815 resultados para Older Women, Coping, Domestic Violence


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This work demonstrates the results obtained from research on violence against women: an analysis of the work from reference center of the Social Assistance-CREAS, held in the city of Parnamirim/RN from September 2008 extending through the february of 2009. Having as goal to investigate and examine in a longitudinal cut, which specifically covers the period from 2006 to 2007, find out extent the actions taken by the Reference Center Specialized Social Assistance-CREAS, contributed to the change of women who were there, by checking if there was any change in their positions ahead of the violence and if they began to realize how social subjects, able to control their living conditions and interfere in the orientation of social dynamics Have a particular emphasis on the presence of work and schooling or lack of them is also a factor to be allied to the barriers and rules imposed on women in contemporary society. In this study it was found through a qualitative research guided by dialectical and implemented through the use of documentary research, observation, semi-structured interview and an extensive theoretical background on the subject in question that the woman victim of violence is in a complex and contradictory context where there is both the construction and deconstruction of rights, a view that there are strong influences of patriarchal culture and the consequences of social issues that specifically searched for the public, focuses on social, economic , political, social and cultural. In this sense, the National Policy to Combat Violence against Women, operated by CREASE Parnamirim, is also reflected in its early stages in the life of these women are to nurture a real chance for these victims of violence, to perceive themselves as social subjects can control their lives and interfere in their own destinies. We want this study to add more knowledge to help and most appropriate intervention in this reality, but without the intention of reaching exhaustion, but to subsidize future studies on the topic of women victims of violence

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This research analyzes the Rio Grande do Norte care services to women who face violence in the context of contemporary capitalism. To do so, we situate the patriarchy in the set of current social relations and its relationship with the corporate determinations in everyday life. The new functions of the Patriarchy in the capital sociability permeates the lives of individuals and particularizes the relationships of violence which affects women, requiring, in the immediate level, policy-making to face them. The research found an arsenal of contradictory possibilities and limitations in dealing with violence. In this process, forms of struggle and resistance predominate, which appear as possibilities and limits were identified relate to the socio-historical context of regression of the rights, historical moment in which increase the objective difficulties in everyday life to ensure the legal achievements. It is worth to emphasize the achievements and contradictions that characterize the struggle process for rights, linking services to women to the social policies and to the limits they face in opposition to the aims of the State to meet the mandatory requirements of capital, reducing its role as the main guarantor of policies and rights. In this sense, the trajectory of the achievements that have referred to the proclamation of a specific law to deal with combat violence against women, the Maria da Penha Law - 11.340/06, which provides an integrated set of measures that, if implemented, would allow the women protection from relations of violence they experience. We identified in Rio Grande do Norte precarious services that are essential to achieve the Maria da Penha Law. This situation requires a feminist organization to claim the rights that enable women to see themselves as people with rights in the process of collective struggle. This is the historical need for continuity of struggles that accumulate policies for the existence of a new model of social relations of gender. One of the possibilities that are presented in the current context is the impact on the public budget in order to ensure compliance with the budget for public policies for women - woman budget. In this perspective, feminist segments in national and state level have been organized to understand the functioning and monitoring of social policies. This is a condition and prerequisite for ensuring policies to ensure basic rights and the violence combat , which still requires an integrated set of services. The survey results allow us to consider that the struggle for rights is necessary at this historical moment, however it is not sufficient in human emancipation, which requires new forms of social relations that determine substantive equality between men and women. Thus, the feminist movement faces the challenge to organize and strengthen itself in daily life, in order to execute a project that changes the meaning of women's rights, articulated to a corporate project which wants other command in the set of social relations . This study emphasizes the need for a more and more organic connection between feminism and social struggles, to ensure the inclusion of women in anti-capitalist struggle

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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A violência contra crianças é apontada como uma das principais causas de morbi-mortalidade na infância e deve ser identificada por todos os profissionais que lidam com esse público, inclusive os professores. Objetivou-se avaliar o preparo dos professores de educação infantil, no que se refere à percepção e notificação dos casos de violência contra criança. Foram visitadas todas as instituições de ensino infantil de Araçatuba-SP, e os profissionais que consentiram (n=236), os quais responderam a um questionário sobre o tema. Os dados foram analisados quanti-qualitativamente. 91,1% se consideram responsáveis pela notificação e 86,9% se dizem capazes de identificar agressões. 80,9% declararam ter recebido informações a respeito da violência contra criança, entretanto, 67,7% sentem-se inseguros quanto à identificação dos casos. Conclui-se que, mesmo possuindo formação para proceder ante a violência, a maioria dos pesquisados ainda não se sente preparada, o que pode gerar negligência.

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O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar, em mulheres idosas, o efeito agudo do alongamento estático sobre a taxa de desenvolvimento de força pico (TDFP) e contração voluntária máxima (CVM). A amostra foi composta por 10 mulheres idosas (idade 68,5 ± 7,0 anos; peso 70,9 ± 8,1 kg; estatura 159,4 ± 6,0 cm; índice de massa corporal 28,0 ± 3,8 kg/m²). A TDFP e a CVM foram testadas no exercício Leg Press, antes e após as condições controle ou alongamento (três séries de 30 segundos de alongamento estático do quadríceps femoral), em dois dias diferentes (24 horas de intervalo). A TDFP foi determinada como a inclinação mais íngreme da curva, calculada dentro da janela regular de 20 ms (∆Força/∆Tempo), para os primeiros 200 ms após o início da força muscular. A CVM foi determinada como o maior ponto registrado na tentativa. em cada dia, apenas uma condição foi testada e a ordem de emprego para cada condição foi determinada aleatoriamente. A intensidade do alongamento foi determinada pelo limiar de dor muscular. Quatro avaliações pós-condições (pós-tratamento; 10; 20 e 30 minutos) foram realizadas para acompanhar o comportamento da força muscular. A ANCOVA 2x5, seguida do teste post-hoc de Scheffé, não mostrou interações, condição vs. momento, significativas (P > 0,05) para a TDFP e CVM. em conclusão, séries agudas de alongamento estático para o quadríceps femoral não afetam a capacidade de produzir força muscular rapidamente e máxima de mulheres idosas.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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O estudo teve como objetivo analisar o efeito de uma sessão de exercícios resistidos na sensibilidade cutânea em idosas hipertensas e normotensas fisicamente ativas, bem como comparar a sensibilidade cutânea entre os dois grupos. Participaram deste estudo 32 mulheres (65,8 ± 5,1anos; 69,5 ± 13,7Kg; 1,60 ± 0,1m) fisicamente ativas, que foram classificadas em hipertensas (n = 15) e normotensas (n = 17). Todas as participantes responderam a um questionário de anamnese clínica e Questionário Baecke Modificado para Idosos. Antes e após a sessão de exercícios resistidos, a sensibilidade cutânea da mão dominante foi avaliada em sete pontos anatômicos das regiões dorsal e palmar, por meio da estimulação de seis monofilamentos de Semmes-Weinstein. As cargas empregadas durante a sessão de exercícios resistidos foram determinadas na semana anterior ao protocolo experimental. O teste de Wilcoxon revelou que não houve diferença estatisticamente significante no teste de sensibilidade cutânea, antes e após a sessão de exercícios resistidos, para ambos os grupos. Contudo, o teste U-Mann-Whitney apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos, em três pontos, no momento pré e um ponto, no momento pós-sessão de exercícios resistidos. Uma sessão de exercícios resistidos não modificou a sensibilidade cutânea de idosas hipertensas e normotensas. Entretanto, as participantes hipertensas apresentaram sensibilidade cutânea reduzida em alguns pontos quando comparadas com as normotensas.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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O objetivo do estudo foi caracterizar o desempenho escolar da criança vítima de violência doméstica atendida no Fórum Judicial. Participaram do estudo 20 crianças vitimizadas comparadas com seus pares da mesma sala de aula, mesmo sexo e mesma faixa etária, mas sem histórico de violência doméstica, suas respectivas mães e professoras. As crianças responderam ao Teste de Desempenho Escolar, Inventário de Estilos Parentais e ao Teste de Raven (Escala Especial) e apresentaram o caderno escolar. As mães responderam a uma entrevista e a Escala de Táticas de Conflitos Revisada (CTS-2). As professoras apresentaram sua opinião sobre o desempenho acadêmico dos participantes. Os dados obtidos mostraram que a criança vitimizada tem desempenho escolar inferior ao grupo controle. Os resultados da CTS-2 indicaram que a maioria das crianças vitimizadas estava exposta à violência conjugal. O estudo mostrou que, além da violência doméstica direta e indireta, tais crianças estavam expostas a outros fatores de risco, tais como, pobreza, baixa escolaridade materna e uso de álcool e/ou droga por familiares.

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O presente artigo discute os sentidos da filiação para crianças abrigadas, vítimas de violência doméstica. O desejo dessas crianças de recuperar a filiação familiar é analisado como busca de um lugar psicossocial. As crianças abrigadas, que sofreram uma ruptura na filiação primeva e história de vida, flutuam entre vinculações efêmeras, sem referências de seu passado e sem pontos fixos e sólidos para seu assentamento no presente que lhes possam servir de guia ou de novas filiações. Tal condição de desfiliação é focalizada como tendência da sociedade contemporânea em afrouxar vinculações, movimentar os ancoradouros psicossociais e produzir desterritorializações, favorecendo uma subjetividade móvel, não identitária, desenlaçada de encaixes e conexões duradouros. Como conclusão, é apontada a continuidade histórica da vitimização da infância realizada pela condição de trânsito e passagem na qual vive, impeditiva de constituições de vínculos duradouros e sólidos que permitam uma suficiente estabilidade e segurança para a prospecção do mundo.

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Objective: The aim of our study was to assess the likelihood of IUI success as a function of the previously described predictive factors, including sperm morphology according to the new reference values defined by WHO. Material and Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 300 couples which underwent IUI. Regression analyses were used to correlate maternal age, number of preovulatory follicles on the day of hCG administration, number of inseminated motile sperm, and normal sperm morphology with clinical pregnancy. Results are expressed as odds ratio (OR) with 95% of confidence intervals (CI). Results: Women older than 35 years showed a lower pregnancy rate (6.5% vs 18.2%, p=0.017). Logistic regression models confirmed the lower chance of pregnancy occurrence for older women (OR: 0.39; CI: 0.16-0.96; p=0.040). The presence of two or more preovulatory follicles on the day of hCG administration resulted in higher pregnancy rate when compared to cases in which only one preovulatory follicle was present (18.6% vs 8.2%, p=0.011). The regression model showed a more than two fold increase on probability of pregnancy when two or more preovulatory follicles were detected (OR: 2.58; CI: 1.22-5.46, p=0.013). The number of inseminated motile sperm positively influenced pregnancy occurrence (OR: 1.47; CI: 0.88-3.14, p=0.027). Similar pregnancy rates were observed when semen samples were classified as having normal or abnormal morphology (10.6% vs 10.2%, p=0.936). Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that sperm morphological normalcy, according to the new reference value, has no predictive value on IUI outcomes. © Todos os direitos reservados a SBRA - Sociedade Brasileira de Reprodução Assistida.

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Purpose. Fatigue has been pointed as a fall risk in the elderly; however, the effects of prolonged gait on neuromuscular recruitment and on its pattern remain unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of prolonged gait on neuromuscular recruitment levels and spatial-temporal gait variables. Methods. Eight healthy older women (age: 72.63 ± 6.55 years) walked at their preferred walking speed for twenty minutes on a treadmill. The Root Mean Square (RMS) from the vastus-lateralis, femoral biceps, tibialis anterior and lateral gastrocnemius muscles were determined at the first and last minute of the test during the moments of Heel Strike (HS), Terminal Stance and Terminal Swing (TS). In addition, coactivation in the knee and ankle as well as the stride cadence and length were measured in the test. The two RMS data (taken at the first and last minute) were compared by means of a Student's t-test. Results. Twenty minutes of walking induced fatigue in the subjects, as observed through an increase in RMS, notably during the HS and TS. Coactivation was also influenced by the prolonged gait test. The only gait phase where a risk of falling was enhanced was the HS. Nonetheless, subjects developed strategies to maintain a safe motor pattern, which was evidenced by an increase in stride length and a decrease in stride cadence. Conclusion. Tests lasting just twenty minutes on a treadmill were enough to induce fatigue in older adults. However, the level of fatigue was not enough to present a danger or fall risk to elderly individuals.

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This quali-quantitative study aimed to verify subjective exercise experiences of older women before and after exercise sessions in actual and virtual conditions, as well as, the preferred exercise condition. The sample was composed by 20 older women (71.1±6.5 years-old) who practiced dance sessions in actual and virtual conditions, and answered the Subjective Exercise Experiences Scale (SEES) before and after the activity. In virtual condition it was used the virtual game Just Dance I from the Nintendo Wii® console. In actual condition participants reproduced the same game movements, as demonstrated by the researcher. Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests were used for data analyses (p<0.05). Significant decrease was observed in the psychological distress score of SEES after both conditions. Increase in positive well being score was found only in the virtual condition. Most of the older women chose the actual condition as the preferred.

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The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of age on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), muscle strength and heart rate (HR) response to exercise adaptation in women in response to a long-term twice-weekly combined aerobic and resistance exercise program. 85 sedentary women, divided into young (YG; n=22, 30.3±6.2 years), early middle-aged (EMG; n=28, 44.1±2.5 years), late middle-aged (LMG; n=20, 56.7±3.5 years) and older (OG; n=15, 71.4±6.9 years) groups, had their CRF, muscle strength (1-repetition maximum test) and HR response to exercise (graded exercise test) measured before and after 12 months of combined exercise training. Exercise training improved CRF and muscle strength in all age groups (P<0.05), and no significant differences were observed between groups. Exercise training also improved resting HR and recovery HR in YG and EMG (P<0.05), but not in LMG and OG. Maximal HR did not change in any group. Combined aerobic and resistance training at a frequency of 2 days/week improves CRF and muscle strength throughout the lifespan. However, exercise-induced improvements in the HR recovery response to exercise may be impaired in late middle-aged and older women. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG.