Tratamento do Centro de Atenção Psicossocial para usuários de álcool e outras drogas CAPSad II Leste Natal/RN : uma avaliação da efetividade

The treatment for abusive users of alcohol and other drugs suffered significant modifications until arriving to the psychosocial model that is used by Centro de Atenção Psicossocial CAPSad II Eastern Natal/RN (Psychosocial Support Center). That model appears starting from Brazilian sanitary and psychiatric reforms which are expressed in the principles and propositions of Sistema Único de Saúde SUS (Unique System of Health). The Psychiatric Reform meant a rupture with the mental hospital and hospital centered treatment pattern which was destined to the abusive users of alcohol and other drugs. The new proposal offers the universalization, democratization, regionalization and completeness of the actions in the field of mental health. It gathers a strictly interdisciplinary health staff. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment for abusive users of alcohol and other drugs offered by CAPSad II Eastern Natal/RN. The evaluation used, as priority, the qualitative social research through an evaluating study starting from the non-experimental model. The methodological process used different instruments of data collection: bibliographical and documental researches, systematic observations at CAPSad II Eastern Natal/RN and, mainly, the semistructured interviews (21) that were accomplished with the professionals, users and relatives of CAPSad II Eastern Natal/RN. The investigation showed the effectiveness of the service and, therefore, CAPSad II Eastern Natal/RN constitute itself as the main confronting strategy to the mental hospital and hospital centered treatment pattern of caring the abusive users of alcohol and other drugs

Reproducibility and accuracy of the ICDAS-II for occlusal caries detection

Objectives:The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the inter- and intra-examiner reproducibility and the accuracy of the International Caries Detection and Assessment System-II (ICDAS-II) in detecting occlusal caries.Methods:One hundred and sixty-three molars were independently assessed twice by two experienced dentists using the 0- to 6-graded ICDAS-II. The teeth were histologically prepared and classified using two different histological systems [Ekstrand et al. (1997) Caries Research vol. 31, pp. 224-231; Lussi et al. (1999) Caries Research vol. 33, pp. 261-266] and assessed for caries extension. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and area under the ROC curve (A(z)) were obtained at D(2) and D(3) thresholds. Unweighted kappa coefficient was used to assess inter- and intra-examiner reproducibility.Results:For the Ekstrand et al. histological classification the sensitivity was 0.99 and 1.00, specificity 1.00 and 0.69 and accuracy 0.99 and 0.76 at D(2) and D(3), respectively. For the Lussi et al. histological classification the sensitivity was 0.91 and 0.75, specificity 0.47 and 0.62 and accuracy 0.86 and 0.68 at D(2) and D(3), respectively. The A(z) varied from 0.54 to 0.73. The inter- and intra-examiner kappa values were 0.51 and 0.58, respectively.Conclusions:ICDAS-II presented good reproducibility and accuracy in detecting occlusal caries, especially caries lesions in the outer half of the enamel.

Resistance to maxillary premolar fractures after restoration of class II preparations with resin composite or ceromer.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance to fracture of intact and restored human maxillary premolars. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Thirty noncarious human maxillary premolars, divided into three groups of 10, were submitted to mechanical tests to evaluate their resistance to fracture. Group 1 consisted of intact teeth. Teeth in group 2 received mesio-occlusodistal cavity preparations and were restored with direct resin composite restorations. Teeth in group 3 received mesio-occlusodistal cavity preparations and were restored with ceromer inlays placed with the indirect technique. After restoration, teeth were stored at 37 degrees C for 24 hours and then thermocycled for 500 cycles at temperatures of 5 degrees C and 55 degrees C. RESULTS: Statistical analysis revealed that group 3 (178.765 kgf) had a significantly greater maximum rupture load than did group 1 (120.040 kgf). There was no statistically significant difference between groups 1 and 2 or between groups 2 and 3. CONCLUSION: Class II cavity preparations restored with indirect ceromer inlays offered greater resistance to fracture than did intact teeth. The fracture resistance of teeth restored with resin composite was not significantly different from that of either the ceromer or intact teeth.

The Edinger-Westphal nucleus II: Hypothalamic afferents in the rat

Numerous functions have been attributed to the Edinger-Westphal nucleus (EW), including those related to feeding behavior, pain control, alcohol consumption and the stress response. The EW is thought to consist of two parts: one controls accommodation, choroidal blood flow and pupillary constriction, primarily comprising cholinergic cells and projecting to the ciliary ganglion; and the other would be involved in the non-ocular functions mentioned above, comprising peptide-producing neurons and projecting to the brainstem, spinal cord and prosencephalic regions. Despite the fact that the EW is well known, its connections have yet to be described in detail. The aim of this work was to produce a map of the hypothalamic sources of afferents to the EW in the rat. We injected the retrograde tracer Fluoro-Gold into the EW, and using biotinylated dextran amine, injected into afferent sources as the anterograde control. We found retrogradely labeled cells in the following regions: subfornical organ, paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, arcuate nucleus, lateral hypothalamic area, zona incerta, posterior hypothalamic nucleus, medial vestibular nucleus and cerebellar interpositus nucleus. After injecting BDA into the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, lateral hypothalamic area and posterior hypothalamic nucleus, we found anterogradely labeled fibers in close apposition to and potential synaptic contact with urocortin 1-immunoreactive cells in the EW. On the basis of our findings, we can suggest that the connections between the EW and the hypothalamic nuclei are involved in controlling stress responses and feeding behavior. © 2013 The Authors.

Manual de salud electrónica para directivos de servicios y sistemas de salud. Volumen II: Aplicaciones de las TIC a la atención primaria de salud

Prólogo de Alicia Bárcena y Luciano Sáez.

Hydroxyquinoline derived vanadium(IV and V) and copper(II) complexes as potential anti-tuberculosis and anti-tumor agents

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

El género Bryoria en Europa occidental. Primeros datos poblacionales de Bryoria fuscescens en el Sistema Central Ibérico (España)

Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Trabajo financiado por el proyecto CGL 2011-25003. Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad

Evolución del resultado educativo en España según PISA 2003 y 2006

[ES] Los resultados del alumnado español en los informes PISA, elaborados cada tres años por la OCDE, deberían conducir a una autocrítica en cuanto al funcionamiento de nuestro sistema educativo y servir para propiciar diversos análisis con el objetivo de establecer políticas educativas que mejoren dichos resultados. En los últimos informes, años 2003 y 2006, por término medio los alumnos españoles presentan resultados por debajo de la media de la OCDE y de muchos países europeos. No obstante, los resultados de estos informes hacen referencia únicamente a medias nacionales, sin tener en cuenta las variables que influencian los resultados individuales del alumno encuestado. Por ello, las opiniones que aparecen siempre derivadas a partir de estos resultados no están, en la mayor parte de los casos, fundamentadas analíticamente. Asimismo, no se realiza un estudio comparativo entre los resultados obtenidos en ambos años (2003 y 2006), por lo que tampoco conocemos cómo evolucionan nuestros alumnos y si las variables que afectan a su resultado se mantienen en el tiempo o van, por el contrario, modificándose. Mediante el presente artículo profundizamos en los motivos de estos resultados, así como en la variación que han tenido a lo largo de los tres años (2003-2006), realizando un análisis econométrico que permite analizar el grado de asociación de los resultados individuales del alumnado español en función de sus características personales y familiares, así como de las características del centro y de la clase, para aquellos alumnos de 15 años que participaron en los informes PISA 2003 y 2006 respectivamente en España. A partir del análisis efectuado, se proponen distintas políticas de actuación en los diferentes niveles.

Cambios de la delincuencia juvenil de España y Canarias: Análisis de tendencias en el periodo 2005-2011

[ES] De los cambios estudiados de la delincuencia juvenil de España y Canarias por medio del método de regresión lineal segmentada "joinpoint regression" destacamos un aumento del porcentaje de cambio anual estimado (PCA) en varones y mujeres de 14 años para el periodo 2005-2011 en España y un descenso en Canarias. También un aumento de varones y mujeres en la tendencia 2007-2011 para la edad de 17 años de España y Canarias. Por otro lado, las Comunidades Autónomas que se sitúan con un percentil menor del 25 de delincuencia juvenil en varones están: Canarias, Catalunya, Madrid, Melilla y País Vasco. Por último, para delincuencia juvenil femenina y por debajo del percentil 25, tenemos situadas a las Comunidades de: Catalunya, Asturias, Madrid, Melilla y Canarias

La salida de campo geográfica como metodología docente: geoturismo en volcanes de Tenerife (Islas Canarias, España)

[ES]Esta comunicación presenta los resultados obtenidos de la aplicación de un proyecto de innovación docente (PID) durante el curso académico 2014-2015 a los alumnos de la sede de Adeje del Grado de Turismo de la Unviersidad de la Laguna. La asignatura de Planificación y Gestión Territorial de Destinos Turísticos en la que se desarrolló el PID pertenece al área de geografía humana y se imparte en tercer curso del grado. El objetivo general del proyecto es que los alumnos adquieran un aprendizaje práctico continuado de la asignatura que implica el 50% de los créditos.