Influência dos estados emocionais em jogadoras de handebol

Questions of psychological interference have been white of the researchers, that identify in the emotional states, a key precious and important in the fight to get a significant result in the esportivo context. The present study it raised questions of interest of sciences of the sport, objectifying to check the influences of the emotional states of players of handebol and its possible interferences in the esportivo income. We work with a qualitative research, leading given next to the athletes and commission technique of the team of handebol of Sorocaba; using questionnaires structuralized and halfstructuralized for the collection of data. All the gotten results had been represented graphically and analyzed front to the theoretical referencial of the area. These results in had shown them that inside of the searched universe, consequentemente exist some factors that intervene with the esportivo income of the majority of the athletes , affecting in a generalized manner the income of the team. In this way we have that it is not only enough to give attention to the physical training, technician and tacticians. It is necessary to give a special attention to the psychological factors of the athletes, so that in a competition they can relieve everything that that has condition to relieve. Finally, we more suggest deepened research inside of this area so that let us can better understand and take attitudes with regard to subjects as the Daily paymenstrual Tension and the question of the leadership, in the form of case studies. We also suggest an intervention of work of a psychologist of the sport acting next to team since the phase of definition of objectives until the ends of the championship.

Resistindo à tempestade: a interseccionalidade de opressões nas obras de Carolina Maria e Maya Angelou

Pós-graduação em Letras - FCLAS

O poético alinhave de Murilo Mendes: o poeta, a musa e a metapoesia em As Metamorfoses

Lying under the contribution of a display of characteristics with multiple meanings (Catholicism, Surrealism, unite of contraries, and the dialogue with other types of art), Murilo Mendes focalizes some subjects that are made to become appealing in his works. Some of these subjects appear in his 1945’s poetry book, As metamorfoses, the object of analysis in this present work: the poet’s figure, insert in the historical view of the World War II and by the poet devastated; the muse’s figure, carrier of the sacred and the profane, whose body represents a repository of descriptions with surrealistic meanings, that is shown indistinctly as the poetry itself; and, concluding, the poetry (or the metapoetry) expressed in this context (historical and literary). Therefore, we intend to search, based in the analysis of poems, how each of this instances are configured inside the poetic universe of Murilo Mendes, with the intention of enlighten the constitution of the sewing made of them by the poet from Juiz de Fora; instances that are very precious when we deal with the poetry that gives to his writings the patent feature of modernity.

Identidade e reconhecimento na cultura de rua

Direct descendant of the music of the Black Atlantic, hip hop became the spokesman of excluded minorities, for example setting up of the reunification that is geographically separated through communication. The hip hop appropriated new forms of mass communication, allowing the reworking of the story through a counter-hegemonic discourse that seeks self-knowledge and appreciation of the roots of black people. The street culture is the narrative of disenfranchised youth, generating narrative of inclusion, which gave a space of enunciation periphery enabling them to intersubjective recognition. This project aims to discuss the role of hip hop as an agent conscientizing youth peripherals in order to bring to the debate the form of identity construction around the peripheral street culture since, as an intervention that acts as a symbolic system guiding cultural practices and attitudes of these young people. Methodologically, we analyzed specific bibliographical about hip hop and literature originating from the periphery itself. Selected discography of some rap groups. They are Racionais Mc's, 509-E and DJ Hum and Thaíde that constitute the vanguard of hip hop in Brazil. We use music from rapper Emicida this while some contemporary exponents of rap, with national and international. State of São Paulo in order to demonstrate that there is similarity between the questions proposed by the hip hop and the interior of the capital, the group selected Survey. We have used also press material, raising the issue in research on the internet, periodicals include the Rolling Stones and Caros Amigos

Alterações ultrassonográficas renais e vesicais de ovinos confinados e suplementados com cloreto de amônio

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Bladder augmentation in rabbits with anionic collagen membrane, with or without urotelial preservation. Cistometric and hystologic evaluation

The use of bowel segments to perform bladder augmentation is associated with several metabolic and surgical complications. A great variety of synthetic materials, biodegradable or not, have been tested. Collagen-based biomaterials have shown effectiveness for the regeneration and obtainment of a functional bladder. Assess the functional and histological response of the rabbit bladder to anionic collagen membrane (ACM), either when it is anastomosed to the bladder or it is placed onto bladder after vesicomyectomy. In 15 male rabbit a partial cystectomy was performed. After 4 weeks they were divided in 3 groups. Group 1 (G1) - bladder augmentation with ACM. Group 2 (G2) ACM is placed onto bladder after vesicomyectomy. Group 3 (G3) control group. Maximal bladder capacity (MBC) and weight were assessed with 4 (M1), 8 (M2) and 12 (M3) weeks after partial cystectomy. In M3 was performed the sacrifice and extraction of the bladder and kidneys for anatomopathologic study. There were neither bladder stones, nor implant extrusion in M3. There was a significant increase in MBC in G1 and G2 (p<0.05), but no statistical differences in G3 (p=0.35). There is no significant difference comparing G1 and G2. In M3, both groups have shown a bigger MBC than G3 (p<0.05). The microscopic assessment showed an inflammatory reaction in the bladder augmented, with urothelium preserved. The ACM was effective for the increase of MBC. The bladders with preservation of the urothelium have shown an extensive inflammatory process.

Leishmanicidal activity of different parts from Arrabidaea brachypoda (DC.) Bureau (Bignoniaceae)

Infections by protozoans of the genus Leishmania are the major worldwide health problem, with high endemicity in developing countries. The drugs of choice for the treatment of leishmaniasis are the pentavalent antimonials, which exert renal and cardiac toxicity. Thus, there is a strong need for safer and more effective treatments against leishmaniasis. The present study was designated to evaluate, by a bioguided assay, the leishmanicidal activity of hidro-ethanolic extracts from different parts (leves, caule and root) of one same plant the Arrabidaea brachypoda (DC.) Bureau. Its has been used to relieve general pain, painful joints and kidney stones in Brazilian folk medicine. Nevertheless, scientific information regarding this species is scarce; there are no reports related to its possible leishmanicidal activity. The leves extract presented the best activity on promastigotes forms of Leishmania (L.) amazonensis, when compared to the other extracts. It showed significant activity on Leishmania (L.) amazonensis. Our results are promising, showing that these compounds are biologically active on Leishmania (L.) amazonensis.

O tratamento probabilístico da teoria cinética de colisões em livros de química brasileiros para o ensino médio

This paper presents and discusses an analysis of the approaches and the didactic treatment of the kinetic model of collision between particles in chemical reaction (collision theory model) presented by brazilian chemistry textbooks for the medium level. Our starting point at this search was the correct and scientific model for this theory which is based on random events, but most of all the books investigated does not consider this fact like an important and very precious didactic aspect. We utilized in the investigation the writing discoursive analysis technique.

Casa de ferreiro, espeto é de pau: gestão de recursos hídricos em duas organizações universitárias

As water is essential for human survival and university organizations are responsible for spreading new knowledge and values through teaching, research and extension, this paper examined how two university organizations deal with a most precious resources, the Water, through its environmental management activities. To communicate the survey, this article is structured in three parts: the first is a brief reflection on environmental management in the university hospitals and the issue of water resources, then presents the methodological procedures for the conduct of research. Finally, we present the empirical evidence from case studies and discussions relevant to the research, followed by proposals on best practices in managing water resources that universities could adopt under review. It can be concluded that the possession of knowledge and cutting-edge research in several areas that universities do not provide an exemplary way to manage their water resources, ie, isolated and fragmented initiatives of Colleges ALPHA and BETA do not guarantee the environmental sustainability of campus, a As one can see that the units are not achieving academic success in the overflow of its knowledge and research for an effective internal environmental management, especially its water resources.

Estudo das aplicações das variedades de um quartzo-sienito com hiperstênio, como rochas ornamentais, com auxílio da caracterização tecnológica e das análises de cor e imagem

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Bearded capuchin monkeys` and a human`s efficiency at cracking palm nuts with stone tools: field experiments

Wild bearded capuchins, Cebus libidinosus, in Fazenda Boa Vista, Brazil crack tough palm nuts using hammer stones. We analysed the contribution of intrinsic factors (body weight, behaviour), size of the nuts and the anvil surface (flat or pit) to the efficiency of cracking. We provided capuchins with local palm nuts and a single hammer stone at an anvil. From video we scored the capuchins` position and actions with the nut prior to each strike, and outcomes of each strike. The most efficient capuchin opened 15 nuts per 100 strikes (6.6 strikes per nut). The least efficient capuchin that succeeded in opening a nut opened 1.32 nuts per 100 strikes (more than 75 strikes per nut). Body weight and diameter of the nut best predicted whether a capuchin would crack a nut on a given strike. All the capuchins consistently placed nuts into pits. To provide an independent analysis of the effect of placing the nut into a pit, we filmed an adult human cracking nuts on the same anvil using the same stone. The human displaced the nut on proportionally fewer strikes when he placed it into a pit rather than on a flat surface. Thus the capuchins placed the nut in a more effective location on the anvil to crack it. Nut cracking as practised by bearded capuchins is a striking example of a plastic behaviour where costs and benefits vary enormously across individuals, and where efficiency requires years to attain. (C) 2009 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Stone tool use by adult wild bearded capuchin monkeys (Cebus libidinosus). Frequency, efficiency and tool selectivity

Chimpanzees have been the traditional referential models for investigating human evolution and stone tool use by hominins. We enlarge this comparative scenario by describing normative use of hammer stones and anvils in two wild groups of bearded capuchin monkeys (Cebus libidinosus) over one year. We found that most of the individuals habitually use stones and anvils to crack nuts and other encased food items. Further, we found that in adults (1) males use stone tools more frequently than females, (2) males crack high resistance nuts more frequently than females, (3) efficiency at opening a food by percussive tool use varies according to the resistance of the encased food, (4) heavier individuals are more efficient at cracking high resistant nuts than smaller individuals, and (5) to crack open encased foods, both sexes select hammer stones on the basis of material and weight. These findings confirm and extend previous experimental evidence concerning tool selectivity in wild capuchin monkeys (Visalberghi et al., 2009b; Fragaszy et al., 2010b). Male capuchins use tools more frequently than females and body mass is the best predictor of efficiency, but the sexes do not differ in terms of efficiency. We argue that the contrasting pattern of sex differences in capuchins compared with chimpanzees, in which females use tools more frequently and more skillfully than males, may have arisen from the degree of sexual dimorphism in body size of the two species, which is larger in capuchins than in chimpanzees. Our findings show the importance of taking sex and body mass into account as separate variables to assess their role in tool use. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The Enhanced Tool-Kit of Two Groups of Wild Bearded Capuchin Monkeys in the Caatinga: Tool Making, Associative Use, and Secondary Tools

The use of stones to crack open encapsulated fruit is widespread among wild bearded capuchin monkeys (Cebus libidinosus) inhabiting savanna-like environments. Some populations in Serra da Capivara National Park (Piaui, Brazil), though, exhibit a seemingly broader toolkit, using wooden sticks as probes, and employing stone tools for a variety of purposes. Over the course of 701.5 hr of visual contact of two wild capuchin groups we recorded 677 tool use episodes. Five hundred and seventeen of these involved the use of stones, and 160 involved the use of sticks (or other plant parts) as probes to access water, arthropods, or the contents of insects` nests. Stones were mostly used as ""hammers""-not only to open fruit or seeds, or smash other food items, but also to break dead wood, conglomerate rock, or cement in search of arthropods, to dislodge bigger stones, and to pulverize embedded quartz pebbles (licking, sniffing, or rubbing the body with the powder produced). Stones also were used in a ""hammer-like"" fashion to loosen the soil for digging out roots and arthropods, and sometimes as ""hoes"" to pull the loosened soil. In a few cases, we observed the re-utilization of stone tools for different purposes (N = 3), or the combined use of two tools-stones and sticks (N = 4) or two stones (N = 5), as sequential or associative tools. On three occasions, the monkeys used smaller stones to loosen bigger quartz pebbles embedded in conglomerate rock, which were subsequently used as tools. These could be considered the first reports of secondary tool use by wild capuchin monkeys. Am. J. Primatol. 71:242-251, 2009. (c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Selection of Effective Stone Tools by Wild Bearded Capuchin Monkeys

Appreciation of objects` affordances and planning is a hallmark of human technology. Archeological evidence suggests that Pliocene hominins selected raw material for tool making [1, 2]. Stone pounding has been considered a precursor to tool making [3, 4], and tool use by living primates provides insight into the origins of material selection by human ancestors. No study has experimentally investigated selectivity of stone tools in wild animals, although chimpanzees appear to select stones according to properties of different nut species [5, 6]. We recently discovered that wild capuchins with terrestrial habits [7] use hammers to crack open nuts on anvils [8-10]. As for chimpanzees, examination of anvil sites suggests stone selectivity [11], but indirect evidence cannot prove it. Here, we demonstrate that capuchins, which last shared a common ancestor with humans 35 million years ago, faced with stones differing in functional features (friability and weight) choose, transport, and use the effective stone to crack nuts. Moreover, when weight cannot be judged by visual attributes, capuchins act to gain information to guide their selection. Thus, planning actions and intentional selection of tools is within the ken of monkeys and similar to the tool activities of hominins and apes.

Kinematics and Energetics of Nut-Cracking in Wild Capuchin Monkeys (Cebus libidinosus) in Piaui, Brazil

Wild bearded capuchins (Cebus libidinosus, quadrupedal, medium-sized monkeys) crack nuts using large stones. We examined the kinematics and energetics of the nut-cracking action of two adult males and two adult females. From a bipedal stance, the monkeys raised a heavy hammer stone (1.46 and 1.32 kg, from 33 to 77% of their body weight) to an average height of 0.33 m, 60% of body length. Then, they rapidly lowered the stone by flexing the lower extremities and the trunk until the stone contacted the nut. A hit consisting of an upward phase and a downward phase averaged 0.74 s in duration. The upward phase lasted 69% of hit duration. All subjects added discernable energy to the stone in the downward phase. The monkeys exhibited individualized kinematic strategies, similar to those of human weight lifters. Capuchins illustrate that human-like bipedal stance and large body size are unnecessary to break tough objects from a bipedal position. The phenomenon of bipedal nut-cracking by capuchins provides a new comparative reference point for discussions of percussive tool use and bipedality in primates. Am J Phys Anthropol 138:210-220, 2009. (C) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.