996 resultados para 334-U1381A


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Helium, neon and argon isotope compositions of fluid inclusions have been measured in massive sulfide samples from the Jade hydrothermal field in the central Okinawa Trough. Fluid-inclusion He-3/He-4 ratios are between 6.2 and 10.1 times the air value (Ra), and with a mean of 7.8Ra, which are consistent with the mid-ocean ridge basalt values [He-3/He-4 approximate to (6Rasimilar to 11Ra)]. Values for Ne-20/Ne-22 are from 10.7 to 11.3, which are significantly higher than the atmospheric ratio (9.8). And the fluid-inclusion Ar-40/Ar-36 ratios range from 287 to 334, which are close to the atmosperic values (295.5). These results indicate that the noble gases of trapped hydrothermal fluids in massive sulfides are a mixture of mantle- and seawater-derived components, and the helium of fluid inclusions is mainly from mantle, the nelium and argon isotope compositions are mainly from seawater.

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Rossby waves are the most important waves in the atmosphere and ocean, and are parts of a large-scale system in fluid. The theory and observation show that, they satisfy quasi-geostrophic and quasi-static equilibrium approximations. In this paper, solitary Rossby waves induced by linear topography in barotropic fluids with a shear flow are studied. In order to simplify the problem, the topography is taken as a linear function of latitude variable y, then employing a weakly nonlinear method and a perturbation method, a KdV (Korteweg-de Vries) equation describing evolution of the amplitude of solitary Rossby waves induced by linear topography is derived. The results show that the variation of linear topography can induce the solitary Rossby waves in barotropic fluids with a shear flow, and extend the classical geophysical theory of fluid dynamics.

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中华绒螯蟹是我国重要的水产经济动物,近年来养殖规模不断扩大,产量持续增加。但是,伴随着养殖规模的扩大,养殖环境也日益恶化并导致了大量疾病的发生,严重制约了中华绒螯蟹养殖业的健康发展。因此,疾病预防和控制对中华绒螯蟹养殖业的可持续发展具有举足轻重的作用。与其他无脊椎动物一样,中华绒螯蟹的免疫系统没有免疫球蛋白和淋巴细胞,而是依靠由细胞免疫和体液免疫构成的固有免疫系统来对病原进行识别和清除。中华绒螯蟹的固有免疫机制的研究有助于推动中华绒螯蟹病害防治工作的开展。 本研究采用大规模EST测序方法,结合末端快速扩增(rapid amplification of cDNA ends,RACE)技术从中华绒螯蟹血淋巴中克隆到了过氧化物还原酶(peroxiredoxin,EsPrx6)和硫氧还蛋白(thioredoxin,EsTrx1)基因的cDNA 全长序列;采用实时荧光定量PCR 技术检测了这两个基因在健康个体中表达的组织分布情况以及鳗弧菌刺激后血淋巴细胞中的时序表达规律;同时,将这两个基因的编码区克隆到pET 系列载体,并在大肠杆菌中实现了重组表达,并进行了体外活性检测。 过氧化物还原酶是一个抗氧化蛋白超家族,在保护机体免受活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)的伤害中发挥着重要作用。中华绒螯蟹Prx6(EsPrx6) 基因的cDNA 全长为1076 bp,5` UTR(untranslated region,UTR) 为69 bp,3` UTR 为347 bp,开放阅读框(open reading frame,ORF)为660 bp,编码219 个氨基酸的蛋白。mRNA 3`-端具有多聚腺苷酸加尾信号(polyadenylation signal)AATAAA 和polyA 尾巴。EsPrx6 的预测分子量为 24 kDa,理论等电点为6.21,具有一个保守的Prx 结构域、一个AhpC 结构域和过氧化物酶催化活性中心PVCTTE,表明EsPrx6 属于1-Cys 型Prx。在所检测的组织中均有EsPrx6 的表达,其中以肝胰腺表达量最高,为血淋巴细胞中表达量的17.4 倍。鳗弧菌刺激后,血淋巴细胞中EsPrx6 的表达下降,到12 h 时,实验组显著低于对照组(P<0.05);随时间推移,表达水平逐渐回升,但在整个实验期间,都没有恢复到起始水平。将EsPrx6 进行体外重组并在大肠杆菌E. coli BL21(DE3)中实现表达,重组EsPrx6 具有预期的抗氧化活性和过氧化物酶活性,其中抗氧化活力为14.69 U/mg 蛋白,高于相同条件下GSH 的抗氧化力(P<0.05),过氧化物酶活力为23.46 U/mg 蛋白。结果表明,EsPrx6 作为一种重要的抗氧化剂,在中华绒螯蟹抵御ROS 可能引起的氧化损伤方面具有重要作用。 硫氧还蛋白是广泛存在于生物体内的一种具有硫醇依赖性的具有还原活性的蛋白。中华绒螯蟹Trx1(EsTrx1)基因的cDNA 全长为641 bp,5` UTR 为17 bp,3` UTR 为306 bp,开放阅读框为318 bp,编码105 个氨基酸。EsTrx1 的预测分子量为12.2 kDa,理论等电点为4.8。EsTrx1 不含信号肽,其氨基酸序列与其他动物的Trx1s 具有高度相似性,如与地中海黄蝎的Trx1 相似度达到73%;而与其他物种Trx2 的同源性很低,相似度仅为14.3-22.8%,表明EsTrx1 属于Trx1 亚族。实时荧光定量PCR 检测发现,EsTrx1 在鳃、性腺、肝胰腺、肌肉、心脏和血淋巴细胞中都有表达。血淋巴细胞中EsTrx1 mRNA 的表达量在菌刺激后上升,刺激后6 h,实验组表达量显著高于对照组和空白组(P<0.05),然后逐渐恢复到刺激前水平。为进一步探讨其生物学功能,将EsTrx1 进行体外重组并在大肠杆菌E. coli BL21(DE3)得到表达,重组EsTrx1 具有预期的氧化还原调节活性,抗氧化活力为3.06 U/mg,且抗氧化活力高于GSH(P<0.05)。rEsTrx1 的二硫键还原活力为5.03,低于凡纳滨对虾的二硫键还原活力(10.44),接近于大肠杆菌(4.93),小牛胸腺(6.50)和小牛肝脏(5.09),而高于鲍鱼Trx2(1.83)活力。结果表明,EsTrx1 在生理条件下能够作为一种重要的抗氧化剂,参与对细菌感染的免疫应答反应。

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A shellfish toxin investigation along the Chinese coast has recently been conducted using both HPLC and mouse assay methods. The results showed that DSP was widely distributed in different shellfish species in China. 26 out of 89 samples had DTX1 (dinophysistoxin-1) or OA (okadaic acid) but the DSP content in most shellfish samples did not reach the regulatory limit for human consumption adopted in many countries (20 mu g/100 g soft tissue). PSP was also found in 5 out of 96 samples along the coast. One sample, Chlamys nobilis from Hong Kong contained high levels of PSP (320 mu g STX equivalent/100 g soft tissue), compared to the regulatory limit (80 mu g STX equivalent/100 g soft tissue). After the recent outbreak of red tide in Hong Kong waters, three further shellfish samples were collected within 40 days to investigate the impacts of this event, It was shown that high levels of PSP continued to exist in Hong Kong waters. This report provides the first report of DSP and PSP distribution along the Chinese coast. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd, All rights reserved.

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Chitosan (CS) with two different molecular weights was modified by reacting with 4-hydroxyl-5-chloride-1,3-benzene-disulfo-chloride or 2-hydroxyl-5-chloride-1,3-benzene-disulfo-chloride to give new 2-(4(or 2)-hydroxyl-5-chloride-1,3-benzene-di-sulfanimide)-chitosan (2-HCBSAHCS, 2-HCBSALCS, 4-HCBSAHCS, 4-HCBSALCS). The structure of the derivatives was characterized by FT-IR and C-13 NMR spectroscopy. The antioxidant activities of the derivatives were investigated employing various established systems, such as hydroxyl radical ((OH)-O-center dot)/superoxide anion (O-2(radical anion)) scavenging/reducing power and chelating activity. All the derivatives showed stronger scavenging activity on hydroxyl radical than chitosan and ascorbic acid (Vc), and IC50 of 4-HCBSAHCS, 4-HCBSALCS, 2-HCBSAHCS and 2-HCBSALCS was 0.334, 0.302, 0.442, 0.346 mg/mL, respectively. The inhibitory activities of the derivatives toward superoxide radical by the PMS-NADH system were strong. The results showed that the superoxide radical scavenging effect of 2-(4(or 2)-hydroxyl-5-chloride-1,3-benzene-disulfanimide)-chitosan was higher than chitosan. The derivatives had obviously reducing power and slight chelating activity. The data obtained in in vitro models clearly establish the antioxidant potency of 2-(4(or 2)-hydroxyl-5-chloride-1,3-benzene-disulfanimide)-chitosan. (C) 2007 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

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应用紫外分光光度法,对青海10个不同产地的五脉绿绒蒿样品总生物碱含量测定,结果显示,不同产地的总生物碱含量为0.0262%~0.0788%,平均0.0502%,与分布海拔呈正相关,与分布纬度无显著关联.

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分析牦牛放牧强度对小嵩草(Kobrecia parva)高寒草甸生物量和群落结构的影响。结果表明:优良牧草比例和牦牛个体增重的年度变化呈正相关;在牦牛放牧条件下,优良牧草比例年度变化是评价小嵩草高寒草甸放牧价值的直接度量指标;而相似性系数和草地质量指数的变化与牦牛生产力没有明显的联系,只能指示植物群落整体的相对变化程度;当放牧强度为1.86头/hm^2时,能维持优良牧草比例和牦牛年度增重,是保持小嵩草高寒草甸不退化的适宜放牧强度。

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In this paper, the adsorption of Ag+ and hydrated Ag+ cations on clean Si(111) surface were investigated by using cluster (Gaussian 03) and periodic (DMol(3)) ab initio calculations. Si(111) surface was described with cluster models (Si14H17 and Si22H21) and a four-silicon layer slab with periodic boundary conditions. The effect of basis set superposition error (BSSE) was taken into account by applying the counterpoise correction. The calculated results indicated that the binding energies between hydrated Ag+ cations and clean Si(111) surface are large, suggesting a strong interaction between hydrated Ag+ cations and the semiconductor surface. With the increase of number, water molecules form hydrogen bond network with one another and only one water molecule binds directly to the Ag+ cation. The Ag+ cation in aqueous solution will safely attach to the clean Si(111) surface.

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本文提出一种基于遗传算法的轨迹规划方法,以解决操作臂的动态轨迹优化问题,并且结合智能发育的方法进行学习和训练,以保证算法的实时性,较好的解决了操作臂的实时轨迹规划问题。

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遥控水下机器人( ROV )工作在未知的不确定的复杂海洋环境中,其机械部件和控制系统极易出现故障。推进器是ROV的动力装置,对ROV完成水下作业,顺利回收起着至关重要的作用。推进器经常受到水草、异物的干扰而损坏,同时其内部的机械和电子组件也因老化、发热、受力而容易损坏,因此推进系统故障是ROV经常发生的故障之一。故障检测是提高其推进系统可靠性的重要环节,为ROV的容错控制和紧急回收等应急措施提供科学依据。ROV的容错控制对提高ROV的可靠性和机动性有着重要的意义。 针对ROV推进系统的特点,本文研究了ROV推进系统的系统辨识,故障检测和容错控制问题。 本文给出了一种基于控制量输入的ROV模型辨识方法,减小了辨识的工作量。该模型以螺旋桨驱动电机的电压控制量为输入,以各个自由度的运动状态为输出,不需进行螺旋桨推力标定。针对这种辨识方式,本文给出一种ROV系统辨识的非线性模型和简化的线性模型,对于相应的模型设计了辨识方法。通过实验验证了模型和方法的有效性。 针对ROV的故障检测问题,给出基于模型与推进电机电流的故障检测方法,设计了故障检测策略,实现对故障的分离和定位。通过模拟故障实验验证了方法的有效性。 针对ROV推进系统容错控制分配问题,本文提出了基于SVD分解(奇异值分解)与定点分配的混合算法。与传统的方法相比,它回避了求伪逆矩阵的问题,减小了计算量;能够满足推进器饱和约束限制。利用水下实验平台的推进系统模型进行了仿真实验,验证了算法的正确性和有效性。

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新疆阿尔泰可可托海3号伟晶岩脉磷灰石矿物中稀土元素(REE)和其他微量元素的ICP-MS分析结果表明,Y/Ho,Zr/Hf和Nb/Ta明显偏离球粒陨石中对应的比值,并存在显著的REE“四分组效应”,REE“四分组效应”量化特征参数TE3,4主要与Y/Ho,Nb/Ta分异程度有关,与δEu负异常演化程度相一致,锰铝榴石也呈现REE“四分组效应”和Y/Ho,Nb/Ta显著分异,指示REE“四分组效应”是形成伟晶岩熔体的一个基本特征,并不是由富LREE矿物(如独居石)和富HREE矿物(如四榴子石)结晶引起的残余熔体REE含量的异常变化,其机制可能是富F,B和P的过铝质窝本与含水流体间相互作用,REE在流体相/熔体相的分配受温度,压力和流体相组成复合控制的综合结果。

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利用薄片观察、X射线粉晶衍射分析和化学分析方法研究了广西凭祥英安岩风化剖面的形成作用。风化作用初期,母岩中微量黄铁矿的氧化分解导致方解石与绿泥石的迅速分解;风化中期形成了大量的高岭石、伊利石、蒙脱石和蛭石;风化作用高级阶段以高岭石、石英和氧化铁矿物的富集为特征,但仍然存在少量蒙脱石、伊利石和蛭石。风化剖面的部分层段显示出与剖面其他部分明显不同的地球化学特征,即Na的富集和K的亏损。在Al2O3-(CaO+Na2O)-K2O三角图上,风化中期这些层段明显偏离了正常的风化趋势。矿物学和微形貌的研究表明,造成偏离的原因是古地下水引起的正长石的钠长石化作用。

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采用多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(MC-ICP-Ms)对喀斯特高原湖泊红枫湖、阿哈湖水体及其主要支流水体悬浮物和一些生物样品中的锌同位素进行了测定,测试精度小于0.11%。(2SD)。结果显示,红枫湖水体与其主要支流水体悬浮物中的δ^66Zn变化范围分别为-0.29‰~0.26‰和-0.04‰~0.48‰,阿哈湖水体与其主要支流水体悬浮物中的δ^66Zn变化范围分别为-0.18‰~0.27‰和-0.17‰~0.46‰,均表现出支流中的锌同位素组成较重的特点。两湖生物样品中的δ^66Zn变化范围较大,为-0.35‰~0.57‰,说明湖泊生态系统中各端员的锌同位素组成存在一定差异。根据同位素组成分析,湖泊主要入湖河流及所携带的陆源物质是阿哈湖?白水体中锌的主要来源,锌同位素是一种较好的物源示踪工具。红枫湖夏季δ^66Zn与Chla(叶绿素)呈显著的正相关(R=0. 97),主要是藻类对锌的有机吸附和吸收过程导致锌同位素组成发生变化。此外,湖泊水体悬浮物中的锌同位素组成均在夏季较轻,表明大气的干湿沉降可能是一个较负的锌同位素源。水体悬浮物中的δ^66Zn变化范围小于生物样品中的δ^66Zn变化范围,说明由于生物作用过程导致的锌同位素分馏大于非生物过程.

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中国南方早震旦世大塘坡期锰矿的形成一直存在热水成因、生物成因、或化学成因的争议。本文通过对贵州松桃早震旦世大塘坡期锰矿的碳、硫同位素和藻类化石的研究,认为早震旦世大塘坡期锰矿的成因是在700-695Ma全球性Sturtian冰期后,由于大气中含有很高的CO2与海洋中的Ca2+, Mn2+反应,造成大量CaCO3和MnCO3快速沉淀,形成“碳酸盐岩帽”(碳酸锰)所致。同时,对大塘坡组藻类化石研究表明,在含锰矿的层位,藻类化石很少,而锰矿层上下,微体藻类化石都很丰富,这说明锰矿成矿与藻类关系并不那么密切。

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前人侧重于对墨江金矿床含金石英脉的地质、地球化学和形成作用的研究,而对其含矿硅质岩研究较少。深入研究含矿硅质岩的成因和沉积环境,对认识墨江金矿的成矿规律有重要作用。本文主要讨论墨江金矿床含矿硅质岩的稀土元素特征及其意义。