Desafios do Programa HIPERDIA e implicações para a enfermagem

INTRODUÇÃO: O Programa HIPERDIA foi implantado em 2001 na atenção básica devido à gravidade epidemiológica da Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) e o Diabetes Mellitus (DM), afecções que podem acarretar sérias complicações incutindo limitações e sofrimento na vida de seus portadores e suas famílias. Nesse contexto, ressalte-se a importância da prevenção primária dessas afecções e de suas complicações. Passado mais de uma década de sua implementação, cabe refletir acerca do impacto nas condições de saúde que o Programa tem gerado entre seus usuários. OBJETIVOS: Elucidar os princípios, a filosofia e a política norteadora do Programa HIPERDIA do Ministério da Saúde (MS); descrever como funciona o atendimento do usuário pela equipe de saúde de um Programa HIPERDIA; explorar os comportamentos de vida e saúde demonstrados pelos usuários do HIPERDIA após sua inserção no Programa. DESCRIÇÃO METODOLÓGICA: Trata-se de um Estudo de Caso segundo Yin (2010) cujo objeto de estudo foi um Programa HIPERDIA executado numa Unidade Básica de Saúde da periferia de Belém-PA. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista com usuários, equipe e gestores do Programa, além da observação direta do campo, consulta de prontuários e da documentação oficial do MS. A análise dos dados obtidos foi feita por meio da estratégia analítica “Contando com Proposições Teóricas” e da técnica analítica “Combinação de Padrão”. RESULTADOS: A precarização da gestão do Programa HIPERDIA ilustrada por deficiências na infraestrutura, insumos, medicamentos e fragilidades na rede de referência e contrarreferência, a demanda espontânea excessiva que sobrecarrega a equipe de saúde alocada em número insuficiente e o contexto de pobreza e violência urbana em que os usuários vivem contribuem para a baixa adesão ao regime terapêutico e limitam a equipe em sua atuação interdisciplinar e integral. Ademais, o modelo de atenção vigente é pautado no tradicional, baseado em consultas e prescrições e que não tem se demonstrado suficiente para atender integralmente às necessidades de atenção ao portador de condição crônica, que requer cuidados prolongados com adoção de estilos de vida mais condizentes e saudáveis. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Grandes desafios se desenham diante dos dados emergidos deste estudo e envolvem ações macrogovernamentais e intersetoriais que promovam melhorias nas condições de vida da população o que requer vontade política para investimento dos recursos necessários. Não obstante a isso, a enfermagem pode dar sua contribuição promovendo cuidado cultural e ações de autocuidado, personalizando o plano de ação e trazendo a corresponsabilidade do usuário e sua família na melhoria de sua condição de saúde.

Produção do espaço e gestão hídrica na Bacia do Rio Paraibuna (MG-RJ): uma análise crítica

Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT

Radiographic study of dental anomalies in brazilian patients with neuropsychomotor disorders

The purposes of this study were to investigate radiographically the dental and maxillomandibular in patients with neuropsychomotor disorders and determine the role of panoramic radiographs for quantitative and qualitative analyses of dental alterations. A total of 322 panoramic radiographs from 190 males and 132 females aged 4 to 57 years were obtained from the files of the Center for Care to Patients with Special Needs (CAPE; Dental School, University of São Paulo) and subdivided into syndromes, special needs, neurological, neuromuscular or cerebral disorders, and sequels of diseases. 32% of dental alterations were in tooth position, with 69% of this group associated with tooth rotation. The mandible accounted for 54.62% of alterations. The male gender (55.85%) and the permanent dentition (78.7%) were most affected. Panoramic radiographs were proved to be well suited for quantitative evaluation of dental anomalies of epidemiological nature. Panoramic radiographs are important diagnostic resources when applied to patients with special needs because of the difficulty to place intraoral films and held them correctly positioned during the radiographic technique.

Avaliação dos óbitos neonatais no Departamento Regional de Saúde VI - Bauru

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Cuidado integral ao recém-nascido de muito baixo peso: representações de familiares e enfermeiros

Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

Diabete e gravidez: estudo prospectivo do custo benefício da hospilização comparado com atenção ambulatorial

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Substituição do diesel usado nos queimadores industriais por álcool combustível

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Qualidade de vida em mulheres no climatério atendidas na atenção básica de Promissão-SP

Pós-graduação em Enfermagem (mestrado profissional) - FMB

Sobrepeso pré-gestacional associa-se a ganho ponderal excessivo na gestação

PURPOSE: To evaluate the adequacy of gestational weight gain and to determine its association with maternal socioeconomic, demographic and nutritional factors and health care, to estimate the prevalence of low birth weight, macrosomia, preterm birth and cesarean delivery and to identify the association of these outcomes with the adequacy of weight gain. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed in 2009/2010 to obtain socioeconomic, demographic, nutritional, dietary and physical activity data of pregnant women assisted by primary health care in a municipality of the state of São Paulo. Subsequently, data were collected from the medical records to evaluate gestational weight gain. Type of delivery, birth weight and gestational age at delivery were obtained from the Livebirths Information System. Gestational weight gain was evaluated according to the recommendations of the Institute of Medicine (2009). Associations were investigated by comparing the frequencies and by logistic regression, with excessive weight gain (yes, no) and insufficient gain (yes, no) being the dependent variables. RESULTS: A total of 212 pregnant women were studied: 50.5% had excessive gain and 19.8% insufficient weight gain. Only prepregnancy nutritional status was associated with adequacy of weight gain: compared with normal weight, prepregnancy overweight women had a four-fold higher chance to gain excessive weight (OR 4.66, 95%CI 2.19-9.4). Nearly a third of babies were born by caesarian section, 5.7% were premature, 7.1% were underweight and 4.7% were macrosomic. There was no association between adequacy of gestational weight gain and these outcomes. CONCLUSION: The proportion of inadequate gestational weight gain was high. Overweight pregnant women have a four-fold higher chance to gain excessive weight, and priority should be given to actions promoting adequate prenatal weight gain.

Experiência discente com o cuidado a paciente portador de Epidermodisplasia Verruciforme

Report of an experience of nursing students in providing care to a patient with epidermodysplasia verruciformis, during the internship in the discipline Nursing in Transmittable Diseases, at the dermatology ward of a teaching hospital, located in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, in 2009. This is a rare genodermatosis, susceptible to infection with different types of human papilloma viruses, that cause exacerbated physical changes that impact the psyche of the affected individual. Care delivery was based on the assistance complexity indicated by the application of the Patient Classification System proposed by Perroca. The experience allowed students to learn how to cope with a patient affected by a rare and complex disease, of difficult resolution, and to provide integral care to this individual, perceiving him beyond the lesions. One conclude that the experience has greatly contributed to the growth of the students as future professionals.

Factors associated with the prevalence of hypertension and control practices among elderly residents of São Paulo city, Brazil

The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of hypertension and control practices among the elderly. The survey analyzed data from 872 elderly people in São Paulo, Brazil, through a cluster sampling, stratified according to education and income. A Poisson multiple regression model checked for the existence of factors associated with hypertension. The prevalence of self-reported hypertension among the elderly was 46.9%. Variables associated with hypertension were self-rated health, alcohol consumption, gender, and hospitalization in the last year, regardless of age. The three most common measures taken to control hypertension, but only rarely, are oral medication, routine salt-free diet and physical activity. Lifestyle and socioeconomic status did not affect the practice of control, but knowledge about the importance of physical activity was higher among those older people with higher education and greater income. The research suggests that health policies that focus on primary care to encourage lifestyle changes among the elderly are necessary.

A influência da demanda espontânia na (des)caracterização do processo de trabalho na estratégia saúde da família

Pós-graduação em Enfermagem (mestrado profissional) - FMB

O núcleo de apoio à saúde da família (NASF) como mobilizador da práxis psicossocial

Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS

O gênero masculino e os cuidados de saúde: a experiência de homens de um centro de saúde

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Cuidado ao paciente idoso hospitalizado: implicações para a equipe de enfermagem

The Brazilian population is ageing rapidly, and chronic diseases have increased. Due to deficient health care services, the diagnosis and treatment of such diseases occur in the tertiary level, which increases costs and reduces the possibilities of early diagnoses. In view of the elderly population‟s increase and of the great demand at hospitalization units, it is important to learn about the difficulties and facilities faced by nursing teams when giving care to hospitalized individuals. In order to reach the objectives, a cross-sectional, prospective, descriptive, analytical and qualitative study was performed with basis on Bardin‟s Content Analysis. Among the difficulties were patients‟ limitations, dependence level, behaviors and habits, interference from companions, feeling of abandonment, perception of needs, dealing with suffering and lack of time for adequate care. As to facilities, acceptance of the disease, adherence to treatment, collaboration, trust in the team, and older patients‟ politeness were reported, which shows that passiveness is an important indicator in caring for the elderly. Older individuals suffer the outcomes of certain physical, psychological and mental deficits. When facing disease conditions, they require special care, including hospitalization and greater attention. The nursing team provides daily care and follows patients‟ development; however, its members are still not knowledgeable enough about the ageing process. This contributes to increase prejudice and erroneous stereotypes about older persons. Therefore, not understanding such process compromises the full care to be provided to older patients. This leads team members to accelerate the care provision process in order to meet the daily work demand, thus compromising older patients‟ autonomy and making them more dependent on the team, whereas the process should follow the opposite path