999 resultados para Condições Sanitárias


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RESUMOO mamoeiro vem tornando-se uma das principais fruteiras cultivadas no Brasil dado ao grande mercado interno e ao crescente mercado de exportação. A demanda pela fruta fez crescer, nos últimos anos, as áreas de cultivo que lentamente se direcionam ao semiárido, e, com isso, cresce a necessidade de novas variedades melhoradas para o cultivo. Neste sentido, foram gerados híbridos de mamão pertencentes aos dois grupos heteróticos: Solo e Formosa,estes, avaliados consecutivamente ao longo do ciclo da cultura, tanto em um ambiente tradicional de cultivo como em um ambiente recente para a cultura, o semiárido. Foram identificados híbridos que superam as testemunhas em quase o dobro no aspecto de rendimento, tanto no grupo de híbridos pertences à categoria Solo (UC14, UC15 e UC16) quanto à categoria Formosa (UC10 e UC12). Estes, além de elevado rendimento, foram detentores de características favoráveis, como o elevado teor de sólidos solúveis e o baixo número de flores estéreis. Em adição, o coeficiente de repetibilidade das características avaliadas sugere que, dentre as características ligadas ao rendimento, o peso médio de fruto é a mais estável ao longo do ciclo de produção.

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RESUMO Na pós-colheita do abacaxizeiro, a podridão-negra é considerada como um dos principais problemas na comercialização dos frutos. A doença é causada pelo fungoChalara paradoxa (De Seynes) Sacc.. Apesar da importância deste patógeno para a cultura, são poucas as informações relacionadas ao estudo do mesmo, com base em características fisiológicas in vitro. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento micelial, a esporulação e a germinação de C. paradoxa, em diferentes condições de cultivo. A partir de placas contendo colônias puras do isolado de C. paradoxa, foram retirados individualmente discos para inoculação em diferentes meios. A incubação das placas foi feita em três diferentes regimes de luminosidade e em três diferentes temperaturas. Para o crescimento micelial, esporulação e germinação, as melhores condições de cultivo in vitro de C. paradoxa foram os meios aveia (OA) e batata (PDA) em alternância luminosa a 25°C, os meios batata (PDA) e abacaxi (PJA) no escuro contínuo, na mesma temperatura.

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RESUMO Para iniciar um programa de melhoramento genético, a existência da variabilidade genética é essencial. Assim, a caracterização dos genótipos é o primeiro passo para adefinição da estratégia de melhoramento a ser adotada. Neste sentido, este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a divergência genética, com base em caracteres morfoagronômicos, entre 19 acessos de abacaxizeiro (vAnanas comosusar. comosus) pertencentes à coleção ativa de trabalho da UNEMAT de Tangará da Serra (MT). Foram utilizados 52 descritores, sendo 31 descritores qualitativos e 21 quantitativos. Para aanálise dos dados, utilizou-se do coeficiente de coincidência simples, da distância euclidiana média padronizada e da análise conjunta por meio da distância de Gower. Pelos descritores avaliados, verificou-se amplavariabilidade entre os acessos de A. comosus var. comosus. A análise conjunta foi mais eficiente na representação da variabilidade genética entre os acessos avaliados. Sugerem-se os cruzamentos dos acessos 4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 13 e 19 com os acessos 3; 9; 10 e 11.

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Foram realizados testes de controle de qualidade, descritos na Portaria 453/98 do Ministério da Saúde, em sete hospitais públicos do Rio de Janeiro, em um total de 29 tubos de raios X, 30 chassis e 20 vestimentas de proteção individual. Os testes avaliaram o desempenho do gerador de raios X e a geometria do feixe. Foram verificados, também, chassis, "écrans" e negatoscópios, assim como as câmaras claras e escuras. Alguns dos resultados encontrados foram: 55% dos tubos foram reprovados em exatidão e 15% em reprodutibilidade de kVp; 53% foram reprovados em exatidão e 31% em reprodutibilidade de tempo de exposição; 30% foram reprovados em camada semi-redutora; 18% foram reprovados no alinhamento do feixe central; 30% foram reprovados em coincidência de campos; 40% foram reprovados na linearidade de exposição; 64% foram rejeitados no teste de ponto focal. Foram verificadas a guarda inadequada e a falta de recomendação para uso dos aventais plumbíferos. Os resultados dos testes sugerem a necessidade da implementação sistemática de controle de qualidade por um profissional qualificado. A relação de custo-benefício reforça a implantação e a manutenção dos procedimentos contidos e executados neste trabalho, pois tais procedimentos garantiriam a diminuição do custo final do serviço e da dose nos pacientes.

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In this paper is presented electrochemical evidences of the influence of the light on the electrochemical behavior of nickel electrode in diluted sulfuric acid. The current densities related with the electrooxidation of the metal decreases when the electrode is under illumination. The corrosion potential, Ecorr , shift to a more positive value in this condition. This effect was observed with polychromatic light and with different wavelength glass filters such as 700 nm and 520 nm. It was observed that increasing the temperature of the solution, the current densities related with cathodic and anodic processes, increases instead of decreases. The activation energy related with the electrooxidation of the electrode was higher under illumination than in the dark. It is suggested that this behavior may be related or with a photo-inhibition effect either with dessorption of adsorbed water involved in the electrooxidation mechanism.

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The determination of fractal dimension (D) of humic particles was achieved by the turbidimetric technique where diluted suspensions of humic acids, in different experimental conditions, were analyzed by spectrophotometry UV-Vis. The slope of the lines (beta) was taken from the graphics (logtauvs loglambda) to obtain D. The results show that the values of D changed according to pH (3.0, 5.0 and 7.0), temperature (25 and 5 ºC) and shaking (magnetic and horizontal). In general, the value of D decreased with the increment of pH, increase of shaking and decrease of temperature.

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In the sediments of Varano lagoon (South Italy) were evaluated the concentration of some toxic heavy metals. Besides in the same sites were determinated the bioluminescent inhibition of eluate sediments by Toxalert® 10 and all matrix datas comparated with biological classification proposed by author Frisoni based on abundance level of macrozoobenthos. The results from three tipes of approches (ecotoxicological, chemical and biological ) show a similar trend.

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The aim of this work is to present the catalytic performance of iridium supported on carbon nanofibers with macroscopic shaping in a 2 N hydrazine microthruster placed inside a vacuum chamber in order to reproduce real-life conditions. The performances obtained are compared to those of the commercial catalyst Shell 405. The carbon-nanofiber based catalyst showed better performance than the commercial catalyst from the standpoint of activity due to its texture and its thermal conductivity.

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The production of ethyl esters by alcoholysis is an alternative for splitting triacylglycerols due to the possibility of using low temperatures, which results in oxidative protection of the polyunsaturated fatty acids. Ethyl esters produced under mild conditions of temperature could be used as substrate for obtaining structured lipids. The reaction parameters of production of ethyl esters from fish oil with high content of omega-3 fatty acids by alcoholysis were optimized using response surface methodology. An experimental design (2³) (with levels +1 and -1, six axial points with levels -alpha and +alpha and three central points) was applied. The variables investigated were concentration of catalyst, amount of ethyl alcohol and temperature. Ethyl ester conversion was monitored by high performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) and the best result obtained was 95% conversion rate. The optimal conditions were 40 °C, 1% of NaOH and 36% of ethanol.

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This study was performed to establish the correlation between the growth conditions and essential oil composition of Hyptis suaveolens from Alfenas (MG), Brazil. The plants were grown in a greenhouse, four treatments were used and they were harvested at two different periods of time (60 and 135-day-old plants). The essential oil composition was determined by GC-MS analysis. The terpenes spathulenol, globulol, dehydroabietol, a-cadinol and beta-phellandrene were the major constituents found in the essential oil. Oxygenated sesquiterpenes represented the main group of constituents in most of the treatments. The major changes in the essential oil composition were found in 135-day-old plants grown under NPK deficiency. We also identified three groups of volatile components that have not been previously described in H suaveolens.

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In order to reduce the total number of experiments for achieving the highest amount of adsorbed Cu2+ (qmax) using pecan nutshells (Carya illinoensis) as biosorbent, a full 2(4) factorial design with two central points was carried out (mass of biosorbent- m, pH, initial metallic ion concentration- C0, time of contact- t). In order to continue the optimization of the system, a central composite surface analysis design with two factors and five central points was carried out. The maximum amount of Cu2+ taken up by the pecan nutshells was 20 mg g-1. These results were confirmed by determining a Cu2+ isotherm using the best conditions attained by the statistical design of experiments.

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The beta-lapachone is a product obtained from the Ipê Roxo tree [Tabebuia avellandae], which has proved its excellent antineoplasic potential acting through a particular mechanism of apoptosis against various cancer types. This study aims at determining the identity card of beta-lapachone by means of physico-chemical and pharmaco-technical characterization. A purifying process has been performed, as well as the isolation of a contaminant, its isomer alpha-lapachone. A stability study was also performed, determining the ideal storing conditions for beta-lapachone, essential for the ongoing pre-formulation studies for obtaining the different classic pharmaceutical forms and modified release systems.

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Different parameters of carbon ceramic electrodes (CCE) preparation, such as type of precursor, carbon material, catalyst amount, among others, significantly influence the morphological properties and consequently their electrochemical responses. This paper describes a 2³ factorial design (2 factors and 3 levels with central point replicates), which the factors analyzed were catalyst amount (HCl 12 mol L-1), graphite/precursor ratio, and precursor type (TEOS - tetraethoxysilane and MTMOS - methyltrimetoxysilane). The design resulted in a significant third order interaction for peak current values (Ipa) and a second order interaction for potential difference (ΔE), between thefactors studied, which could not be observed when using an univariated study.

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A systematic study of the reaction of β-hydroxy ethers with ruthenium tetraoxide (RuO4), generated in situ from ruthenium trichloride and sodium periodate, is presented, leading to nine-membered ring keto-lactones in moderate yields. Three different solvent systems - AcOEt/MeCN/H2O, MeCN/H2O and DMC/H2O - were studied leading to the desired products in lower yields than those obtained with the classical mixture of CCl4/MeCN/H2O, commonly used in reactions promoted by this oxidant. However, it is noteworthy that these new solvent systems represent greener alternatives to the chlorinated solvents used in the oxidative cleavage of β-hydroxy ethers by RuO4.

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The thermodynamic equilibrium is a state defined by conditions which depend upon some characteristics of the system. It requires thermal, mechanical, chemical and phase equilibrium. Continuum thermodynamics, its radical restriction usually called homogeneous processes thermodynamics, as well as the classical thermodynamic science of reversible processes, each of them defines equilibrium in a differing way. But these definitions lead to the same physical contents.