, in the City of Natal/RN, space clipping established by its great meaning historical and cultural. For this reason such area was a target of an integrated actions plan during the years of 1993 and 1998, with the implantation of part of the Project CIDADE SEM BARREIRAS (City without Barriers) and, later, the implementation of the Project CIDADE PARA TODOS's proposals (City for All), having as supports the constant Brazilian norms inserted into the NB9050/1994 and in the Municipal law number 4.090/92, effective ones in the period of the interventions. Considering that the carried through actions at the time were directed to the elimination of the architectural barriers to guarantee the right to go and to come, the research received a human universe formed by all the people in situation of displacement in the central area of the interventions in the quarter of the Cidade Alta, independently of their locomotive or sensorial conditions, emphasizing the aspects most excellent how much to the accessibility of the sidewalk, as promotional of mobility, integration and urban organization, as well as of the public squares of that one quadrilateral, conceived, originally, as spaces of aggregation and social inclusion. The work appealed to the direct comment and the gotten results had been collated with the ex port facto law and technique norms, of the year of 2004, and with the legal devices contained in the Federal Decree number 5.296/2004, as way to certify the levels of efficiency of these adaptations in that it says respect to the current conditions of demanded accessibility and urban mobility

Arquitetura de rede com suporte à mobilidade de fluxo IP e ao gerenciamento de Mobilidade Distribuído (DMM)

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, 2016.

Propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario de Percepciones Académicas para la evaluación de las expectativas de los estudiantes de primer año en Enseñanza Superior

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Relatório de Estágio

A asma é uma doença crónica das vias respiratórias, normalmente associada a uma hiper- reatividade das vias aéreas e a uma obstrução variável do fluxo de ar. É um problema grave de saúde global e que se encontra associado a vários fatores como o envelhecimento, a pobreza, desemprego e condições de vida insalubres. A adesão ao tratamento é importante para que exista o bom controlo da asma, contribuindo dessa forma para a melhoria na qualidade de vida com redução dos custos associados à doença. A intervenção de uma equipa multidisciplinar, sistematizando conhecimentos em diversas áreas para a prevenção e educação na saúde, promovendo o reforço do poder e da responsabilidade do doente, contribuindo para a melhoria individual e coletiva dentro de um contexto de vida saudável, tem como objetivo incentivar alterações de comportamentos para a melhoria de estilos de vida mais saudáveis. A implementação da consulta de enfermagem surgiu da necessidade em acompanhar doentes com o diagnóstico de asma uma vez que só existe consulta médica. A consulta de enfermagem tem por finalidade reforçar a educação do doente e proporcionar maior segurança e aceitação na adesão e controlo da doença

Regards sur les territoires des ancrages haïtiano-montréalais : les impacts des pratiques transnationales au quotidien

À Montréal, les Haïtiens forment le troisième groupe ethnique en importance et offrent un exemple de peuple en diaspora. Étudier leurs mobilités et pratiques transnationales, ainsi que leurs incidences sur la redéfinition des concepts d’identité et de territoire, permet alors de comprendre les articulations entre le local et le transnational, dans le contexte de globalisation et de rétrécissement du monde permis par les nouvelles technologies. L’objectif de la recherche est de comprendre l’impact des pratiques transnationales et des médias dans la construction territoriale et l’ancrage des Haïtiens montréalais. Pour ce faire, 18 entrevues de type récit de vie ont été menées auprès d’un échantillon représentant les différentes vagues d’immigration haïtienne et des tables rondes ont été organisées. L’analyse des discours a permis de mettre en lumière les trajectoires, les lieux et types d’ancrages ainsi que le rôle des nouvelles technologies dans les liens translocaux de cette communauté. Les résultats, non généralisables, mettent de l’avant le rôle important des médias dans l’ancrage. Par exemple, l’ancrage des migrants de la première vague a été facilité par la création de radios haïtiennes, ces dernières ayant aidé à cimenter la communauté d’alors. Pour les deuxièmes générations, les nouveaux médias permettent de s’identifier à la diaspora et de s’ancrer en Haïti, avec des projets de développement, comme à Montréal, à travers l’expérience du cosmopolitisme. Finalement, l’analyse des récits de vie des nouveaux arrivants le confirme : les médias donnent la possibilité d’un ancrage inédit gardé à disposition avec les nouvelles technologies d’information et de communication.

The efficiency of multivariate macroeconomic forecasts

We examine the efficiency of multivariate macroeconomic forecasts by estimating a vector autoregressive model on the forecast revisions of four variables (GDP, inflation, unemployment and wages). Using a data set of professional forecasts for the G7 countries, we find evidence of cross‐series revision dynamics. Specifically, forecasts revisions are conditionally correlated to the lagged forecast revisions of other macroeconomic variables, and the sign of the correlation is as predicted by conventional economic theory. This indicates that forecasters are slow to incorporate news across variables. We show that this finding can be explained by forecast underreaction.

Regards sur les territoires des ancrages haïtiano-montréalais : les impacts des pratiques transnationales au quotidien

À Montréal, les Haïtiens forment le troisième groupe ethnique en importance et offrent un exemple de peuple en diaspora. Étudier leurs mobilités et pratiques transnationales, ainsi que leurs incidences sur la redéfinition des concepts d’identité et de territoire, permet alors de comprendre les articulations entre le local et le transnational, dans le contexte de globalisation et de rétrécissement du monde permis par les nouvelles technologies. L’objectif de la recherche est de comprendre l’impact des pratiques transnationales et des médias dans la construction territoriale et l’ancrage des Haïtiens montréalais. Pour ce faire, 18 entrevues de type récit de vie ont été menées auprès d’un échantillon représentant les différentes vagues d’immigration haïtienne et des tables rondes ont été organisées. L’analyse des discours a permis de mettre en lumière les trajectoires, les lieux et types d’ancrages ainsi que le rôle des nouvelles technologies dans les liens translocaux de cette communauté. Les résultats, non généralisables, mettent de l’avant le rôle important des médias dans l’ancrage. Par exemple, l’ancrage des migrants de la première vague a été facilité par la création de radios haïtiennes, ces dernières ayant aidé à cimenter la communauté d’alors. Pour les deuxièmes générations, les nouveaux médias permettent de s’identifier à la diaspora et de s’ancrer en Haïti, avec des projets de développement, comme à Montréal, à travers l’expérience du cosmopolitisme. Finalement, l’analyse des récits de vie des nouveaux arrivants le confirme : les médias donnent la possibilité d’un ancrage inédit gardé à disposition avec les nouvelles technologies d’information et de communication.

Maleta pequeña y relatos cortos: Crónicas de un viajero

Este trabajo de grado es un conjunto de crónicas que carácter experiencial, desde las cuales se narran las historias que viven los turistas en sitios inhóspitos como el desierto de la Tatacoa y la selva del Amazonas. Estos textos están orientados a mostrar el desarrollo del periodismo de turismo en Colombia.

Condicionantes económicas de Colombia y la alianza del Pacífico

La principal finalidad de este estudio, es presentar una visión actualizada y genérica respecto a las condicionantes económicas de Colombia en particular y las relacionadas con el conjunto de países que conforman la Alianza del Pacífico en general –Chile, Colombia, México y Perú. Se trata de un estudio no experimental, descriptivo-interpretativo con énfasis en la revisión de datos. Entre las conclusiones más importantes se destacan los niveles de crecimiento económico con mayor estabilidad se presentan en Chile y Perú, una dependencia comercial exterior de México hacia Estados Unidos y que en Colombia se tiene el caso de que el aumento de producción que se hace evidente, no impacta tanto como era de esperarse, en la variable empleo.

Las reformas emprendidas en Túnez de la mano del FMI y el BM ¿Precedente para la revolución de los Jazmines?”(1987-2010)

El estallido de la “Revolución de los Jazmines” cuestionó el éxito de un país que por más de dos décadas fue exaltado por el Banco Mundial (BM) y el Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI) por los logros alcanzados gracias a un programa de restructuración económica. Las exigencias e inconformidades de los manifestantes, que iban más allá de la falta de garantías democráticas, permitieron ver que el país sufría de problemas estructurales relacionados a los altos niveles de desempleo, la precariedad de la situación laboral y la desigualdad. Esta monografía pretende evaluar el papel que tuvieron las reformas económicas y en general el modelo de desarrollo que siguió Túnez de la mano del FMI y el BM, en el surgimiento y consolidación de las condiciones que dieron lugar a la Revolución de los Jazmines a finales del año 2010.

Proposal for Labor Market Integration of Teachers in Contexts of High Social Vulnerability

The purpose of this paper is to share a proposal for teacher’s labor market integration in contexts of high social5 vulnerability. This paper is the result of a research conducted in a priority attention primary school6 of the central canton of Heredia7. It explored the labor market integration process of teachers, considering the community, family and student reality of a population social risk. The research that supports this proposal is based on a qualitative approach, since the diagnosis process is not intended to provide answers that could be commonly applied to other education centers in similar contexts, but to make an exploratory approach of teachers’ reality and their integration process into education institutions of high social vulnerability. Therefore, although this paper intends to share this experience, it does not aim to unify integration practices, but to be an input in carrying out similar processes.  (5) The concept of high social vulnerability is understood based on Sojo’s approach (2003), which defines it as marginal urban communities in areas considered by the Costa Rican government as priority areas with the greatest social, economic backwardness in the country, and high rates of violence, leisure, unemployment and drug addiction. (6) Translator’s note: The Costa Rican education system is composed of primary education (1st-6th grade) and secondary education (7th-11th grade). (7)A public primary school in the circuit 02 of the Province of Heredia.

Unlocking the Potential of Women in the Rural Development Process of Republic of Srpska: The Role of Extension Service

In Bosnia Herzegovina the development of clear policy objectives and endorsement of a long-term, coherent and mutual agricultural and rural development policy have also been affected by structural problems: a lack of reliable information on population and other relevant issues, the absence of an adequate land registry system and cadastre. Moreover in BiH the agricultural and rural sectors are characterized by many factors that have typically affected transition countries such as land fragmentation, lack of agricultural mechanization and outdated production technologies, and rural aging, high unemployment and out-migration. In such a framework the condition and role of women in rural areas suffered for the lack of gender disaggregated data and a consequent poor information that lead to the exclusion of gender related questions in the agenda of public institutions and to the absence of targeted policy interventions. The aim of the research is to investigate the role and condition of women in the rural development process of Republic of Srpska and to analyze the capacity of extension services to stimulate their empowerment. Specific research questions include the status of women in the rural areas of Republic of Srpska, the role of government in fostering the empowerment of rural women, and the role of the extension service in supporting rural women. The methodology - inspired by the case study method developed by R. Yin - is designed along the three specific research questions that are used as building blocks. Each of the three research questions is investigated with a combination of methodological tools - including surveys, experts interviews and focus groups - aimed to overcome the lack of data and knowledge that characterize the research objectives.