Direito à educação e o Ministério Público do Pará - sua atuação como agente fiscalizador

Essa dissertação objetiva demonstrar o papel do Ministério Público (MP) e sua atuação como agente fiscalizador do Estado na garantia do direito humano à Educação. Buscamos compreender como se dá o movimento de ampliação do Estado na garantia de direitos sociais com a participação da sociedade civil. Neste estudo, analisa-se o trabalho realizado pelo MP, por meio da atuação das Promotorias de Justiça da Infância e Juventude e Promotoria Constitucional de Educação, na cidade de Belém, no periodo de 2002 a 2008. Buscamos entender quais os limites e as possibilidades que este órgão apresenta, tendo como referência o paradigma juridico-politico da Constituição Federal de 1988, que atribui a esse ente estatal a promoção dos interesses sociais como também a fiscalização e o controle social junto a população da legalidade dos bens juridicos e das politicas públicas voltadas ao atendimento educacional. A educação, direito público subjetivo, é destacada em nossa última Carta Magna, assegurando força politica no espaço juridico. As possibilidades de concretÍZá¬Ia foram ampliadas, pois sua garantia é amparada em normativas constitucionais e inftaconstitucionais, sendo consolidada mediante a implementação de politicas públicas educacionais. Em defesa da ordem juridica, do regime democrático e dos interesses sociais, essa instituição se apresenta diferente dos outros entes estatais, pois, para proteger os direitos difusos e coletivos, pode reivindicar e responsabilizar o próprio Estado, por meio dos seus instrumentos judiciais. Este estudo está estruturado em três momentos. Iniciamos com a discussão sobre o Estado, objetivando estabelecer as relações da participação da sociedade civil na conquista dos direitos; apoiamo-nos nos teóricos da politica e elegemos Antonio Gramsci, por ter ele melhor compreendido que o direito não é algo mecânico, que permite apenas a aplicabilidade da lei, mas que é um produto humano, oriundo dos conflitos de interesses entre a sociedade civil e o Estado. Em seguida, traçamos em linhas gerais um breve histórico da instituição Ministério Público e de sua relação com o direito à educação, na realidade paraense, ilustrando-a com os dados oficiais que revelam o cenário educacional da região. Por fim, analisamos os procedimentos utilizados pelo, ente em busca de garantir o direito à educação, apresentando seus limites e seus avanços no combate às desigualdades educacionais. Os procedimentos metodológicos para a realização deste estudo foram os do estudo de caso, respaldado por levantamento bibliográfico e documental em fontes diversificadas e o trabalho de campo, quando usamos entrevistas semiestruturadas, que possibilitaram responder ao objetivo explicitado.

Morphological alterations of epidermis of rabbits infested by R. sanguineus ticks and exposed to Selamectin (active principle of Pfizer Revolution (R) acaricide): A confocal microscopy study

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Extended Daily Dialysis in Acute Kidney Injury Patients: Metabolic and Fluid Control and Risk Factors for Death

Intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) and continuous renal replacement therapies (CRRT) are used as Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) therapy and have certain advantages and disadvantages. Extended daily dialysis (EDD) has emerged as an alternative to CRRT in the management of hemodynamically unstable AKI patients, mainly in developed countries.Objectives: We hypothesized that EDD is a safe option for AKI treatment and aimed to describe metabolic and fluid control of AKI patients undergoing EDD and identify complications and risk factors associated with death.Study Selection: This is an observational and retrospective study describing introduction of EDD at our institution. A total of 231 hemodynamically unstable AKI patients (noradrenalin dose between 0.3 and 1.0 ucg/kg/min) were assigned to 1367 EDD session. EDD consisted of 6-8 h of HD 6 days a week, with blood flow of 200 ml/min, dialysate flows of 300 ml/min.Data Synthesis: Mean age was 60.6 +/- 15.8 years, 97.4% of patients were in the intensive care unit, and sepsis was the main etiology of AKI (76.2). BUN and creatinine levels stabilized after four sessions at around 38 and 2.4 mg/dl, respectively. Fluid balance decreased progressively and stabilized around zero after five sessions. Weekly delivered Kt/V was 5.94 +/- 0.7. Hypotension and filter clotting occurred in 47.5 and 12.4% of treatment session, respectively. Regarding AKI outcome, 22.5% of patients presented renal function recovery, 5.6% of patients remained on dialysis after 30 days, and 71.9% of patients died. Age and focus abdominal sepsis were identified as risk factors for death. Urine output and negative fluid balance were identified as protective factors.Conclusions: EDD is effective for AKI patients, allowing adequate metabolic and fluid control. Age, focus abdominal sepsis, and lower urine output as well as positive fluid balance after two EDD sessions were associated significantly with death.

Extended ionospheric amplitude scintillation model for GPS receivers

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

The Occurrence of Autophagic Cell Death in the Tegument of Rabbits Pre-Infested with Rhipicephalus sanguineus and Exposed to Selamectin (Active Principle of Acaricide Pfizer Revolution (R))

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Low mass pseudoscalar dark matter in an extended B - L model

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Monitoring of hydrogen sulfide via substrate-integrated hollow waveguide mid-infrared sensors in real-time

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Encampment time : an anthropological analysis of the land occupations in Brazil

In this article the social trajectory of a land occupation participant, an encamped woman (Edesmaria) who is a member of an extended landless family, is closely examined in order to demonstrate the inner workings of what is called 'the world of land occupations' in Brazil. Through a native expression (encampment time), it is demonstrated that nowadays, for some individuals, involvement in land occupations and landless workers' movements represents not just an opportunity to claim a parcel of land, but, even more importantly, a chance for social mobility and recognition. In this sense, encampment time is a social code and, as such, it not only quantifies the amount of time spent in a given encampment, but it is also a marker of prestige and status as well as a principle that organises and orders social relations in the land occupation world.

Effect of Avocado/Soybean Unsaponifiables on Osseointegration: A Proof-of-Principle Preclinical In Vivo Study

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Statistical and dynamical properties of a dissipative kicked rotator

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Dialysis complications in AKI patients treated with extended daily dialysis: is the duration of therapy important?

This trial aimed to compare the dialysis complications occurring during different durations of extended daily dialysis (EDD) sessions in critically ill AKI patients. We included patients older than 18 years with AKI associated with sepsis admitted to the intensive care unit and using noradrenaline dose ranging from 0.3 to 0.7 mu g/kg/min. Patients were divided into two groups randomly: in G1, 6 h sessions were performed and, in G2, 10 h sessions were performed. Seventy-five patients were treated with 195 EDD sessions for 18 consecutive months. The prevalence of hypotension, filter clotting, hypokalaemia, and hypophosphataemia was 82.6, 25.3, 20, and 10.6%, respectively. G1 and G2 were similar in male predominance and SOFA. There was no significant difference between the two groups in hypotension, filter clotting, hypokalaemia, and hypophosphataemia. However, the group treated with sessions of 10 hours showed higher refractory to clinical measures for hypotension and dialysis sessions were interrupted more often. Metabolic control and fluid balance were similar between G1 and G2. In conclusion, intradialysis hypotension was common in AKI patients treated with EDD. There was no difference in the prevalence of dialysis complications in patients undergoing different durations of EDD.