Alfredo Pareja: ensayista y crítico (Del Historiador y el Ensayista)

La autora revisa la ensayística de Alfredo Pareja sobre temas de arte colonial, cultura y literatura. Da cuenta de la evolución de su noción de lo artístico desde 1933, cuando Pareja marca distancia con la generación anterior y con el arielismo vigente, al hacer suya la defensa del realismo social, más adelante, sin embargo, matizaría estos juicios en otros ensayos. Su postura crítica, en términos generales, no defiende la originalidad ni la forma del texto por sí mismas, sino el valor del contenido, el humanismo empieza a ser el hilo conductor de su narrativa e iluminador de su estética. Por otro lado, siente la necesidad de resignificar lo local en su contacto con lo universal, reconociendo el afán de contemporaneidad de su generación, su defensa de lo mestizo está presente en sus reflexiones sobre el barroquismo latinoamericano. Finalmente, resulta interesante que Pareja aproxime dos grandes momentos del arte ecuatoriano: la pintura y escultura colonial de la llamada escuela de Quito, y la propuesta estética de su generación.

Ultrastructure of Buddenbrockia allmani n sp (Myxozoa, Malacosporea), a parasite of Lophopus crystallinus (Bryozoa, Phylactolaemata)

Development of a new species of malacosporean myxozoan (Buddenbrockia allmani n. sp.) in the bryozoan Lophopus crystallinus is described. Early stages, represented by isolated cells or small groups, were observed in the host's body wall or body cavity. Multiplication and rearrangement of cells gave an outer cell layer around a central mass. The outer cells made contact by filopodia and established adherens junctions. Sporoplasmosomes were a notable feature of early stages, but these were lost in subsequent development. Typical malacosporean sacs were formed from these groups by attachment of the inner (luminal) cells by a basal lamina to the outer layer (mural cells). Division of luminal cells gave rise to a population of cells that was liberated into the lumen of the sac. Mitotic spindles in open mitosis and prophase stages of meiosis were observed in luminal cells. Centrioles were absent. Detached luminal cells assembled to form spores with four polar capsules and several valve cells surrounding two sporoplasms with secondary cells. Restoration of sporoplasmosomes occurred in primary sporoplasms. A second type of sac was observed with highly irregular mural cells and stellate luminal cells. A radially striated layer and dense granules in the polar capsule wall, and previous data on 18 rDNA sequences enabled assignment of the species to the genus Buddenbrockia, while specific diagnosis relied on the rDNA data and on sac shape and size.

Standardization of procurement: National or international?

The ISO has issued a Draft International Standard on construction procurement and the British Standards Institute is drafting a standard based upon this for use in the UK. Three questions arise from these observations. First, what kind of consultation processes would be adequate to ensure that such a standard meets the requirements of an industry as diverse as construction? Second, why would an international standard be inappropriate for use in a country like UK? Third, what sort of issues should such a standard seek to cover? There are strong precedents for process standards, such as quality assurance, design management and workmanship on building sites. So the idea of a standard on procurement is not unusual. Moreover, there are many differences in tendering and procurement practice that are wasteful and even collusive or illegal. These issues are explored with a view to offering insights and suggestions for guidance based on the experiences in UK. The research method is first-hand observation of the drafting committee who are dealing with the British Standard. As an example to test and inform the standardization concept, six different standard guidance documents on tendering procedures are compared. This reveals a significant degree of diversity, and based on this, nine stages for implementing a tendering procedure are derived.

Peroxy radical partitioning during the AMMA radical intercomparison exercise

Peroxy radicals were measured onboard two scientific aircrafts during the AMMA (African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis) campaign in summer 2006. This paper reports results from the flight on 16 August 2006 during which measurements of HO2 by laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy at low pressure (LIF-FAGE) and total peroxy radicals (RO2* = HO2+ΣRO2, R = organic chain) by two similar instruments based on the peroxy radical chemical amplification (PeRCA) technique were subject of a blind intercomparison. The German DLR-Falcon and the British FAAM-BAe-146 flew wing tip to wing tip for about 30 min making concurrent measurements on 2 horizontal level runs at 697 and 485 hPa over the same geographical area in Burkina Faso. A full set of supporting measurements comprising photolysis frequencies, and relevant trace gases like CO, NO, NO2, NOy, O3 and a wider range of VOCs were collected simultaneously. Results are discussed on the basis of the characteristics and limitations of the different instruments used. Generally, no data bias are identified and the RO2* data available agree quite reasonably within the instrumental errors. The [RO2*]/[HO2] ratios, which vary between 1:1 and 3:1, as well as the peroxy radical variability, concur with variations in photolysis rates and in other potential radical precursors. Model results provide additional information about dominant radical formation and loss processes.

Variable selection for financial distress classification using a genetic algorithm

This paper is concerned with the use of a genetic algorithm to select financial ratios for corporate distress classification models. For this purpose, the fitness value associated to a set of ratios is made to reflect the requirements of maximizing the amount of information available for the model and minimizing the collinearity between the model inputs. A case study involving 60 failed and continuing British firms in the period 1997-2000 is used for illustration. The classification model based on ratios selected by the genetic algorithm compares favorably with a model employing ratios usually found in the financial distress literature.

Half-remembered quotations from mostly forgotten speeches: the limits of Labour’s European policy discourse

This article uses discourse analysis to study the continuities in British foreign policy thinking within the Labour party from the 1960s to the present day. Using representative extracts from speeches by Hugh Gaitskell, Harold Wilson, Tony Blair and Gordon Brown, it identifies the ideational consis- tencies in the leaders’ attitudes to: Empire; federalism in the EEC/EU; and laying down conditions that have to be met before any constructive engagement with ‘Europe’ can be countenanced. We argue that these consistencies, spanning a 50-year period, exemplify a certain stagnation both within Labour’s European discourses and within British foreign policy thinking more widely. We develop the idea that Labour party thinking has been crucially framed by both small ‘c’ conser- vative and upper-case Conservative ideology, popularised by Winston Churchill in his ‘three circles’ model of British foreign policy.

When innovation becomes inefficient: reexamining Britain's radio industry

I examine the factors underpinning the British radio-equipment sector's particularly poor interwar productivity performance relative to the United States. Differences in socio-legal environments were crucial in allowing key players in the British industry to derive higher monopoly rents than their American counterparts. Higher British rents in turn, had the unintended outcome of stimulating innovation around restrictive patents, initiating a path-dependent process of technical change in favor of expensive multifunctional valves. These valves both raised direct production costs and prevented British firms from following the American path of broadening the radio market beyond the household's prime receiver.

A Rare Case of Trisomy 15pter-q21.2 Due to a De Novo Marker Chromosome

Supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMC) may or may not be associated with an abnormal phenotype, depending on the presence of euchromatin, on their chromosomal origin and whether they are inherited. Over 80% of sSMCs are derived from acrocentric chromosomes and half of them include the short arm of chromosome 15. Generally, they appear as bisatellited isodicentric marker chromosomes, most of them are symmetric. These chromosomes are normally originated de novo and are associated with mild to severe intellectual disability but not with physical abnormalities. We report on a patient with an SMC studied using classical and molecular cytogenetic procedures (G and C banding, NOR staining, painting and centromeric fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), BAC-FISH, and SKY). The MLPA technique and DNA polymorphic markers were used in order to identify its parental origin. The marker chromosome, monosatellited and monocentric, was found to be derived from a maternal chromosome 15 and was defined as 15pter-q21.2. This is the report of the largest de novo monosatellited 15q marker chromosome ever published presenting detailed cytogenetic and clinical data. It was associated with a phenotype including cardiac defect, absence of septum pellucidum, and dysplasia of the corpus callosum. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

"Comida di buteco" : o botequim, um pedaço da alma carioca, em uma iniciativa de construção de comunidade virtual de marca

O botequim é um estabelecimento que serve comida caseira, em porções generosas e a baixo custo, também servindo petiscos típicos e bebidas, isto num ambiente informal, com arquitetura e decoração típicas. Durante muito tempo teve sua imagem associada ao ócio e ao vício, ao ponto dos proprietários rejeitarem a associação dos seus estabelecimentos ao termo botequim. Esta visão mudou com a recente valorização do termo botequim, através do lançamento de guias como o “Rio Botequim”, “Guia Veja Comer & Beber”, das colunas “Pé-limpo” e “Pé-sujo”, ambas publicadas no caderno “Rio Show” do jornal O Globo, e do concurso “Comida di Buteco”. Apesar de haver em todo território brasileiro 297.000 estabelecimentos semelhantes que ocupam em torno de 1.600.000, não são facilmente encontrados estudos que abordem o botequim de um ponto de vista empresarial. Objeto deste estudo o concurso “Comida di Buteco” foi criado em 2000 e atualmente acontece em 16 cidades de 8 estados brasileiros e conta com mais de 370 estabelecimentos concorrentes. O presente estudo tem por objetivo apresentar de que maneira os organizadores do concurso incentivam através de sua página no Facebook a formação de uma comunidade virtual de marca em torno do concurso e se esta se estende aos botequins participantes. Para a realização deste objetivo esta pesquisa se apoia em um referencial teórico mapeado dentro da literatura disponível sobre: o botequim; o concurso “Comida di Buteco”; marca e a criação de seus significados; comunidade de marca e comunidade virtual de marca. Optou-se por abordar o fenômeno de forma qualitativa usando-se a etnografia como metodologia para a coleta de dados e no tratamento destes aplicou-se a análise de discurso mediado por computador. O resultado da análise é confrontado com o referencial teórico e conclui-se que a organização do concurso “Comida di Buteco” incentiva a formação de uma comunidade virtual de marca em torno do concurso, através da troca de informações e opiniões, da divulgação do concurso e estabelecimentos, do incentivo a autoconsciência de grupo. Não foi possível comprovar se esta comunidade se estende aos estabelecimentos concorrentes, porém verificou-se que estes tiram proveito da divulgação de suas marcas pelo concurso.

O corpo como matriz pedagógica

The contemporary conjuncture based on the capitalistic knowledge converges to the corporal consciousness that makes us see, feel, taste and hear, be in/to pieces. Disembodied reason legitimate and legislate ways of being and living socially and its development is the dehumanization of human relations causing pain and suffering. The objective of this work is to discuss the body as pedagogical matrix through imagistic/artistic elements: music, painting and literature. Metaphors lead to self knowledge of human subjectivity and approach us to the kaleidoscope of sensitive knowledge and enables learning to learn with the infinite combinations of images, knowledge, feelings and worldviews. The song Memória da Pele comes in the voice of Maria Betânia speak of the memories that are not mine, but are tattooed in me in the memory of skin, singing the memories of a love lived by who tries to forget rationally, but the body insists on remembering. It is password to think about what we are. The short story by Clarice Lispector, entitled Miss Algarve, narrates the life story of an unmarried and virgin woman, and her encounter with an alien called Ixtlan. Until then, she who lived as if every day were a Monday, found herself seduced by the pleasure of having a body in contact with another body, which also allowed her to give visibility to the bodies of others. She had repudiation by the immorality that her body and the other s perspired. The discovery of the body brings important lessons for nursing, involving our body and the others'. The painting the flying bed or Henry Ford Hospital, by Frida Kahlo, is our final metaphor. The traumatic experience of abortion is shown in this painting trough the picture of the artist naked in a hospital bed. This painting invites us to reflect on our work process. We need to think in multiple dimensions of the being and accept the invitation of art, so that the lightness confronts us with the weight imposed by the hegemonic ideology. I believe it is not a single view, but the many views that should justify the knowledge and practices of nursing; what matters is that they are woven into the dialogue, democracy, provided that protagonism of those individuals involved in this process, in the wandering and uncertainty, in the rewiring, solidarity, plurality. To this end, the body must be the great pedagogue that is able to be viewed not as a tapestry seen by the right view, as the logical knowledge sees, but seen by the opposite side in its singular, irregular, discontinuous weavings

Evaluation of the color stability of two techniques for reproducing artificial irides after microwave polymerization

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Infecções cutâneas e acidentes por animais traumatizantes e venenosos ocorridos em aquários comerciais e domésticos no Brasil: descrição de 18 casos e revisão do tema

FUNDAMENTOS: O aquarismo a cada dia ganha novos adeptos no Brasil. Impulsionado por belos peixes e objetos de decoração, o hábito pode trazer problemas como infecções e envenenamentos por diversos animais. OBJETIVOS: Demonstração dos animais causadores e dos quadros clínicos envolvidos com estes acidentes, das infecções cutâneas encontradas após traumas e das medidas terapêuticas e preventivas para controle do problema, pouco conhecido pela população em geral. MÉTODOS: Utilizou-se um estudo prospectivo para a detecção de acidentes por animais e infecções ocorridas após traumas em aquários. Estes dados serviram de base para um estudo epidemiológico, clínico e terapêutico sobre o problema. RESULTADOS: em cerca de 300 acidentes por animais aquáticos, 12 ou 4% do total foram causados por animais venenosos em aquários. Cinco infecções bacterianas e uma fúngica foram identificadas após traumas em aquários. CONCLUSÕES: Os acidentes em aquários domésticos e comerciais são relativamente comuns e podem acarretar infecções cutâneas e ferimentos por animais venenosos ou traumatizantes. Os proprietários de aquários na maioria das vezes não têm informações sobre estes acidentes. Os autores fornecem as espécies de microorganismos e animais mais freqüentemente envolvidas com ferimentos e as medidas terapêuticas e preventivas adequadas ao manejo do problema.

Sound pressure level in a municipal preschool

Aim: To evaluate the sound pressure level to which preschool students are exposed. Method: This was a prospective, quantitative, nonexperimental, and descriptive study. To achieve the aim of the study we used an audio dosimeter. The sound pressure level (SPL) measurements were obtained for 2 age based classrooms. Preschool I and II. The measurements were obtained over 4 days in 8-hour sessions, totaling 1920 minutes. Results: Compared with established standards, the SPL measured ranged from 40.6 dB (A) to 105.8 dB (A). The frequency spectrum of the SPL was concentrated in the frequency range between 500 Hz and 4000 Hz. The older children produced higher SPLs than the younger ones, and the levels varied according to the activity performed. Painting and writing were the quietest activities, while free activities period and games were the noisiest. Conclusion: The SPLs measured at the preschool were higher and exceeded the maximum permitted level according to the reference standards. Therefore, the implementation of actions that aim to minimize the negative impact of noise in this environment is essential.

Harry Clarke e a literatura: da pintura em vitrais à ilustração de livros

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)