Nos limites do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (MG): políticas públicas direcionadas ao espaço rural

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Caminhos e descaminhos da educação brasileira: um estudo dos problemas que motivam a evasão escolar no Ensino Médio, no município de Franca

Pós-graduação em Planejamento e Análise de Políticas Públicas - FCHS

Avaliação e monitoramento da obesidade em adultos residentes do município de Rio Claro - SP

Obesity is characterized by an excess of fat on the body and can results several problems on the individual health. As an epidemic of modern times, the prevalence started to increase at an accelerated rate from the 90's in worldwide. Data on the epidemic in Brazil and medium-sized cities are scarce, and the monitoring of obesity is essential for development public policy. So, the objective was to analyze the individual factors associated with obesity such as age, gender, education, marital status, economic class and level of physical activity and make a monitoring of obesity in adults in the city of Rio Claro - SP. To do this, the survey was conducted longitudinally, consists of two times at an interval of seven years. At first (2008) were interviewed 1588 adults in the city of Rio Claro distributed throughout the city. At the second phase (2014/2015) was conducted a new interview with the same subject in 1588. In 2008, personal information collected and applied some questionnaires with the physical activity level, food intake and quality of life. To assess obesity in adults was calculated the body mass index (BMI) proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) from the high reported weight and height. For older people it used a specific BMI. The prevalence was used percentages and their respective confidence intervals of 95%. For the incidence, was calculated by the formula of cumulative incidence, both stratified by personal characteristics (gender, economic class, education, marital status and age). Thus it was observed that there was an increase in the prevalence of obesity in 2008 (19.0%), increasing to 26.7% in 2015. The cumulative incidence was 14.4% in the range of 7 years. As for the groups, we observed a significant difference between economic class and obesity being less prevalent among people of class D / E. Regarding marital status, it was observed that married / cohabiting have a higher prevalence. Therefore, we can conclude...

Humanização da saúde: impacto de estratégias lúdicas e anímicas no estado de humor de trabalhadores do SUS

Humanization is a decisive factor for the positive conditions in the work environment related to the health sector, however, few initiatives take into consideration this aspect in different areas of knowledge, including the field of Human Kinetics. Thus, this study, which has a qualitative nature, aimed to identify the mood of employees from Sistema Únicos de Saúde - SUS, using evidences based on experiences of a playful and animistic activities. The study was conducted through bibliographical and exploratory research, using as a tool two-phase data collection the Brunel Questionnaire (BRUMS). Part of this study included an international sample compose of SUS participants from Araras city, having as criteria employees associated with SUS longer than one year. Participants experienced an animistic and recreational activities program and the instrument was applied before and after these experiences. Data was descriptively analyzed through the Thematic Content Analysis Technique. The results showed that the recreational and animistic activities can positively improve the mood of workers in the health sector, indicating the importance of developing new humanization strategies in health ambit. This study suggests new actions in public policy, able to encourage longer or even continuous interventions in the daily journey of health workers

As políticas públicas ambientais e a dinâmica do espaço rural no município de Araras (SP)

Historically the evolution of the occupation of ararense territory was due to the expansion of agricultural activities. Such activities were intensified with the transformations engendered by the Green Revolution, increasing the exploitation, the area occupied by agriculture and the deforestation and consequent environmental degradation. Therefore the current reality of rural areas in Araras/SP has shown that part of agricultural practices made it does not guarantee the effectiveness of environmental legislation and the sustainability of farms. Considering the recently implemented environmental policies, such as Law nº 12.651 / 2012, better known as New Forest Code and Decree nº 8.235 / 2014 establishing a period of one year to rural property registered with the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR), as tools targeting to reduce environmental degradation and contribute to building a sustainable rural development. This work aims to analyze the dynamics of the rural municipality of Araras on the environmental situation in some rural properties and actions to be taken by the owners to the full compliance of its properties before the environmental public policy

Estudo comparativo dos programas de habitação social nas cidades de Franca/Brasil e Praia/Cabo Verde: convergências e discrepâncias

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Políticas de acesso ao cargo de diretor de escola pública da educação básica – novas perspectivas a partir da realidade do município de Franca/SP

Pós-graduação em Planejamento e Análise de Políticas Públicas - FCHS

Políticas públicas de educação profissional: uma análise do PRONATEC com alunos egressos da escola SENAI “Márcio Bagueira Leal”

Pós-graduação em Planejamento e Análise de Políticas Públicas - FCHS

A nova política nacional de desenvolvimento regional: uma análise sobre as estratégias de desenvolvimento territorial para o Brasil

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Strategies and results of the oral cancer prevention campaign among the elderly in Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2001 to 2009

Objective. To describe the strategies and results obtained by the early diagnosis and prevention of an oral cancer campaign targeting the population aged 60 years or older developed since 2001 in the state of Sao Paulo. Methods. The main strategies used to develop the campaign were described based on the review of documents issued by the Health Ministry, National Cancer Institute, Sao Paulo State Health Department, Oncocentro Foundation of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo City Health Department, School of Public Health at the University of Sao Paulo (USP), and Santa Marcelina Health Care Center. The impact of the campaign on the incidence of new cases of oral cancer in the target population was evaluated. Results. In 2001, 90 886 elderly were examined vs. 629 613 in 2009. The following strategies were identified: training of professionals, development of printed materials to guide municipal governments in developing the campaign and using standardized codes and criteria, guidelines for data consolidation, establishment of patient referral flows, practical training with a specialist at the basic health care unit after the follow-up examination of individuals presenting changes in soft tissues, and increase in the number of oral diagnosis services. Between 2005 and 2009, there was a significant reduction in the rate of confirmed cases of oral cancer per 100 000 individuals examined, from 20.89 to 11.12 (P = 0.00003). Conclusions. The campaign was beneficial to the oral health of the elderly and could be extended to include other age groups and regions of the country. It may also provide a basis for the development of oral cancer prevention actions in other countries, as long as local characteristics are taken into account.

A comparative analysis of outpatient costs in HIV treatment programs

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the costs of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) outpatient treatment for individuals with different CD4 cell counts in the Brazilian public health system, and to compare to costs in other national health systems. METHODS: A retrospective survey was conducted in five public outpatient clinics of the Brazilian national HIV program in the city of São Paulo. Data on healthcare services provided for a period of one year of HIV outpatient treatment were gathered from randomly selected medical records. Prices of inputs used were obtained through market research and public sector databases. Information on costs of HIV outpatient treatment in other national health systems were gathered from the literature. Annual costs of HIV outpatient treatment from each country were converted into 2010 U.S. dollars. RESULTS: Annual cost of HIV outpatient treatment for the Brazilian national public program was US$ 2,572.92 in 2006 in São Paulo, ranging from US$ 1,726.19 for patients with CD4 cell count > 500 to US$ 3,693.28 for patients with 51 < CD4 cell count < 200. Antiretrovirals (ARVs) represented approximately 62.0% of annual HIV outpatient costs. Comparing among different health systems during the same period, HIV outpatient treatment presented higher costs in countries where HIV treatment is provided by the private sector. CONCLUSION: The main cost drivers of HIV outpatient treatment in different health systems were: ARVs, other medications, health professional services, and diagnostic exams. Nevertheless, the magnitude of cost drivers varied among HIV outpatient treatment programs due to health system efficiency. The data presented may be a valuable tool for public policy evaluation of HIV treatment programs worldwide.

L'Orientamento politico come fattore di differenziazione delle politiche pubbliche locali: I casi di Modena e Verona

La tesi ha per oggetto lo studio delle politiche pubbliche locali ed in particolare delle politiche sociali che dal 2011 sono diventate politiche esclusivamente territoriali. L’obiettivo è quello di verificare se il differente orientamento politico delle amministrazioni genera politiche differenti. Per verificare le ipotesi si sono scelti 2 Comuni simili sul piano delle variabili socio-economiche, ma guidati da giunte con orientamento politico differente: il Comune di Modena a guida Partito Democratico e il Comune di Verona con un sindaco leghista a capo di una giunta di centro-destra. Nella prima parte vengono esposti ed analizzati i principali paradigmi di studio delle politiche (rational choice, paradigma marxista, economia del benessere, corporativismo e pluralismo, neo-istituzionalismo e paradigma relazionale) e viene presentato il paradigma che verrà utilizzato per l’analisi delle politiche (paradigma relazionale). Per la parte empirica si è proceduto attraverso interviste in profondità effettuate ai due Assessori alle Politiche sociali e ai due Dirigenti comunali dei Comuni e a 18 organizzazioni di Terzo settore impegnate nella costruzione delle politiche e selezionate attraverso la metodologia “a palla di neve”. Sono analizzate le disposizioni normative in materia di politica sociale, sia per la legislazione regionale che per quella comunale. L’analisi dei dati ha verificato l’ipotesi di ricerca nel senso che l’orientamento politico produce politiche differenti per quanto riguarda il rapporto tra Pubblica Amministrazione e Terzo settore. Per Modena si può parlare di una scelta di esternalizzazione dei servizi che si accompagna ad un processo di internalizzazione dei servizi tramite le ASP; a Verona almeno per alcuni settori delle politiche (disabilità e anziani) sono stati realizzati processi di sussidiarietà e di governance. Per la fase di programmazione l’orientamento politico ha meno influenza e la programmazione mostra caratteristiche di tipo “top-down”.

Sicurezza privata e sicurezza partecipata. Le imprese private del settore sicurezza in Italia tra subalternità e sussidirietà

La ricerca esamina il ruolo delle imprese che svolgono attività di sicurezza privata in Italia (oggi definita anche "sussidiaria" o "complementare") in relazione allo sviluppo delle recenti politiche sociali che prevedono il coinvolgimento di privati nella gestione della sicurezza in una prospettiva di community safety. Nel 2008/2009 le politiche pubbliche di sicurezza legate al controllo del territorio hanno prodotto norme con nuovi poteri “di polizia” concessi agli amministratori locali e la previsione di associazione di cittadini per la segnalare eventi dannosi alla sicurezza urbana (“ronde”). Nello stesso periodo è iniziata un’importante riforma del settore della sicurezza privata, ancora in fase di attuazione, che definisce le attività svolte dalle imprese di security, individua le caratteristiche delle imprese e fissa i parametri per la formazione del personale. Il quadro teorico del lavoro esamina i concetti di sicurezza/insicurezza urbana e di società del rischio alla luce delle teorie criminologiche legate alla prevenzione situazionale e sociale e alla community policing. La ricerca sul campo si basa sull’analisi del contenuto di diverse interviste in profondità con esponenti del mondo della sicurezza privata (imprenditori, dirigenti, studiosi). Le interviste hanno fatto emergere che il ruolo della sicurezza privata in Italia risulta fortemente problematico; anche la riforma in corso sulla normativa del settore è considerata con scarso entusiasmo a causa delle difficoltà della congiuntura economica che rischia di compromettere seriamente la crescita. Il mercato della sicurezza in Italia è frastagliato e scarsamente controllato; manca un’azione di coordinamento fra le diverse anime della sicurezza (vigilanza privata, investigazione, facility/security management); persiste una condizione di subalternità e di assenza di collaborazione con il settore pubblico che rende la sicurezza privata relegata in un ruolo marginale, lontano dalle logiche di sussidiarietà.

Essays in policy evaluation

This dissertation consists of three empirical studies that aim at providing new evidence in the field of public policy evaluation. In particular, the first two chapters focus on the effects of the European cohesion policy, while the third chapter assesses the effectiveness of Italian labour market incentives in reducing long-term unemployment. The first study analyses the effect of EU funds on life satisfaction across European regions , under the assumption that projects financed by structural funds in the fields of employment, education, health and environment may affect the overall quality of life in recipient regions. Using regional data from the European Social Survey in 2002-2006, it resorts to a regression discontinuity design, where the discontinuity is provided by the institutional framework of the policy. The second study aims at estimating the impact of large transfers from a centralized authority to a local administration on the incidence of white collar crimes. It merges a unique dataset on crimes committed in Italian municipalities between 2007 and 2011 with information on the disbursement of EU structural funds in 2007-2013 programming period, employing an instrumental variable estimation strategy that exploits the variation in the electoral cycle at local level. The third study analyses the impact of an Italian labour market policy that allowed firms to cut their labour costs on open-ended job contracts when hiring long-term unemployed workers. It takes advantage of a unique dataset that draws information from the unemployment lists in Veneto region and it resorts to a regression discontinuity approach to estimate the effect of the policy on the job finding rate of long-term unemployed workers.

European Union Trade Policy after Enlargement: Larger Crowds, Shifting Priorities and Informal Decision-Making

The article focuses on the effects of Eastern enlargement on EU trade policy-making. On interest constellation, the article makes a case that protectionist forces have been strengthened relative to liberal forces. This slight protectionist turn is mostly witnessed in the area of anti-dumping and with respect to the Doha trade round. On preference aggregation, guided by a principal–agent framework, it is argued that the growth in the number of actors (principals and interest groups) has not constrained the role of the European Commission (agent). However, it has led to an increase in informal processes and has empowered large trading nations vis-a`-vis smaller and less ‘comitology-experienced’ member states.