Reflexões hodiernas sobre o ensino da Arquitectura

A Arquitectura não se ensina: aprende-se. Não há método ou métodos seguros para o ensino do projecto. A Arquitectura não se explica, exprime-se. Tudo isto é verdade e tudo isto não passa de um conjunto de redundantes lugares comuns. Sejamos práticos: há questões básicas que se podem ensinar em Arquitectura: a sua história, os processos construtivos (tectónica, equilíbrio, estrutura), os processos gráficos de representação: o desenho técnico e o desenho de expressão; meios e métodos de composição, etc., etc. Não há métodos seguros, não há valores definitivos, mas há métodos e há meios irrecusáveis.

O ensino da Arquitectura e a formação do arquitecto

Reflexão analítica diacrónica sobre o ensino e as pedagógicas da Arquitectura e o seu processo de profissionalização.

Arquitectura Sustentável: Oportunidades e Desafios

Revista Lusófona de Arquitectura e Educação

Enquadramento dos sistemas ERP numa arquitectura SOA: caso de estudo SAP® NetWeaver

Neste trabalho, propõe-se estudar o enquadramento dos Sistemas Integrados de Gestão Empresarial (Enterprise Resource Planning – ERP) numa Arquitectura Orientada a Serviços (Service Oriented Architecture – SOA) e quais os benefícios que podem ser obtidos no desenvolvimento de novas aplicações e integração com outros Sistemas de Informação (SI). Propõe-se fazer um levantamento da evolução e do estado da arte dos sistemas ERP e da arquitectura SOA. Para ter uma visão concreta, escolheu-se analisar um sistema ERP específico, o ERP da SAP e a plataforma tecnológica em que assenta, o SAP NetWeaver. Que estratégia tem sido seguida pelos principais fabricantes de sistemas ERPs, para enquadrar os seus sistemas ERP numa arquitectura SOA? Finalmente avalia-se o conceito de aplicação composta (Composite Application) baseada na arquitectura SOA, através da utilização de um Ambiente Integrado de Composição (Integrated Composition Environment – ICE). A plataforma utilizada para essa avaliação é o SAP NetWeaver Composition Enviroment (CE). Mais especificamente, desenvolve-se uma aplicação composta, resultante da combinação de serviços expostos pelo sistema ERP da SAP (enterprise services) e um Web Service instalado noutra plataforma.

iTV PREFARC: Arquitectura de recomendações iTV

No presente trabalho é proposta uma arquitectura, assim como a concepção e implementação de um PoC, de um sistema de recomendações flexível que permite integrar novos modelos de negócio relacionados ao longo do tempo. O PoC implementado é vocacionado para a problemática da televisão interactiva e, mais concretamente, para o excesso de informação com que os utilizadores se deparam diariamente. Este sistema, denominado de iTV PREFARC, permite processar, de forma massiva, a informação de EPG, integrando-a para posterior processamento no motor de recomendações. Disponibiliza também funcionalidades para classificar os itens presentes no sistema (programas televisivos, vídeos, etc.), e obter as recomendações calculadas pelo sistema. A interacção com os consumidores do sistema é sempre feita através de serviços Web. São também abordados cenários de aplicação que permitem atestar a utilidade do sistema, demonstrando simultaneamente como interagem os diferentes componentes.

Performance management in health centres: evidence from a field study

There has been a growing interest in research on performance measurement and management practices, which seems to reflect researchers’ response to calls for the need to increase the relevance of management accounting research. However, despite the development of the new public management literature, studies involving public sector organizations are relatively small compared to those involving business organizations and extremely limited when it comes to public primary health care organizations. Yet, the economic significance of public health care organizations in the economy of developed countries and the criticisms these organizations regularly face from the public suggests there is a need for research. This is particularly true in the case of research that may lead to improvement in performance measurement and management practices and ultimately to improvements in the way health care organizations use their limited resources in the provision of services to the communities. This study reports on a field study involving three public primary health care organisations. The evidence obtained from interviews and archival data suggests a performance management practices in these institutions lacked consistency and coherence, potentially leading to decreased performance. Hierarchical controls seemed to be very weak and accountability limited, leading to a lack of direction, low motivation and, in some circumstances to insufficient managerial abilities and skills. Also, the performance management systems revealed a number of weaknesses, which suggests that there are various opportunities for improvement in performance in the studied organisations.

Using an ambient intelligent architecture for developing an intelligent tutoring system for training operators of power system control centres

This paper describes an architecture conceived to integrate Power Sys-tems tools in a Power System Control Centre, based on an Ambient Intelligent (AmI) paradigm. This architecture is an instantiation of the generic architecture proposed in [1] for developing systems that interact with AmI environments. This architecture has been proposed as a consequence of a methodology for the inclu-sion of Artificial Intelligence in AmI environments (ISyRAmI - Intelligent Sys-tems Research for Ambient Intelligence). The architecture presented in the paper will be able to integrate two applications in the control room of a power system transmission network. The first is SPARSE expert system, used to get diagnosis of incidents and to support power restoration. The second application is an Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) incorporating two training tools. The first tutoring tool is used to train operators to get the diagnosis of incidents. The second one is another tutoring tool used to train operators to perform restoration procedures.

Cyber-ambient intelligent training of operators in power systems control centres

Cyber-Physical Systems and Ambient Intelligence are two of the most important and emerging paradigms of our days. The introduction of renewable sources gave origin to a completely different dimension of the distribution generation problem. On the other hand, Electricity Markets introduced a different dimension in the complexity, the economic dimension. Our goal is to study how to proceed with the Intelligent Training of Operators in Power Systems Control Centres, considering the new reality of Renewable Sources, Distributed Generation, and Electricity Markets, under the emerging paradigms of Cyber-Physical Systems and Ambient Intelligence. We propose Intelligent Tutoring Systems as the approach to deal with the intelligent training of operators in these new circumstances.

An intelligent tutoring system for operators’ training in power system control centres

The activity of Control Center operators is important to guarantee the effective performance of Power Systems. Operators’ actions are crucial to deal with incidents, especially severe faults, like blackouts. In this paper we present an Intelligent Tutoring approach for training Portuguese Control Centre operators in tasks like incident analysis and diagnosis, and service restoration of Power Systems. Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) approach is used in the training of the operators, taking into account context awareness and the unobtrusive integration in the working environment.

Intelligent training in control centres based on an ambient intelligence paradigm

This article describes a new approach in the Intelligent Training of Operators in Power Systems Control Centres, considering the new reality of Renewable Sources, Distributed Generation, and Electricity Markets, under the emerging paradigms of Cyber-Physical Systems and Ambient Intelligence. We propose Intelligent Tutoring Systems as the approach to deal with the intelligent training of operators in these new circumstances.