O papel simbólico da língua na construção das identidades nacionais : o caráter identitário da discussão sobre o AO90 em Portugal

Tese de doutoramento, Estudos de Literatura e de Cultura (Cultura e Comunicação), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2016

Motivações semântico-cognitivas e discursivo-pragmáticas no uso de sufixos graduadores nominais

We study the use of nominal suffixes of degree, such as -inho, -ão, -íssimo, -ílimo, -érrimo in written texts in Brazilian Portuguese, by focusing on semantic, cognitive, pragmatic and discourse aspects involved in using these suffixes. In general, we aim to identify semanticcognitive and discourse-pragmatic factors that motivate the usage of nominal suffixes of degree and to contribute for the study of degree in Portuguese class in Basic Education. The theoretical perspective underlying our research is the Linguística Funcional Centrada no Uso, as conceived by group of researchers of Discurso & Gramática (FURTADO DA CUNHA, BISPO, SILVA, 2013; MARTELOTTA, 2011). According to this theoretical model, language model uses the shape of the grammar of a language at the same time they are provisioned for it. In this sense, speech and grammar influence each other. In terms of methodology, we make an eminently qualitative research with quantitative support as evidence of use of trend. It is characterized also by descriptive and interpretive bias of the phenomenon under study. Empirical evidence from our analysis come from a corpus consisting of written texts from Veja magazine, January to June 2011 issues, particularly Carta do Leitor e Gente sections, the latter representative of the Coluna Social magazine. The results of our analysis showed that the use of nominal graders suffixes are related to semantic-cognitive factors (construction of certain text directions, the association more grounded aspects of concrete experience or the more abstract meanings, for example), the discourse-pragmatic issues (range certain communicative purposes, as critique, judge, mock, claim, involving the reader, seeking her membership of a particular point of view). In addition, we found that the use of these morphic elements in genres of the sample analyzed were related to the subjectivity of the writer and the inter-subjective issues involving writer and reader, as Traugott and Dasher (2002). Finally, we contemplate discussion about the approach of our object of study in Portuguese classes in Basic Education.

A escrita no ensino fundamental II: uma análise dos desvios ortográficos e sugestões de estratégias de intervenção

Why students of 6th year still present oral marks in written? To answer this question our paper presents what they are and how writing and grammatical deviations occur and emerged in an attempt to expand on these studies. The same objective to evaluate the presence of these deviations in genres produced by students of the 6th year of the Municipal School Manoel Catarino Filho and check if there are more variation deviations or grammatical deviations. It also aims to improve the linguistic and discursive ability of students in various traffic environments of certain genres and consequently the formation of active readers and writers. In order to better understand how this process occurs, the text starts of the socio discursive conception of gender, with the theoretical background studies of Bakhtin (1992) and Marcuschi (2002) about this conception and the rhetoric conception of Aristoteles and Platão. The text underlies even the works of Callou (2007), Neves (2003), Faraco (2002), Franchi (2006) and Cagliari (2005) on the Grammar School, linguistic variation as also on the sociolinguistic parameters as well in research on the phonetics and phonology of Oliveira e Nascimento (1990), Seara (2009), Hora (2009) and in the PCN. To compose the corpus of this study we collected 23 texts produced by students to serve as a data source for analysis of the presented deviations by quantitative and qualitative research method, in which categorize the deviations found in two groups: oral and linguistic variation deviations and writing and grammar deviations. The results showed that there was a rate of occurrence of oral and variation deviations greater of writing and grammar deviations. We concluded that the orality has a great influence on the written production of students. Finally, we propose some activities aimed at minimizing the occurrence of deviations in written productions of the students.

Operações linguístico-discursivas em relatos retextualizados por alunos do ensino fundamental

The following paper attempted to investigate and discuss the possible improvements in the writing of students from the public network in the 6th grade of elementary school. This research was run in the professional master degree In Portuguese Language. Also based upon Genetic Criticism, this study attempting to analyze in which way and in which proportions the alterations done in the texts reveal and perspective capacity in the students as they replace, broad, remove or just move terms in their assignments. We tried to develop our analysis in the pragmatic perspective in which Textual Linguistic is included, investigating the texts and appreciating them as a construction process of meaning. Our theoretical discussion will be based on and socio-interactional conception of language (MARCUSCHI, 2008), as well as in the postulates of Analyze of Discursion (ADAM, 2010, 2008). It has also been used the theoretical assumptions taken from Genetic Criticism which regard the relation between text and genesis, due to the fact that it considers the text and a the result of a construction of progressive elaboration and the writing as an activity of constant movement (DE BIASI, [2000] 2010; GRÉSILLON, 1989; [1990] 2008; [1992] 2002; SALLES, 2008a). To assemble the data in this research we took into consideration the social variables related to the students and the sociocultural context. Nonetheless, this investigation point towards a real classroom situation where we tried to analyze the language functioning in application conditions, thus, giving us authority to describe more precisely the reality we lived in, which provided us with a more attentive look to the observed particularities. This description of the reality appreciated built a path that point to a research of qualitative data approach to which meanings deriving from interpretation were attributed. To conduct this research we resourced to the Action-Research process. The data are comprised of ten personal reports that were created from rewriting assignments, which constitutes a range of twenty texts assessed starting from the linguistic operations acknowledged by Generative Grammar and continued by Lebrave and Grésillon (2009). As result of this analysis, we identified the operation of adding more often than the other ones. The replacement and removal operations display a very close offspring. Nevertheless, the moving operation was scarcely used. These results, besides demonstrating linguistic creativity of the students, revealed that for a text to be seen as “concluded”, the writing student articulates new elaborations through these linguistic operators and that these movements of coming and going, of erasures and amendments contribute significantly for the teacher to approach the relationship the student keeps with his textual and discursive expression, and then, with that, to hold information that eventually provides individual and collective directions in school productions.

Os youtubers e a representação do certo, errado, adequado e inadequado no trabalho com a variação linguística em sala de aula

Some of the current discussions in the teaching of Portuguese Language (LP) pertain to how the school should deal with the phenomenon of language variation in the classroom. In 2010, for example, an explosion of talk took over the academic corridors: a book, entitled "Por uma vida melhor", the collection "Viver, Aprender", published by the MEC (Ministry of Education and Culture) to students EJA (Youth and Adults) brought notions regarding linguistic variation, even in their first chapter. In it is clear the notion that it is possible to make use of structures as "pretty boy", instead of "pretty boys", depending on the context in which such use is insert. Therefore, the discussions focused around the notions of variety cultivated, standard and popular measuring them to the possibilities of linguistic appropriateness. The community was surprised by the defense of the "power" to use, since it would be the school space to teach a standard "default", and not the possibility of legitimate use of grammatical patterns that clashed with those recommended in traditional grammars. The television media has been responsible for a major blaze that MEC had endorsed the use in schools of a book that legitimized such linguistic patterns. The quarrel was released on Youtube and in that space, netizens expressed themselves for or against the proposal of LD often directing the discussion to questions of a purely political. We observed that, on one side, loomed arguments related to Sociolinguistics (BAGNO , 2002, 2003, 2007, 2009; BAGNO, M.; STUBBS, M., Gagne, G., 2006; Bortoni - RICARDO, S.M., 2008; Tarallo, F., 1982; U. Weinreich, MARVIN I. HERZOG, Labov, W., 1968, Labov 1972, etc.); another, arguments concentrated on defending the school is the area of language teaching standard, and not fit to bring certain discussions within an LD. It was from these words, that this research was born. Interested in the particular way that the community media, which seemed to have no training in linguistics, understand the concepts of right, wrong, appropriate and inappropriate, so intimate in academic circles. Our thoughts take as reference the theoretical studies on the question of sociolinguistic variation and education, official documents that guide the "work" with the Portuguese language in the classroom, like the NCP (National Curriculum) and Curriculum Proposal for Education Youth and Adult (PCEJA). In our analysis, we found that LD" For a better life "makes no apology for teaching the "error", but it raises discussions about the possibility of "change", linked to factors and different order. We realize how significant it is to observe how speakers of a language are positioned in relation to language teaching which they are not speakers and scholars. Our study showed that certain issues regarding the teaching of the Portuguese language, as is the case of linguistic variation, points are far from being resolved, either for linguists and/or grammarians, whether for language speakers.

Educação bilíngue para surdos : um estudo acerca de práticas de letramento crítico com alunos surdos usuários da Língua Brasileira de Sinais

At a time when the issue of the inclusion of hearing-impaired students in regular schools has been discussed, it becomes necessary to reflect upon the relevance of a recurrent educational process in schools specialized in education for the hearing-impaired: the bilingual schools. Such institutions, still scarce in Brazil, offer an oriented and specialized education to hearing-impaired children and adolescents, since they have the Brazilian Sign Language as a language of instruction in all subjects, and the Portuguese written language as an additional language, which gives them the bilingual status. This research aims to investigate how the practices developed in my Portuguese classes in a bilingual school have contributed to the development of student‟s literacy, specifically the Critical Literacy (STREET, 1985, 1990, 1998), in two classes of hearing-impaired students enrolled in the final grades of elementary school. It is a qualitative, ethnographic research, which uses the triangulation system for analyzing data: (i) the pedagogical sequences; (ii) the students‟ activities and (iii) the teacher‟s and students‟ written accounts registered as field notes. Through the intersection of the data, this work evaluates whether students have achieved some level of Critical Literacy, and what kind of collaboration and/or activity is relevant during this process. This research is justified by the need to evaluate practices at bilingual schools that, although supported by current law in Brazil, are still a minority whose work is still not acknowledged or valued. The results show that activities using real texts of different genres can contribute to the development of Critical Literacy, and also to dynamic classes, with discussions about relevant topics to society in Sign Language. Also, activities that encourage students to do research and that provide to the hearing-impaired student, the understanding of the real usefulness of Portuguese as an instrument for the social inclusion of the hearing-impaired providing opportunities for them to change their social position can collaborate to this process.

Tradução e validação da Multidimensional Outcomes Expectations for Exercise Scale para a população portuguesa

Introdução: A prática de exercício físico, para além de combater o sedentarismo, contribui de forma significativa para a manutenção da aptidão física nos idosos, seja na sua vertente de saúde, como nas capacidades funcionais, e na melhoria das funções orgânicas e cognitivas, garantindo maior independência pessoal e prevenindo doenças. É essencial a tradução, adaptação e validação de instrumentos para Portugal que considerem a perceção do idoso em relação ao exercício físico, uma vez que não existem escalas que avaliem esta vertente na população portuguesa. Objetivos: Traduzir a MOEES para a língua portuguesa (português europeu); Adaptar transculturalmente a MOEES para a população portuguesa; Determinar as propriedades psicométricas da versão portuguesa da MOEES; Comparar as propriedades psicométricas da versão portuguesa da MOEES com a MOEES original; Verificar as expectativas dos idosos em relação aos resultados do exercício físico na melhora da sua qualidade de vida. Metodologia: A Adaptação transcultural da MOEES foi realizada segundo as guidelines da American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, que consistiu em tradução inicial, síntese de traduções, retroversão e MOEES-VPT, e análise psicométrica (validade e fiabilidade). Foram incluídos no estudo 88 indivíduos, idosos, fisicamente ativos, maioritariamente do género feminino. Resultados: Segundo a análise estatística, a MOEES revelou ótima validade de constructo (KMO=0,879, TEB X2=1094,253 e variância total explicada=61,7%), muito boa consistência interna (α-Cronbach Geral= 0,928, α-Cronbach Dimensões entre 0,829 e 0,897) e reprodutibilidade (p=0,000 para todas as dimensões), tornando-se num instrumento válido, fiável e eficaz para a população portuguesa. Conclusão: A MOEES revelou ser um instrumento com boas propriedades psicométricas para a população portuguesa, uma vez que se obtiveram resultados iguais e superiores que a escala original.

Caracterização do sistema vocálico do português culto falado em angola

O presente artigo situa-se nos domínios de especialidade da Fonética e Fonologia. Pretende-se, com efeito, destacar algumas características fonético-fonológicas do português culto falado em Angola, nomeadamente no domínio do vocalismo, identificadas e recolhidas de enunciados orais de cidadãos angolanos e residentes em Angola, estudantes e profissionais com nível de instrução médio-alto. No falar português desses indivíduos constam elementos que se opõem a determinados usos e hábitos linguísticos normativos do Português europeu, recomendados como usos e hábitos oficiais. Procura-se, assim, demonstrar que, pelo menos em relação ao sistema vocálico, o português angolano das camadas cultas da população difere do Português europeu.

Literaturas africanas de expressão portuguesa : formação e desenvolvimento das literaturas

Foca-se o surgimento das cinco literaturas africanas, sobretudo a partir de meados do Séc. XIX, com o surto da imprensa e, depois, do ensino, seguindo-se a literatura colonial e, depois dos anos 40-50, a vigência do Neorrealismo e da Negritude, passando pela temática da guerra (anos 60), até à pós-independência.

Literaturas africanas de expressão portuguesa : fortuna do modernismo e do realismo social

Circulação dos modernismos e neorrealismo (Brasileiro e Português) na Literatura Africana. Inclui excerto de Conferência proferida por Luandino Vieira, Porto, 1995.

Literaturas africanas de expressão portuguesa : o movimento da claridade

Enquadramento do movimento e da revista Claridade. Constituição do grupo. Suas principais obras. Incidências socio-históricas na estética do grupo. Principais vertentes temáticas. Depoimentos do escritor Manuel Lopes, da investigadora Elsa Rodrigues dos Santos e do Professor Alberto Carvalho.

Literaturas africanas de expressão portuguesa : o século XIX : belas-letras e realismo

As influências do Romantismo, do Realismo, do Simbolismo e de outros ismos nas literaturas africanas oitocentistas, nomeadamente na angolana, cabo-verdiana, são-tomense e moçambicana. Alguns exemplos de textos e temáticas. Depoimento de Ana Mafalda Leite, professora da Faculdade de Letras de Lisboa.

Décimas e quadras populares do concelho de Vidigueira: tradução para a língua francesa

No presente relatório, apresento um trabalho que foca parte dos elementos representativos do património popular, oral, poético e cultura do concelho de Vidigueira, composto por uma abordagem que respeita o trabalho dos seus poetas populares e por um processo que se prende com a tradução destas poesias populares na sua passagem da língua portuguesa para a língua francesa. É através destas formas poéticas, décimas e quadras, que cinco poetas e uma poetisa, todos eles autóctones e residentes neste concelho, retratam as suas matrizes sócio-culturais, espaciais e intelectuais. Quanto à tradução dos poemas, este processo aspira à transmissão da carga cultural contida nestas formas de poesia popular, a cidadãos francófonos. Para além da utilização de algumas ferramentas de tradução, aqui, e em simultâneo, são também aplicadas as técnicas de tradução apreendidas durante o percurso académico. ABSTRACT; ln this report, I present a work that focuses a part of the representative elements of the popular, oral and poetic heritage as well as the culture of Vidigueira council, based on a study containing the work of its popular poets and the process of dealing with the translation of these popular poems from Portuguese to French. It's through these poetic forms, tenth and quatrains, that five poets and a poetess, all of them native and residents in this council, portray their intellectual, spatial, and sociocultural frameworks. Regarding the translation of the poems, the process aims at the transmission of the cultural environment included in these forms of popular poetry, to francophone citizens. Besides the using of some translation tools, here, and simultaneously, are also used the techniques of translation learnt during my academic studies. Résumé; Dans ce rapport, je présent un travai! concentré dans une partie des éléments représentatifs du patrimoine populaire, oral, poétique et culturel de la municipalité de Vidigueira, composé par une approche concemant le travai!de ses poetes populaires et aussi un processus dont l'objectif est de traduire ces poésies populaires du Portugais vers le Français. C'est à travers ces formes poétiques, dizains et quatrains, que cinq poetes et une poétesse, autochtones et résidents dans cette municipalité, présentent leurs matrices socioculturelles, spatiales et intellectuelles. En ce qui concerne la traduction des poemes, ce processus vise la transmission de la charge culturelle contenue dans ces formes de poésie populaire, aux citoyens francophones. Au même temps que j'en utilise quelques outils de traduction, j'en applique aussi les techniques de traduction apprises pendant le parcours académique.

Falamos português : Portugal

Recursos Educativos - Humanidades