“La historia de Chacalón”. Mito e identidades populares en Lima, Perú, al finalizar el siglo XX a través de un cómic

La presente investigación examina la forma en que, a través del cómic titulado “La Historia de Chacalón”, se expresa el mito del progreso y la manera en que éste se relaciona con un grupo social determinado. Adicionalmente, busca conocer el modo en que la industria cultural chichera ha contribuido a hacer del cantante Lorenzo Palacios Quispe, “Chacalón”, un héroe popular. Este trabajo también se interesa por entender cuál ha sido el papel de este personaje en la construcción del mito que le rodeó. Con estos fines se analiza la mencionada historieta y se la vincula con los diversos aspectos que implica el desarrollo de la “música chicha” en Lima, Perú, al finalizar el siglo XX.

Incidencia del voluntariado en el caso: Las Iguanas y recintos aledaños, parroquia Guale, cantón Paján, Provincia de Manabí

La Investigación de Tesis a continuación presentada, gira en torno a la evaluación de la incidencia del voluntariado de la Fundación de Asistencia Social Madre Dolorosa (FASMAD) y el Servicio Ignaciano de Voluntariado (SIGVOL), en la comunidad de Las Iguanas y recintos aledañ.os, pertenecientes a la Parroquia Guale, Cantón Paján, Provincia de Manabí. El trabajo aborda la discusión teórica e interrelación de tres ejes fundamentales: el Tercer Sector, el Voluntariado y los principios de Desarrollo Comunitario y Economía Solidaria. Con el fin de contextualizar el estudio de caso de la presente investigación, se realiza el análisis de la situación Socio Económica del Ecuador en la última década y la Situación Económica y Social de Las Iguanas y los recintos aledañ.os al 2001. La investigación de campo, permite evaluar el proyecto comunitario y los resultados generados a partir del trabajo de voluntariado de F ASMAD y SIGVOL en la zona, validando así, los principios del modelo de desarrollo comunitario. De esta manera se presenta al voluntariado como una herramienta de desarrollo, y que a través del caso puntual investigado, se posiciona como una alternativa válida en la construcción de sociedades más justas y equitativas.

Análisis sobre la importancia de construir un Régimen Internacional de Defensa del Consumidor. El caso ecuatoriano frente a Colombia y Perú: la vulnerabilidad e indefección del consumidor global, analizado desde las relaciones internacionales

Este trabajo de investigación, pretende presentar al consumidor global, como un grupo vulnerable y en estado de indefensión en un escenario internacional, donde parece imperar el poder de las transnacionales y el rol limitado del estadose ha sentido incapaz de reaccionar, ante los atropellos y daños que los consumidores atraviesan en un mercado global. La globalización neoliberal que surge desde finales de los años 70’s del pasado siglo XX, ha producido cambios en el ámbito internacional, tanto en el orden económico, político, cultural, ambiental, tecnológico y social. La globalización a su vez ha establecido un cambio en el rol de las compañías transnacionales y el ingreso de la sociedad civil global, al plano internacional. Los primeros ostentan un gran poder y organización frente a los segundos quienes están tratando de ingresar recién a los espacios internacionales de toma de decisiones. A través de la investigación, que se basa en su gran mayoría en las posiciones teóricas, puesto que la base empírica es limitada, sin embargo, se enfatiza, con ejemplos reales el verdadero entorno y se busca demostrar como el consumidor desde el siglo XX hasta la actualidad, está trabajando arduamente para que sus derechos sean considerados y reconocidos, primero dentro de la agenda nacional, luego regional y comunitario y en este momento se esfuerzan por la construcción de una defensa de tipo mundial.

Crecimiento económico e inclusión social: la experiencia peruana reciente y el nuevo gobierno constitucional (Coyuntura)

El Perú está en un buen camino de crecimiento y de inclusión social; en la experiencia peruana se está demostrando que ambos objetivos pueden marchar complementaria y convergentemente. En las próximas décadas los esfuerzos deberán orientarse a las reformas de segunda y de tercera generación y al incremento de la eficiencia y competitividad.

Medios y política en el Perú, estudio de caso del diario El Comercio en las elecciones del año 2011

Esta tesis ha intentado describir cómo se construyen y estructuran los discursos mediáticos sobre la política. Ha buscado evidenciar la forma en que los medios moldean el discurso político, usando para ello el poder económico y social, pero sobre todo el simbólico con el que cuentan. Se ha tomado como estudio de caso al diario El Comercio del Perú durante la última campaña electoral realizada en el año 2011, en razón de que este medio lidera el más poderoso conglomerado mediático de ese país. En esta investigación se hace un análisis interpretativo de los titulares y los artículos editoriales en la perspectiva del análisis crítico e histórico del discurso, lo cual permite visibilizar cómo a través de prácticas discursivas opera el poder mediático.

'Public Sculpture (The Social)' 2010

Commisssioned by Frieze Art for the Frieze Sculpture Park The project presents the image of a sculpture as a sculpture, installed in the form of a large scale digital print on vinyl stretched over a 14 x 28ft (4.2 x 8.4m) stretcher supported by a scaffolding structure. The image itself depicts a futuristic public sculpture, an ‘impossible’ artwork, referencing Ballard’s descriptions in his book ‘Vermillion Sands’. The work also draws upon examples of rococo ornamentation and the compositional conventions of ‘images of sculpture’ (in art magazines, catalogues, publicity photos) including examples sited in Regents park in previous years. Technical details: The image is printed on vinyl, stretched over a 14 x 28ft (4.2 x 8.4m) wooden stretcher and fixed to a deep buttressed scaffold 8m long by 6.23 deep with IBC water tanks on the back edge as kentledge (4 x I tonne IVC water containers - 1 per bay). The structure is constructed from clean silver Layher system scaffold and wrapped by a dense black mesh netting.

Razzisti a parole (per tacer dei fatti)

Based on a wide bibliographic apparatus, and on a discourse-analysis approach, but written in a very accessible way to reach also a non-specialist audience, the pamphlet focuses on misleading and biased representations – through every-day stereotypes, media clichés, political speeches – of migration and migrants in today’s Italy, and is exciting a national debate about the strong relationship between language abuses, political and social misrepresentation, lack of citizenship for migrants and asylum seekers in Italy.

Is there a gold social seal? The financial effects of additions to and deletions from social stock indices

This study investigates the financial effects of additions to and deletions from the most well-known social stock index: the MSCI KLD 400. Our study makes use of the unique setting that index reconstitution provides and allows us to bypass possible issues of endogeneity that commonly plague empirical studies of the link between corporate social and financial performance. By examining not only short-term returns but also trading activity, earnings per share, and long-term performance of stocks that are involved in these events, we bring forward evidence of a ‘social index effect’ where unethical transgressions are penalized more heavily than responsibility is rewarded. We find that the addition of a stock to the index does not lead to material changes in its market price, whereas deletions are accompanied by negative cumulative abnormal returns. Trading volumes for deleted stocks are significantly increased on the event date, while the operational performances of the respective firms deteriorate after their deletion from the social index.

Oxytocin increases eye contact during a real-time, naturalistic social interaction in males with and without autism

Autism spectrum conditions (autism) affect ~1% of the population and are characterized by deficits in social communication. Oxytocin has been widely reported to affect social-communicative function and its neural underpinnings. Here we report the first evidence that intranasal oxytocin administration improves a core problem that individuals with autism have in using eye contact appropriately in real-world social settings. A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled, within-subjects design is used to examine how intranasal administration of 24 IU of oxytocin affects gaze behavior for 32 adult males with autism and 34 controls in a real-time interaction with a researcher. This interactive paradigm bypasses many of the limitations encountered with conventional static or computer-based stimuli. Eye movements are recorded using eye tracking, providing an objective measurement of looking patterns. The measure is shown to be sensitive to the reduced eye contact commonly reported in autism, with the autism group spending less time looking to the eye region of the face than controls. Oxytocin administration selectively enhanced gaze to the eyes in both the autism and control groups (transformed mean eye-fixation difference per second=0.082; 95% CI:0.025–0.14, P=0.006). Within the autism group, oxytocin has the most effect on fixation duration in individuals with impaired levels of eye contact at baseline (Cohen’s d=0.86). These findings demonstrate that the potential benefits of oxytocin in autism extend to a real-time interaction, providing evidence of a therapeutic effect in a key aspect of social communication.

Enhanced effects of combined cognitive bias modification and computerised cognitive behaviour therapy on social anxiety

This study examines whether combined cognitive bias modification for interpretative biases (CBM-I) and computerised cognitive behaviour therapy (C-CBT) can produce enhanced positive effects on interpretation biases and social anxiety. Forty socially anxious students were randomly assigned into two conditions, an intervention group (positive CBM-I + C-CBT) or an active control (neutral CBM-I + C-CBT). At pre-test, participants completed measures of social anxiety, interpretative bias, cognitive distortions, and social and work adjustment. They were exposed to 6 × 30 min sessions of web-based interventions including three sessions of either positive or neutral CBM-I and three sessions of C-CBT, one session per day. At post-test and two-week follow-up, participants completed the baseline measures. A combined positive CBM-I + C-CBT produced less negative interpretations of ambiguous situations than neutral CBM-I + C-CBT. The results also showed that both positive CBM-I + C-CBT and neutral CBM-I + C-CBT reduced social anxiety and cognitive distortions as well as improving work and social adjustment. However, greater effect sizes were observed in the positive CBM-I + C-CBT condition than the control. This indicates that adding positive CBM-I to C-CBT enhanced the training effects on social anxiety, cognitive distortions, and social and work adjustment compared to the neutral CBM-I + C-CBT condition.

Ecological and social drivers of coffee pollination in Santander, Colombia

Bees and other insects provide pollination services that are key to determining the fruit set on coffee plantations. These pollination services are influenced by local ecology as well as human factors, both social and economic. To better understand these different factors, we assessed their effect on pollinators and coffee pollination services in Santander, Colombia. We quantified the effect of key ecological drivers on pollinator community composition, such as the method of farm management (either conventional or organic) and the surrounding landscape composition, specifically the proximity to forest. We found that ambient levels of pollination services provided by the local pollinator fauna (open pollination) accounted for a 10.5 ± 2.0% increase in final coffee fruit set, and that the various pollinators are affected differently by the differing factors. For example, our findings indicate that conventional farm management, using synthetic inputs, can promote pollinators, especially if they are in close proximity to natural forest fragments. This is particularly true for stingless bees. Honeybee visitation to coffee is also positively influenced by the conventional management of farms. Factors associated with greater numbers of stingless bees on farms include greater shade cover, lower tree densities, smaller numbers and types of trees in bloom, and younger coffee plantations. A forested landscape close to farms appears to enhance these factors, giving increased stability and resilience to the pollinating bees and insects. However we found that organic farms also support diverse pollinator communities, even if distant from forest fragments. The contribution of honeybees to pollination value (US$129.6/ha of coffee) is greater than that of stingless bees (US$16.5/ha of coffee). Since the method of farm management has a major impact on the numbers and types of pollinators attracted to farms, we have analysed the statistically significant social factors that influence farmers’ decisions on whether to adopt organic or conventional practices. These include the availability of technology, the type of landowner (whether married couples or individual owners), the number of years of farmers’ formal education, the role of institutions, membership of community organizations, farm size, coffee productivity and the number of coffee plots per farm. It is hoped that the use of our holistic approach, which combines investigation of the social as well as the ecological drivers of pollination, will help provide evidence to underpin the development of best practices for integrating the management of pollination into sustainable agricultural practices.

Social organization of marine Tucuxi dolphins, Sotalia guianensis, in the Cananeia Estuary of southeastern Brazil

Social organization is an important component of the population biology of a species that influences gene flow, the spatial pattern and scale of movements, and the effects of predation or exploitation by humans. An important element of social structure in mammals is group fidelity, which can be quantified through association indices. To describe the social organization of marine tucuxi dolphins (Sotalia guianensis) found in the Cananeia estuary, southeastern Brazil, association indices were applied to photo-identification data to characterize the temporal stability of relationships among members of this population. Eighty-seven days of fieldwork were conducted from May 2000 to July 2003, resulting in direct observations of 374 distinct groups. A total of 138 dolphins were identified on 1-38 distinct field days. Lone dolphins were rarely seen, whereas groups were composed of up to 60 individuals (mean +/- 1 SD = 12.4 +/- 11.4 individuals per group). A total of 29,327 photographs were analyzed, of which 6,312 (21.5%) were considered useful for identifying individuals. Half-weight and simple ratio indices were used to investigate associations among S. guianensis as revealed by the entire data set, data from the core study site, and data from groups composed of <= 10 individuals. Monte Carlo methods indicated that only 3 (9.3%) of 32 association matrices differed significantly from expectations based on random association. Thus, our study suggests that stable associations are not characteristic of S. guianensis in the Cananeia estuary.

Circadian phase and intertrial interval interfere with social recognition memory

A modified version of the social habituation/dis-habituation paradigm was employed to examine social recognition memory in Wistar rats during two opposing (active and inactive) circadian phases, using different intertrial intervals (30 and 60 min). Wheel-running activity was monitored continuously to identify circadian phase. To avoid possible masking effects of the light-dark cycle, the rats were synchronized to a skeleton photoperiod, which allowed testing during different circadian phases under identical lighting conditions. In each trial, an infantile intruder was introduced into an adult`s home-cage for a 5-minute interaction session, and social behaviors were registered. Rats were exposed to 5 trials per day for 4 consecutive days: oil days I and 2, each resident was exposed to the same intruder; on days 3 and 4, each resident was exposed to a different intruder in each trial. I he resident`s social investigatory behavior was more intense when different intruders were presented compared to repeated presentation of the same intruder, suggesting social recognition memory. This effect was stronger when the rats were tested during the inactive phase and when the intertrial interval was 60 min, These findings Suggest that social recognition memory, as evaluated in this modified habituation/dis-habituation paradigm, is influenced by the circadian rhythm phase during which testing is performed, and by intertrial interval. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.