A gestão de riscos de negócio

Nos dias que correm, é cada vez mais reconhecido o relevante papel desempenhado, tanto pelo ERM -Enterprise Risk Management, processo de gestão de riscos de negócio – como pelo factor humano, na estabilidade da actividade das organizações, no seu atingir de objectivos e na sua performance. Neste contexto, mediante uma revisão bibliográfica das temáticas, neste estudo, partindo da questão “porque não desenvolver uma metodologia de gestão que conjugue Gestão de riscos de negócio e gestão comportamental nas organizações”, pretende-se criar uma abordagem do ERM dirigida para a gestão comportamental nas organizações. Para tal será desenvolvida uma metodologia de implementação dessa abordagem do ERM, a testar através de um caso prático/simulação e cuja utilidade e importância para o sector empresarial será analisada por via de uma pesquisa a enviar a organizações cotadas no Euronext 100 de Lisboa.

Experimental characterization of the out-of-plane performance of regular stone masonry walls, including test setups and axial load influence

Stone masonry is one of the oldest and most worldwide used building techniques. Nevertheless, the structural response of masonry structures is complex and the effective knowledge about their mechanical behaviour is still limited. This fact is particularly notorious when dealing with the description of their out-of-plane behaviour under horizontal loadings, as is the case of the earthquake action. In this context, this paper describes an experimental program, conducted in laboratory environment, aiming at characterizing the out-of-plane behaviour of traditional unreinforced stone masonry walls. In the scope of this campaign, six full-scale sacco stone masonry specimens were fully characterised regarding their most important mechanic, geometric and dynamic features and were tested resorting to two different loading techniques under three distinct vertical pre-compression states; three of the specimens were subjected to an out-of-plane surface load by means of a system of airbags and the remaining were subjected to an out-of-plane horizontal line-load at the top. From the experiments it was possible to observe that both test setups were able to globally mobilize the out-of-plane response of the walls, which presented substantial displacement capacity, with ratios of ultimate displacement to the wall thickness ranging between 26 and 45 %, as well as good energy dissipation capacity. Finally, very interesting results were also obtained from a simple analytical model used herein to compute a set of experimental-based ratios, namely between the maximum stability displacement and the wall thickness for which a mean value of about 60 % was found.

Remediação Ambiental

A agricultura é uma das atividades mais antigas realizadas pelo Homem, sendo de grande importância para a obtenção tanto de bens alimentares como de bens para outros fins. No entanto desde o início constatou-se que as culturas eram afetadas por pragas e doenças que levavam à perda das colheitas. Este motivo deu origem à necessidade de nesses termos surgiu a aplicação de substâncias com o objetivo de proteger as colheitas. Os pesticidas são substâncias naturais ou sintéticas, aplicadas com o objetivo de proteger as plantas eliminando pragas e doenças. Para além da potencial toxicidade destas substâncias, em alguns casos a sua degradação no meio ambiente por microrganismos, hidrólise, radiação solar, etc. dá origem a produtos de degradação tanto ou mais tóxicos que os próprios pesticidas. A utilização deste tipo de substâncias acarreta problemas, visto a sua aplicação ser feita de forma a compensar perdas que ocorrem por meio de degradação, lixiviação, entre outros processos. Este tipo de aplicação leva a que haja contaminação do meio ambiente por parte dos pesticidas, pondo em risco tanto a saúde humana como os restantes seres vivos. A utilização de ciclodextrinas no encapsulamento destes compostos tem como objetivo aumentar a estabilidade do composto e promover a sua libertação de forma controlada. No presente trabalho pretende-se efetuar um estudo comparativo sobre a fotodegradação do herbicida terbutilazina e do fungicida pirimetanil livres e quando encapsulados com 2- hidroxipropil-β- ciclodextrina. De forma a quantificar os pesticidas ao longo do estudo foi utilizado o método analítico de HPLC de fase reversa. Os resultados permitiram constatar que a terbutilazina é fotoquimicamente estável, nas condições aplicadas, visto que ao fim de 75 dias de as soluções de pesticida livre em água desionizada e em água do rio apresentarem ainda 98% do pesticida inicial e as soluções de pesticida encapsulado em água desionizada e em água do rio apresentarem ainda 98% do pesticida inicial. Neste caso particular não foi possível, no intervalo de tempo considerado, avaliar a influência do encapsulamento no processo de fotodegradação da terbutilazina. Dada a baixa fotodegradação observada optou-se pela adição de peróxido de hidrogénio às soluções de controlo e 35 mM de HP-β-CD e acetona às soluções de 0 mM e 17,5 mM de HP-β-CD, para tentar promover a degradação do pesticida. Através dos resultados obtidos constatou-se que particularmente para as soluções onde foi adicionada acetona houve um aumento da velocidade de degradação no entanto esta ainda ocorria de forma lenta e muito semelhante quer para o pesticida livre quer para o encapsulado. Relativamente ao estudo da fotodegradação do pirimetanil verificou-se que ao fim de 4 dias de irradiação as soluções de pesticida livre apresentavam já alguma degradação do pesticida e tendo o período de irradiação uma duração de 53 dias foi possível para este pesticida determinar os parâmetros cinéticos em algumas das soluções. Quanto as soluções de água desionizada e água do rio com pirimetanil livre ambas apresentaram degradação do pesticida verificando-se uma cinética de reação de 1ª ordem com constantes de 0,0018 dias-1 e de 0,0060 dias-1 respetivamente. Para a solução de água desionizada com pirimetanil encapsulado não foi detetada degradação do pesticida, já para a solução com pirimetanil encapsulado em água do rio verificou-se a existência de degradação que correspondeu a uma cinética de degradação de 1ª ordem com uma constante de 0,0013 dias-1. Através dos resultados obtidos pode-se concluir que o encapsulamento do pirimetanil com 2-hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina é vantajoso visto diminuir a quantidade de pesticida utilizado e aumentar a eficácia do controlo das pragas.

New strategies to detect and understand genotype-by-environment interactions and QTL-by-environment interactions

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Estatística e Gestão do Risco, especialidade em Estatística

Parasites in stool samples in the environment of Ilha da Marambaia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: an approach in public health

This research aimed to describe the frequency of parasites in stool samples in the environment of Ilha da Marambaia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. One hundred and five stool samples were collected and processed by the coproparasitological techniques ethyl acetate sedimentation and centrifuge-flotation using saturated sugar solution. Parasites were detected in 81.9% of the samples, hookworm being the most prevalent, followed by Trichuris vulpis. Ascaris sp. eggs were also found. A high level of evolutive forms of parasites with public health risk was found in stool samples of the environment studied. We propose that health education programs, allied to an improvement of human and animal health care, must be employed to reduce the environmental contamination.

Insights into human carboxylesterase 2 stability and activity in vivo and in vitro

Dissertation to obtain a Master Degree in Biotechnology

Emotion-oriented interventions for environment and the facilitation of pro-environmental behavior

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Ambiente, pela Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia

In vitro SCREENING ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF Bidens pilosa LINNÉ AND Annona crassiflora MART. AGAINST OXACILLIN RESISTANT Staphylococcus aureus (ORSA) FROM THE AERIAL ENVIRONMENT AT THE DENTAL CLINIC

Currently multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus is one common cause of infections with high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide, which directs scientific endeavors in search for novel antimicrobials. In this study, nine extracts from Bidens pilosa (root, stem, flower and leaves) and Annona crassiflora (rind fruit, stem, leaves, seed and pulp) were obtained with ethanol: water (7:3, v/v) and their in vitro antibacterial activity evaluated through both the agar diffusion and broth microdilution methods against 60 Oxacillin Resistant S. aureus (ORSA) strains and against S. aureus ATCC6538. The extracts from B. pilosa and A. crassiflora inhibited the growth of the ORSA isolates in both methods. Leaves of B. pilosa presented mean of the inhibition zone diameters significantly higher than chlorexidine 0.12% against ORSA, and the extracts were more active against S. aureus ATCC (p < 0.05). Parallel, toxicity testing by using MTT method and phytochemical screening were assessed, and three extracts (B. pilosa, root and leaf, and A. crassiflora, seed) did not evidence toxicity. On the other hand, the cytotoxic concentrations (CC50 and CC90) for other extracts ranged from 2.06 to 10.77 mg/mL. The presence of variable alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins was observed, even though there was a total absence of anthraquinones. Thus, the extracts from the leaves of B. pilosa revealed good anti-ORSA activity and did not exhibit toxicity.

Ligand K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy and DFT calculations on [Fe3S4]0,+ clusters: delocalization, redox, and effect of the protein environment

Ligand K-edge XAS of an [Fe3S4]0 model complex is reported. The pre-edge can be resolved into contributions from the í2Ssulfide, í3Ssulfide, and Sthiolate ligands. The average ligand-metal bond covalencies obtained from these pre-edges are further distributed between Fe3+ and Fe2.5+ components using DFT calculations. The bridging ligand covalency in the [Fe2S2]+ subsite of the [Fe3S4]0 cluster is found to be significantly lower than its value in a reduced [Fe2S2] cluster (38% vs 61%, respectively). This lowered bridging ligand covalency reduces the superexchange coupling parameter J relative to its value in a reduced [Fe2S2]+ site (-146 cm-1 vs -360 cm-1, respectively). This decrease in J, along with estimates of the double exchange parameter B and vibronic coupling parameter ì2/k-, leads to an S ) 2 delocalized ground state in the [Fe3S4]0 cluster. The S K-edge XAS of the protein ferredoxin II (Fd II) from the D. gigas active site shows a decrease in covalency compared to the model complex, in the same oxidation state, which correlates with the number of H-bonding interactions to specific sulfur ligands present in the active site. The changes in ligand-metal bond covalencies upon redox compared with DFT calculations indicate that the redox reaction involves a two-electron change (one-electron ionization plus a spin change of a second electron) with significant electronic relaxation. The presence of the redox inactive Fe3+ center is found to decrease the barrier of the redox process in the [Fe3S4] cluster due to its strong antiferromagnetic coupling with the redox active Fe2S2 subsite.

Biogenic amines in wine: gene transcription as a tool for selection of Oenococcus oeni starter strains

Dissertation presented to obtain the Ph.D degree in Biology

Insight into the multicopper oxidases stability

Dissertation presented to obtain the PhD degree in Biochemistry

ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (CITRONELLA) AGAINST Microsporum canis FROM ANIMALS AND HOME ENVIRONMENT

Dermatophytosis is a common zoonosis in urban centers. Dogs and cats have played an important role as its disseminators. Environmental decontamination is essential for the prevention of its propagation to humans and animals. However, sanitizers or disinfectants with antifungal activity, currently available, have high toxicity. The present study evaluated the in vitro effects of an extract of citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) on 31 Microsporum canis isolates from animals and home environments. Susceptibility tests were performed based on document M38-A2 (2008) of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute with modifications for natural products. Although susceptibility variation was observed between the fungus tested, the concentrations that inhibited the growth of 50 and 90% of the microorganisms were low (19.5 and 78 µg/mL, respectively). Thus, this citronella extract showed potent fungistatic and fungicide activities against M. canis isolated from animals and home environments. Therefore, it could be an alternative for dermatophytosis prophylaxis in the home environment.

Context-aware personalization environment for mobile computing

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Informática

Environment and Health in Children Day Care Centres (ENVIRH) - Study Rationale and Protocol

Background: Indoor air quality (IAQ) is considered an important determinant of human health. The association between exposure to volatile organic compounds, particulate matter, house dust mite, molds and bacteria in day care centers (DCC) is not completely clear. The aim of this project was to study these effects. Methods --- study design: This study comprised two phases. Phase I included an evaluation of 45 DCCs (25 from Lisbon and 20 from Oporto, targeting 5161 children). In this phase, building characteristics, indoor CO2 and air temperature/relative humidity, were assessed. A children’s respiratory health questionnaire derived from the ISAAC (International Study on Asthma and Allergies in Children) was also distributed. Phase II encompassed two evaluations and included 20 DCCs selected from phase I after a cluster analysis (11 from Lisbon and 9 from Oporto, targeting 2287 children). In this phase, data on ventilation, IAQ, thermal comfort parameters, respiratory and allergic health, airway inflammation biomarkers, respiratory virus infection patterns and parental and child stress were collected. Results: In Phase I, building characteristics, occupant behavior and ventilation surrogates were collected from all DCCs. The response rate of the questionnaire was 61.7% (3186 children). Phase II included 1221 children. Association results between DCC characteristics, IAQ and health outcomes will be provided in order to support recommendations on IAQ and children’s health. A building ventilation model will also be developed. Discussion: This paper outlines methods that might be implemented by other investigators conducting studies on the association between respiratory health and indoor air quality at DCC.

Evaluating Dynamic Signage for Emergency Evacuation using an Immersive Video Environment

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies.