Uplift resistance of buried pipelines in blocky clay backfill

This paper presents the results from 10 minidrum centrifuge tests conducted at the Schofield Centre, compiled with 4 additional test results from Thusyanthan et al., 2008. All these tests were designed to measure the uplift resistance of a pipeline installed into stiff clay by trenching and backfilling, then uplifted approximately 3 months after installation. All tests were conducted at 1:30 scale using soil obtained from offshore clay samples. Experimental results show that clay blocks remained intact after 3 prototype months of consolidation, and were lifted rather than sheared during pipe pullout. The uplift resistance therefore depends on the weight of the soil cover and the shearing resistance mobilised at the softening contact points between the intact blocks and within the interstitial slurry. Slow drained pullout led to lower resistance than fast pullout, indicating that the drained response is critical for design. The varying scatter shows that peak uplift resistance is very sensitive to the arrangement of the backfill blocks when the cover and pipe diameter are comparable to the block size. Copyright © 2009 by The International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers (ISOPE).

Propiedad privada, abasto y regulación del comercio y la circulación de mercancías en la campaña de Buenos Aires : desde fines de la colonia al gobierno de Martín Rodríguez

Resumen: El artículo indaga en la fiscalidad sobre el comercio interior de Buenos Aires y su relación con la consolidación de la propiedad privada en la campaña. A partir de un estudio de caso, se examinan las particularidades de las imposiciones fiscales sobre las actividades comerciales en el ámbito rural identificando cambios y continuidades en las formas de recaudación y gravamen. Este análisis se combina con el de los problemas que las prácticas ilegales vinculadas al abasto de ganado presentó tanto en su circulación en la campaña como en su introducción a los mercados citadinos. Ambas cuestiones son contrastadas con lo sucedido a partir de 1822, cuando durante el gobierno de Martín Rodríguez tanto el comercio como la circulación de ganado en el Hinterland intentarían ser regulados con mayor énfasis a fin de asegurar el respeto de la propiedad privada en el mundo rural.

La conexión árabe : una hipótesis sobre el surgimiento sociopolítico de Israel en Palestina

Abstract: Recent scholarship has shown that there is no solid archaeological or epigraphic evidence to deem the narratives about the rise to kingship of David and his son Solomon as reflecting the rise and consolidation of Israel as a Nation-State during the 10th century BCE. It is rather during the 9th century in the Palestinian highlands that we can find the emergence of a socio-political entity named Bīt Humri/ya or Israel in the contemporary archaeological and epigraphic records, but with an ambiguous character as a state. In this paper, it is suggested the possibility that the rise of such a polity and the constitution of an ethnogenesis are notably and directly related to the appearance of the Arabian network of exchanges in the early first millennium BCE in the Near East. Furthermore, from a critical point of view, one may suggest that there is no direct ethnic connection between the kingdoms of Israel and Judah and the later Jewish cults of Yahweh in Palestine.

La cuestión del estatus de la bioética contemporánea

Resumen: Este artículo es una breve exposición sobre la consolidación de la bioética como práctica social que, a través de la atención acentuada en el actuar de la gente común y sus principios generales de resolución, describe conductas humanas capaces de resolver situaciones específicas con dilemas éticos. Además, muestra la disposición de la bioética para encarar amenazas de la biomedicina o consecuencias negativas del mercantilismo y pragmatismo en la manipulación de la vida, la medicina o la fármaco-industria; así también, su capacidad para facilitar el diálogo sobre la admisibilidad moral de nuevas bio-tecnologías, para desarrollar la cosmovisión profesional en la toma de posicionamiento moral, o como una institución social en formación.

Molecular dynamics studies on dislocations in crystallites of nanocrystalline alpha-iron

Molecular dynamics simulations have been carried our to study the atomic structure of the crystalline component of nanocrystalline alpha-iron. A two-dimensional computational block is used to simulate the consolidation process. It is found that dislocations are generated in the crystallites during consolidation when the grain size is large enough. The critical value of the grain size for dislocation generation appears to be about 9 nm. This result agrees with experiment qualitatively. AN dislocations that are preset in the original grains glide out during consolidation. It shows that dislocations in the crystallites we generated in consolidation process, but not in the original grains. Higher consolidation pressure results in more dislocations. Furthermore, new interfaces are found within crystallites. These interfaces might result from the special environment of nanomaterial. (C) 1998 Acta Metallurgica Inc.

Radiografía del sector publicitario argentino : características sociodemográficas, organizacionales y actitudinales de la fuerza laboral de la comunicación comercial

Resumen: La globalización de mercados, la incorporación de nuevas tecnologías, la institucionalización y consolidación de los estudios universitarios y la creciente competitividad de la industria han impuesto cambios importantes en la comunicación comercial. La inexistencia de censos e investigaciones sobre las características de los trabajadores del sector hacían necesario realizar una radiografía la fuerza laboral publicitaria en Argentina. Como los datos señalan, se trata de un ámbito menos feminizado que en otros países, joven y con una alta satisfacción laboral.

El federalismo en el origen, consolidación, desarrollo y superación del constitucionalismo

Resumen: Los poderes territoriales predominaron en el nacimiento de los Estados en Europa occidental, en los que se advierten contrapesos entre órganos, de sustento consuetudinario y reconocimiento escrito de derechos. En la aparición y el afianzamiento del constitucionalismo escrito tienen singular importancia la transformación de confederaciones en Estados federales, en Estados Unidos, Suiza y Alemania; así como los procesos de Venezuela, Colombia, México, Brasil y Argentina. Su consolidación resulta de los sistemas de control de constitucionalidad: el difuso, que nace en Estados Unidos; y el concentrado, que comienza en Austria; ambos países federales. En la actualidad los Estados semicontinentales y las regiones de similares dimensiones pueden entenderse como superación del constitucionalismo, pues se ha modificado sustancialmente su ámbito geográfico, el cual resulta esencial para que la representación posea una inmediación suficiente y puedan funcionar los frenos y contrapesos que aseguran la moderación del poder. Una gran autonomía y fortaleza de las instituciones locales, es decir un auténtico federalismo, puede configurar un reaseguro suficiente para los objetivos iniciales del constitucionalismo: que el reconocimiento de los derechos y los equilibrios entre los titulares de poderes locales y centrales tengan la oportunidad de lograrse.

Dislocations in the crystallites of nanocrystalline alpha-Fe - A molecular dynamics study

Molecular dynamics simulations are carried out in order to study the atomic structure of crystalline component, of nanocrystalline alpha-Fe when it is consolidated from small grains. A two-dimensional computational block is used to simulate the consolidation process. All the preset dislocations in the original grains glide out of them in the consolidation process, but new dislocations can generate when the grain size is large enough. It shows that dislocations exist in the consolidated material rather than in the original grains. Whether dislocations exist in the crystalline component of the resultant model nana-material depends upon grain size. The critical value of grain size for dislocation generation appears to be about 9 nm. This result agrees with experiments qualitatively.

Centenário do genocídio do povo armênio

Objetiva tecer considerações gerais a respeito do genocídio sofrido pelo povo armênio em 1915, assim como de fazer algumas sugestões de manifestação, no âmbito do Parlamento brasileiro, na medida em que nos aproximamos do centenário desse holocausto em 2015, no sentido de extrair da tragédia ocorrida mecanismos educativos que sejam úteis para a consolidação de uma cultura de paz e de respeito aos direitos humanos em quaisquer latitudes.

Microstructures of explosively consolidated rapidly solidified aluminum and Al-Li alloy powders

The microstructures and the characteristics of water-atomized, nitrogen gas-atomized Al powders and ultrasonic argon gas-atomized Al-Li alloy powder were investigated by means of metallography, SEM, Auger electron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. Rapidly solidified powders were explosively consolidated into different sized cylinders under various explosive parameters. The explosively consolidated compacts have been tested and analysed for density microhardness, retention of rapidly solidified microstructures, interparticle bonding, fractography and lattice distortion. It is shown that the explosive consolidation technique is an effective method for compacting rapidly solidified powders. The characteristics of surface layers play a very important role in determining the effectiveness of the joints sintered, and the Al-Li alloy explosive compacts present an abnormal softening appearance compared to the original powder.

A study of the mechanism of consolidating metal-powder under explosive-implosive shock-waves

A study of the two-dimensional flow pattern of particles in consolidation process under explosive-implosive shock waves has been performed to further understand the mechanism of shock-wave consolidation of metal powder, in which bunched low-carbon steel wires were used instead of powder. Pressure in the compact ranges from 6 to 30 GPa. Some wires were electroplated with brass, some pickled. By this means, the flow pattern at particle surfaces was observed. The interparticle bonding and microstructure have been investigated systematically for the consolidated specimens by means of optical and electron microscopy, as well as by microhardness. The experimental results presented here are qualitatively consistent with Williamson's numerical simulation result when particle arrangement is close packed, but yield more extensive information. The effect of surface condition of particle on consolidation quality was also studied in order to explore ways of increasing the strength of the compacts. Based on these experiments, a physical model for metal powder shock consolidation has been established.

基于MATLAB小波分析的软地基加固探地雷达检测处理方法

从小波分解出发，利用多尺度分解对控地雷达波进行分析，并基于MATLAB的小波分析对深圳市公安局某工地强夯土石墩地基的检测结果进行处理，提出了具体的处理方法。

Evaluation of the conventional surveying equipment applied to deformation analysis of heritage buildings. A case study: the bell tower of Santa María la Blanca church in Agoncillo (La Rioja, Spain)

Contributed to: "Measuring the Changes": 13th FIG International Symposium on Deformation Measurements and Analysis; 4th IAG Symposium on Geodesy for Geotechnical and Structural Enginering (Lisbon, Portugal, May 12-15, 2008).

Uma contribuição para a melhoria da disponibilidade da infraestrutura de armazenamento consolidado de dados na Câmara Dos Deputados

Apresenta uma proposta de contribuição para a melhoria de disponibilidade do armazenamento de dados, baseado no estudo de caso da Câmara dos Deputados. Inclui a caracterização do ambiente existente, do ponto de vista da disponibilidade e o entendimento dos requisitos das efetivas necessidades do negócio, balanceadas pela relação custo/benefício. São avaliados os assuntos da alta disponibilidade e do gerenciamento de projetos relativos ao caso. São analisadas as práticas de Gerenciamento de Disponibilidade à luz de guias amplamente reconhecidos como o ITIL. A aplicação deste conhecimento, adequado ao cenário em estudo, permite a consolidação de um Plano de Projeto de implantação de melhorias.

El colapso del bacalao: la construcción de la memoria ayer y hoy

[ES]El bacalao de los Grandes Bancos de Terranova sigue sin recuperar sus stoks biológicos en el año 2005. Se llegó a esta situación por una combinación de factores. Este trabajo muestra la respuesta de los pescadores ante la prohibición del pescar el Food Fishery, donde se analiza la reconstrucción de la memoria y el afianzamiento de espacios de poder en función de los datos.