999 resultados para Literatura comparada Alemã e brasileira
Resumo:
In the light of the Functional Linguistic Theory, in its North-American version (HOPPER, 1987, 1991, 1998, 2008, 2010; GIVN, 2001; LEHMANN, 2002; HOPPER; TRAUGOTT, 2003; FURTADO DA CUNHA; OLIVEIRA; MARTELOTTA, 2003, among others), the general objective of this research is to demonstrate, based on morphosyntactic and semantic-pragmatic properties, that AQUI (HERE), A, ALI and L (THERE) are part of an emerging paradigm in Brazilian Portuguese recently constituted and still developing of forms indicating specificity in indefinite noun phrases (NP). The data that make up the corpus of this research were collected in the following large Brazilian oral corpora: the Corpus Discurso & Gramtica: a lngua falada e escrita na cidade de Natal (FURTADO DA CUNHA, 1998), the Banco Conversacional de Natal (FURTADO DA CUNHA, 2010), the Projeto Variao Lingustica no Estado da Paraba VALPB (HORA, 2005) and the Projeto Variao Lingustica Urbana na Regio Sul do Brasil VARSUL (VANDRESEN, 2002). Firstly, the behavior of the specificity markings AQUI, A, ALI and L is described with respect to many factors of morphosyntactic and semantic-pragmatic nature: type of construction in which the markers appeared; existence or not of intervening material between the specificity marker item and the NP s nuclear noun; type of noun to which AQUI, A, ALI and L are linked; syntactic function of the specified SN; informational status of the NP to which the specificity markers AQUI, A, ALI and L are attached; occurrence of conversational implicatures (GRICE, 1982) in the context of use of these specificity markers. Next, a possible grammaticalization trajectory is outlined, according to which AQUI, A, ALI and L would had gone from an early spatial deictic indication to the specificity indication. The results point to the existence of forms with varying degree of emergence in this new paradigm of nominal specification, with A being, probably, the item most grammaticalized, followed by L, then ALI and AQUI, which permanence in the paradigm do not yet appear to be consolidated
Resumo:
This study approach the Jorge Luis Borges s prose of fiction under the perspective of mimesis and the self-reflexivity. The hypothesis is that the Aleph is a central symbol of the Borges s fictional universe. The rewriting and the retake of this symbol along of his work entail to a reflection about the possibilities and the limits of mimesis. This study is divided in three parts which contain two chapters. The first part Bibliographic revision and conceptual fundaments of inquiry discuss the critical fortune of author (Chapter 1) and the concepts that will give sustentation to the inquiry (Chapter 2). The second part About the Borges s aesthetic project sketch out the literary project defended by Borges that is his conception of the literature and his ideological matrix (Chapter 3) beside his anti-psychologism and his nostalgia of epos (Chapter 4). The third and last part is entitled The Aleph and his doubles. In the chapter 5 this study analyses the short story El Aleph and consider its centrality on the Borges s work. The argument that is on this short story Borges elaborates a reflection about mimesis. In the chapter 6, on the same hand, four short stories will be analysed: Funes el memorioso ; El Libro de Arena ; El evangelio segn Marcos and Del rigor en la ciencia . The conclusion that is the Borges s literature is self-awake of its process as such demonstrate its parodic sense and its bookish origin. Hence, the Borges s literature overlapping the mimetic crisis of language and challenge the limits between fiction and reality. However, it doesn t surrender to the nihilist perspective that is closing of literature to the world
Resumo:
Esta pesquisa de natureza documental e etnogrfica se insere no campo da Lingustica Aplicada, tendo por objeto de estudo o Manual do Professor, que acompanha o livro didtico de Lngua Portuguesa, e por objetivo geral (re)conhecer os aspectos sociorretricos do gnero Manual do Professor. O interesse desta tese est concentrado no uso situado desse gnero, a partir do qual se observam seus aspectos sociorretricos, a saber: o que est posto no produto, o ambiente de interao onde encontrado e como visto por seus usurios em potencial. Em um primeiro momento, produzimos um quadro epistemolgico que nos permitiu, dentre outros reparos, (i) compreender gnero textual como ao retrica tipificada baseada numa situao retrica recorrente e (ii) obter um panorama dos programas de governo voltados para a avaliao de coletneas didticas, nos quais encontramos aspectos indispensveis a um Manual do Professor. Os aportes tericos adotados neste estudo referem-se concepo sociorretrica dos estudos de gnero textual luz, sobretudo, de Johns et al. (2006), Bazerman (2011) e Miller (2011). Em um segundo momento, sob o vis da abordagem sociorretrica, procuramos definir o Manual do Professor como gnero textual e apresentamos os aspectos retricos encontrados nas amostras que analisamos, considerando a organizao constitutiva, o contexto de uso desse gnero e as percepes de seus usurios autores e professores. A gerao de dados deu-se inicialmente a partir da seleo de trs exemplares de Manuais de coletneas didticas adotadas no IFRN; em seguida, no sentido de reconhecer as percepes dos usurios desse gnero, realizamos grupo focal com professores e entrevistamos o coautor de uma das coletneas. Para anlise dos dados, elegemos o mtodo etnogrfico de anlise de gneros postulado por Reiff (apud JOHNS et al, 2006), que nos permitiu analisar o objeto de estudo em contextos autnticos de uso do gnero. Nossos resultados mostram que o Manual do Professor est inserido num sistema de gneros e no sistema de atividades profissionais de domnio do professor e no se limita apenas a explicar como est organizado o livro didtico do aluno. Outros sete propsitos foram observados, dentre os quais se encontram: possibilitar ao docente uma reflexo sobre a sua prtica de ensino e sugerir caminhos para a melhoria do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Acreditamos que esta pesquisa poder estimular professores, em relao importncia (e no obrigatoriedade) de consultas peridicas aos Manuais; autores, no que se refere a estabelecer uma interlocuo mais pessoalizada com seus leitores em potencial e no sentido de esclarecer ainda mais as facetas do livro didtico; e editoras, sobretudo no que tange a recursos de editorao, para que o Manual do Professor se torne mais atrativo
Resumo:
Starting from the premise that we live in the society of spectacle, as proclaimed by Guy Debbord, and, in this context, the media feeds itself off of this spectacularization and constructs a culture of images and production of goods, providing templates from which the subject can identify himself/herself as being male or female, successful or unsuccessful, powerful or powerless. In other words, the culture conveyed by the media produces material for the creation of identities through which individuals insert and recognize themselves in contemporary society. Observing the election campaigns, we can see clearly that this profusion of identities is fairly explored in the advertising propaganda used by the candidates, particularly in the propaganda broadcasted on the Free Electoral Time on TV. Instigated by the explicit relation between the media and politics within the society of the spectacle, this study aims to investigate the main identities that emerge in the discursive practices of the media in the election campaigns of 2010 for president of the Republic and governor of the State of Rio Grande do Norte that had as protagonists the candidates at that moment Dilma Rousseff (PT) for president and Rosalba Ciarline (DEM) for governor. To do so, we based ourselves on the theory of Bakhtin Circle, which considers the statement as a unit of verbal communication and conceives language as a dialogical phenomena and a discursive practice and also in the conceptions of dialogical relationships, social voices and chronotope formulated by the previous mentioned theory. Still in the theoretical field, we have established an interconnection with the theories coming from the Cultural Studies (Hall, Woodward) about the identity, which conceives it as multiple, fragmented, non-fixed, so that, the subject assumes different identities, not always coherent, at different times, depending on the context in which they are approached. The research is situated in the frames of Applied Linguistics, which considers language as the center of its studies and settles on the border of an open number of areas of knowledge expanding its possibilities of investigation by means of the interdisciplinary. Our corpus consists in 20 electoral propaganda videos aired on TV during the Free Election Time in 2010 campaign; among these, 14 videos are Dilma Rousseff s propaganda and 06 videos are Rosalba Ciarline s propaganda. We seek for the purpose of the analysis to identify the identities which emerge from the discourses about the candidates in propaganda videos broadcasted in the referred campaign, as well as realize the dialogical relations established in these discourses and even if the identity construction of these subjects is located in the same axiological axis. The corpus analysis revealed that the multiple cultural identities of the candidates campaigning emerge in the discourses circulating in the electoral propaganda aired on TV such as: the identities of pioneer woman, competent, sensitive, mother, grandmother, religious. And, yet, those are changeable as the electoral demands, in other words, the need to obtain support and votes, outline a fluid identity construction about the candidate to the position in question
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This work aims at encouraging the reading or rereading of tales such as Um homem clebre , Cantiga de esponsais , Terpscore , Trio em l menor , O machete , and Marcha fnebre from the Brazilian writer Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis, hoping to find in them the manifestations of musicality, which is understood, from the viewpoint of contemporary musical theories, as dinamicity indications resulting from the melopaico (melodious verse) stimulus to the understanding of words and/or images, which are inserted in the writing static body from the literary procedures transferring to the text specific characteristics from other arts, such as music, poetry, performatic dance e theater. Such procedures, which are reflected in the writing as a product of Machado s close repertory, often favor, through the fiction, the delineation of the musical context from Rio de Janeiro in the 19th century, as well as the social implications that the transformations of the musical scene impose on the subjectivity constitution
Resumo:
The purpose of this research is to approach the English literary text from the point of view of the culture and the heterogeneity of discourse in its role as a source of elements that facilitate the teaching/learning process of English as a foreign language. Several instances of discourse heterogeneity are analyzed through cultural references in the original texts of the following English novels: Jane Eyre, by Charlotte Bront (1816-1855), published in 1847; The Mill on the Floss, by George Eliot (1819-1890), published in 1860 and Great Expectations, by Charles Dickens (1812-1870), published between 1860 and 1861. Theoretical support was sought in Kramsch, Bakhtin, Maingueneau, Authier-Revuz, Widdowson and Larsen-Freeman. Activities in English are proposed in the end whereby it can be seen that the questions at issue can be used extensively in the classroom.
Resumo:
Ce travail a comme objectif analyser la structure et l'efficacit d'un systme symbolique, qui est configur travers qui le philosophe Dufour (2000), partir du linguiste Benveniste (1995) et du philosophe Lyotard (1998), dans la manutention et la sustentation des rcits et d'histoires, appelle de trinit naturel des la langue. C'est sous cet appareil, inscrit travers des pronomes moi , toi et lui qui nous tudierons les suivantes questions: 1. comme s'il tablit, synchronement, la mise jour du mythe religieux Santa Menina prsente dans la ville de Flornia, gn dans le coeur broussard du Rio Grande do Norte? 2. qui manire, diachronement, les rcits sur mentionn mythe sil rcupre? Le culte religieux la Santa Menina est marqu discoursivement travers dun univers facettes multiples qui se soutient travers les voix de floranienses sur l'histoire d'une fille, dont le corps est trouv intact et qui, sacralite par la population, est connu comme la Santa Menina. Une histoire qui, notamment, avait/a rpercussion et rsonance, en participant, efficacement, des la ralit culturelle des la population. Thoriquement, notre travail est nourri par des savoirs arrivs, des la Linguistique, et des tudes sur la Mmoire et l'Histoire Verbale
Resumo:
Ce travail a pour but d analyser un corpus de six textes hybrides, que nous classons comme des pomes-chansons/ pomes-chants cause de leur double prsence dans deux systmes smiotiques diffrents. Le premier, la littrature, ou plus spcifiquement la posie, a comme support le livre As Coisas [Les Choses], d Arnaldo Antunes et l autre, la chanson, est enregistr dans les disques du mme auteur. Notre travail lance un regard sur ce corpus, en essayant de vrifier un aspect recourrent dans l oeuvre d Arnaldo Antunes qui est la prsence da primit, catgorie therique dveloppe par Charles Sanders Peirce. Au-del de l observation de cet aspect smiothique, nous ferons une discussion sur la chanson populaire, et ses rapports avec la posie et par consquent avec la Litterature. La thorie smiothique s appuyera sur deux piliers : En ce qui concerne l tude de la primit, nous travaillerons avec les thories de Peirce, mais en nous servant aussi des ouvrages de Lcia Santaella, Winfried Nth, Jlio Plaza et Dcio Pignatari ; Dans l autre voie, pour ce qui concerne l analyse des chansons, nous utiliserons la thorie de Luiz Tatit, fonde sur la smiothique de Algirdas Julien Greimas. Tatit trace une mthode d analyse, o il est possible d analyser une chanson en exploitant et le texte et la mlodie, ce qui permet une meilleure comprhension de l tude des pomes-chansons et ses variations. Comme support pour la discussion sur la musique, nous nous servirons des thories de Jos Miguel Wisnik, Claude Lvi-Strauss, Roland Barthes et Jean Fisette
Resumo:
This work aims to read the phenomenon of the Sublime as the main aesthetical concern in the work of the Brazilian poet Mario Quintana. The research was based on the dialogical approach used by Mario Quintana to see life & poetry. This search noticed that such aesthetical concern is an answer to the modern age that surrounds the post-war man. Immerse in his aesthetical concerns, Mario Quintana designs, through his poetry, a way to give humanity back to men. In this attempt of rupture, Mario Quintana returns to tradition through astonishment besides laughter
Resumo:
This study try to integrate concepts from referenciation theory to highlight processes of meaning construction of the book A Poesia em Pnico, written by the Brasilian poet Murilo Mendes. The concepts of referenciation, discourse objects and cognitive-experiential schemes were employed to evidence the meanings of the poems in the book, specifing its methods of elaboration and the effects of expression. Parallels beetwen the conception of language proposed by the theories used and that deduced from the poems and poetic pratice of the author studied was traced, making evident its similarities. Equaly, textuals analises are used to demonstrate various aspects of the theories. At the same time, a reading of the main elements of discourse was constructed throughout the study, trying an aproximation beetween the fields of linguistic and literary theory
Resumo:
This study explores the symbolism of evil way in the novel Grande serto: veredas, by Guimares Rosa, regarding faustian pact by Goethe, and so tries to understand how the rosiana language are present to the strategies which put in suspense the effectiveness of the demonic agreement and enable, with poetic intensity, different interpretations, especially as regards the anguish of the human condition. This research thus has drawn upon the Mythical Symbolism, in Literary Criticism and aspects of Metaphysics, in addition to analyzing classic literary essays in approaching of Rosa s masterpiece structure. It has also demonstrated that the incorporation of the Faust legend in Grande serto reflects the same desire for happiness that is not done completely, and in this manner, instigates a discussion about the limits to the satisfaction of being human. Therefore, it has observed that epic narrative of ex-gangster Riobaldo to the doctor of city speculates on human man, in the continuous learning of his passing
Resumo:
In this work, we intend to discuss results from a research about retextualization in gender journalistic interview, considering speech dialogical approach. Retextualization activity, which implies the production of a new text through one or more basic texts, shows the presence of reported speech as an integral unit of discursive construction. Our corpus had been extracted from a section called Nossos Valores [Our Values], present at the syndical newspaper Adurn Notcias [Adurn News], from Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (Brazil), which weekly publishes journalistic interviews with active professors from this institution. We describe retextualised text structure by correlating it to the one from the oral text, in order to identify and describe quoted speech, as well as features of the gender in which it is inserted. It was verified that, when it comes to reported speech present in the published interviews, which are representative of the research corpus, diverse incorporation procedures of alien property‟s speech take place, especially those regarding about reported speech use. The waterish presence of the other present in dialoged texts speech transformed in monologue texts demonstrates that there is not a clear demarcation among voices in certain parts of the written text. This is confirmed during analyses of the two interview versions, in which it is not always possible to distinguish the authorship of certain propositions, which in some way can point to Bakhtin‟s concept of intentional hybridity. Beyond Bakhtin‟s contributions (1990; 2000), the theoretical principles of this work are based upon Marcuschi (1986; 1999; 2001), Matencio (2003), Authier-Revuz (1982), and Favero et al. (1997; 1998; 1999; 2000)
Resumo:
The research aimed two objectives: 1st) identifying and describing the metaphors of the inflation, in a corpus of 18 texts of economic journalism, from Joelmir Beting, written in the last trimester of 2002, at the moment of the government s transition of president Fernando Henrique Cardoso to Luiz Incio Lula Da Silva. 2nd) verifying the recognition of the metaphors by the students of the basic education of a private school from Natal. 91 metaphors had been identified, analyzed in the perspective of the conceptual metaphor s theory, by Lakoff and Johnson (2002), on the basis of the distinction between conceptual metaphor and metaphoric expressions, and between domain-source/domain-target. 10 underlying conceptual metaphors had been inferred, being that the domains-source used more frequently to characterize the inflation had been those ones according to the human being and the animals and, of a less imaginable form, to the ways of transport (car, aircraft). These general conceptual metaphors had been unfolded in other s more specific ones ( animal specifying itself in lion , dragon , dog , etc.). Another result was the identification of metaphoric expressions with two or more meanings , with relation to more than one conceptual metaphor or explicit, in the same expression, two domains-source (for example: armored dragon ) and contributes, of a relevant form, for the semantic struturation of the text. The understanding of the metaphors was verified through an activity of domains-source s identification (10 metaphoric statements and fulfilling of the gap in the phrase the inflation is a/an ) applied in a group of 8th year of the basic education (12-13 years old, with 14 girls and 17 boys) from a school of good social and economic positions from Natal-RN. There weren t great difficulties on the part of the students in recognizing the domains-source involved: about 80% to the great majority of the statements
Resumo:
The general aim of this work is to verify the occurence of variant forms of negation in spoken English with the purpose of making a comparative study between the English and the Portuguese languages. As for Portuguese, we used as a matter of reference a study already made on negation. As for English, we analized a corpus of the North American English variant organized by a university in the United States. This study is based on the North American Functional Linguistics theoretical perspective, which considers relevant the study of language used in real situations of communicative interaction. The data analisys proved that there is at least one form of negative variant in spoken English which is not allowed by prescriptive grammar. This phenomenon turns out to be similar to Portuguese, which includes three variant strategies. According to the data obtained, it was possible to verify that the variant strategy used in English, from a contrastive point of view, corresponds to a negative strategy ruled by Portuguese prescriptive grammar. Finally, we discussed about the different conceptions of language, grammar and teaching, giving suggestions to colaborate to a productive and reflexive teaching of first or second language
Resumo:
The research aimed two objectives: 1st) identifying and describing the metaphors of the inflation, in a corpus of 18 texts of economic journalism, from Joelmir Beting, written in the last trimester of 2002, at the moment of the government s transition of president Fernando Henrique Cardoso to Luiz Incio Lula Da Silva. 2nd) verifying the recognition of the metaphors by the students of the basic education of a private school from Natal. 91 metaphors had been identified, analyzed in the perspective of the conceptual metaphor s theory, by Lakoff and Johnson (2002), on the basis of the distinction between conceptual metaphor and metaphoric expressions, and between domain-source/domain-target. 10 underlying conceptual metaphors had been inferred, being that the domains-source used more frequently to characterize the inflation had been those ones according to the human being and the animals and, of a less imaginable form, to the ways of transport (car, aircraft). These general conceptual metaphors had been unfolded in other s more specific ones ( animal specifying itself in lion , dragon , dog , etc.). Another result was the identification of metaphoric expressions with two or more meanings , with relation to more than one conceptual metaphor or explicit, in the same expression, two domains-source (for example: armored dragon ) and contributes, of a relevant form, for the semantic struturation of the text. The understanding of the metaphors was verified through an activity of domains-source s identification (10 metaphoric statements and fulfilling of the gap in the phrase the inflation is a/an ) applied in a group of 8th year of the basic education (12-13 years old, with 14 girls and 17 boys) from a school of good social and economic positions from Natal-RN. There weren t great difficulties on the part of the students in recognizing the domains-source involved: about 80% to the great majority of the statements
