Rodococose equina: uma revisão com ênfase na fisiopatogenia e tratamento

The rhodococcosis affects humans and animals. Equine are the most important species for rhodococcosis, which is considered the most debilitating disease in the creation of foals, leading to a mortality rates greater than 50% in this category. The disease is caused by Rhodococcus equi, a bacteria considered as a soil-born opportunistic microorganism, intracellular and ubiquitous. The disease in horses is manifested mainly in the form of pyogranulomatous pneumonia and less often in the form of enteric disorders and / or joint disorders. Transmission occurs mainly by ingestion of contaminated food and water, and inhalation in contaminated environment. The organism has mechanisms of evasion of the immune system, maintain viable in inside phagocytic cells, and induces piogranulomatous infections, leading to lesions of difficult treatment using conventional antimicrobials. Lipophilic drugs with good intracellular activity are required to successful treatment. The conventional treatment for foals is based on the combination of erythromycin and rifampin. However, there is a growing concern about the emergence of resistant strains, which makes increasingly studies on the development of alternative antimicrobials for therapy

Efeito de intervenções não farmacológicas nos níveis de estresse em cuidadores de pacientes com doença de Alzheimer: uma revisão sistemática

Beside aging process comes the incidence of dementia and, among them Alzheimer's disease (AD) accounts for approximately 60% of cases. This disease is characterized as a neuropathology with unknown etiology that causes cognitive deficits and behavioral disorders. Caring for patients with AD can cause an overload, both physical and psychological, which can cause high levels of stress on the primary caregiver. It is necessary that the caregiver also receives attention and develop activities that promote health benefits, while providing moments of distraction from the task of caring. Nonpharmacological interventions may be favorable for improving health with consequent decreased on the levels of stress. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of scientific papers that aimed to verify the effect of nonpharmacological interventions on stress levels in caregivers of patients with AD. To contamplate this goal was accomplished a systematic search in the following databases: Biological Abstracts, PsycINFO, PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, LILACS and SciELO. The following keywords and Boolean operators was used: “caregivers” OR “family” and “nonpharmacological interventions” OR “support groups” OR “therapies” AND “Alzheimer's disease” OR “Alzheimer's dementia” OR “Alzheimer” OR “elderly” AND “stress”. There were found 3studies that met inclusion criteria adopted for the present work, and none showed significant results for the variable stress. It is not possible to affirm, according to the studies, that nonpharmacologial interventions programs for caregivers of patients with AD are effective to influence and to control the stress. However, studies show benefits for other variables such as self-efficacy and confidence in relation to care... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Síntese e avaliação da capacidade de doação de óxido nítrico de novos compostos com atividade anti-agregante plaquetária úteis no tratamento de anemia falciforme

A anemia falciforme é uma doença genética caracterizada por uma anemia hemolítica crônica e fenômenos vaso-oclusivos, que levam a crises dolorosas e à lesão tecidual crônica e progressiva. Tem sido relatado que pacientes com anemia falciforme apresentam aumento dos níveis circulantes de citocinas, incluindo fator de necrose tumoral-α (TNF-α). O principal fármaco utilizado no tratamento dessa anemia é a hidroxiuréia (HU), fonte exógena de óxido nítrico (NO) e responsável pela inibição da agregação de plaquetas e aumento dos níveis de hemoglobina fetal (HbF). Trabalhos prévios têm demonstrado a importância da subunidade 1,2,5-oxadiazol-N-óxido como doadora de óxido nítrico. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo sintetizar um novo derivado híbrido do 1,2,5-oxadiol-N-óxido para a formação de um composto útil para o tratamento dos processos preventivos contra agregação plaquetária exacerbado em pacientes falciformes

Estresse oxidativo em cães com doença renal crônica

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Exercício físico e funções cognitivas em pacientes com doença de Alzheimer: associação com BDNF e APOE

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Modelo experimental de conjuntivite alérgica: efeito do tratamento farmacológico com a proteína anti-inflamatória galectina - 1

Pós-graduação em Genética - IBILCE

Estudo do efeito de diferentes protocolos fisioterapêuticos no tratamento da osteoartrite de joelho

Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

Avaliação farmacológica de candidatos a fármacos para o tratamento da anemia falciforme

A anemia falciforme (AF) é a doença hematológica hereditária crônica de maior prevalência no Brasil, causada por uma mutação pontual no gene da β-globina, levando as hemácias a adquirirem formato de foice quando em estado desoxigenado. Essa alteração estrutural causa aumento da adesão celular, hipóxia local, vaso-oclusão e alterações na coagulação. O quadro clínico dos pacientes é diversificado, predominando a dor causada pelo processo inflamatório agudo e crônico, além de complicações que podem ocasionar infarto de tecidos e órgãos, levando à morte. O único fármaco aprovado pelo FDA disponível para o tratamento da doença é a hidroxiuréia (HU), mas, devido a sua toxicidade, têm sido intensificadas as buscas por novas possibilidades terapêuticas. O fator de necrose tumoral alfa (TNF-α) é uma citocina pró-inflamatória presente em grande quantidade nos pacientes portadores da doença, e o óxido nítrico pode contribuir para vasodilatação e proteção vascular. Assim, propôs-se a síntese e avaliação farmacológica de candidatos a fármacos para o tratamento da AF, desenhados com o propósito de apresentar propriedades inibidoras do TNF-α e doadoras de óxido nítrico (NO). Foi avaliada a estabilidade química dos compostos sintetizados, em água, pH 1,2 e pH 7,4, sendo o Composto II o mais estável tanto em pH ácido como em água. Em pH básico, todos os compostos se mostraram instáveis. Os compostos III e VI apresentaram uma maior inibição da agregação plaquetária, atividade também atribuída à capacidade de doação de NO. O composto III foi o único a mostrar-se inibidor de TNF-α e IL-1β, em todas as concentrações avaliadas, e, também, mostrou-se inibidor de NO, no teste induzido por LPS. Diante de todos os ensaios realizados, o composto III é o mais promissor candidato a fármaco, entre os compostos sintetizados, para o tratamento dos sintomas da anemia falciforme.

Métodos de pontos interiores e o planejamento de tratamento de câncer por radioterapia

O câncer é uma doença que tem início quando ocorre uma mutação genética no DNA da célula, onde o mecanismo de controle do crescimento normal do tecido celular é alterado. O tratamento do câncer por radioterapia tem como objetivo a eliminação das células cancerígenas ou alívio dos sintomas. Este trabalho visa estudar conceitos envolvidos no planejamento do tratamento de câncer por radioterapia, o modelo de programação linear, os métodos Primal-Dual-Afim-Escala e Primal-Dual-Clássico e apresentar uma aplicação dos métodos para problemas gerais de otimização

Conduta no tratamento de gengivite ulcerativa necrosante (GUN) em serviço de urgência

Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis is a periodontal disease which suddenly appears and presents an acute clinical course, characterized by patients' pain, discomfort and halitosis. Ulceration on papilla and marginal gingiva can be observed. For this reason, patients presenting this condition may seek dental assistance in Health Units or Graduation Institutions, being the dentist responsible for the adoption of a clinical treatment that minimizes symptomatology. The purpose of this case report is to expose and discuss aspects of clinical treatment for this disease applied to the reality of this service.

A utilização do enxerto ósseo autógeno para tratamento de lesão de furca grau II

Destruction of bone and periodontal ligament as a result of periodontal disease can lead to anatomical defects in the furcation area. Treatment of these lesions is a major challenge to the clinician. Periodontal instruments have limited access to this area and plaque and calculus removal from root surfaces are extremely difficult. For proper treatment planning a number of factors must be taken into consideration to achieve immediate and long term success. Surgical therapy associated with bone grafts may be a viable option in the treatment of class II furcation defects, aiming to restore lost tissues. The aim of this paper is to report a clinical case where a simplified surgical approach with the use of autogenous graft was used to treat a class II furcation defect Twelve months after the surgery, an increase in clinical attachment level and pocket depth reduction resulted in a complete closure of the furcation lesion.

Tratamento de recessões gengivais múltiplas: uma abordagem mais conservadora

Periodontal therapy has undergone significant changes in recent decades. While in the past the only goal was to restore gingival health, with no concern about the possible consequences of the disease treatment, currently the procedures are performed in a less invasive manner, to maintain aesthetic periodontal results or even recover them. Gingival recession is an alteration frequently found in patients and may be a complaint for causing various complications. For their treatment, several surgical techniques are reported in the literature. The techniques that are more predictable are those that associate a subepithelial connective tissue graft and a coronally repositioned flap. The original technique consists in performing two vertical incisions for an extensive release of the flap and its stabilization in a coronal position. Although this procedure is extremely widespread in the literature, the search for less invasive surgeries without the use of vertical incisions are the current aim of periodontal plastic surgeries, since they present several advantages. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate a case where adjacent, deep and multiple recessions were present resulting in aesthetic problems, which was resolved by a less invasive approach using a surgical technique in envelope and a subepithelial connective tissue graft.

Tratamento multidisciplinar: relato de casos clínicos

Introduction: Adult patients are more prone to periodontal disease mainly caused by poor plaque control. In these patients, orthodontic movement is not contraindicated, but it is necessary to evaluate their periodontal status so that we can establish the appropriate treatment plan. Objective: The objective of this article is to describe and discuss the clinical cases of severely periodontally compromised individuals in need of oral rehabilitation. Methods: The study consisted of orthodontic treatment of two cases with periodontal involvement. After clinical and radiographic examinations, the cases were analyzed by a multidisciplinary team of Orthodontics, Periodontics and Prosthodontics, in order to provide the patient with the best possible esthetic, functional and stability outcomes. Periodontal treatment consisted of supra and subgingival scaling prior to orthodontic treatment, and regular maintenance performed on a quarterly basis throughout orthodontic movement. Activation was carried out every 45 to 50 days, with light forces. Retention remains to the present day, even after completion of the rehabilitation. Conclusion: Multidisciplinary oral rehabilitation treatment yields satisfactory results. The interaction between Orthodontics and Periodontics reveals that patients with reduced, but healthy periodontium, can receive orthodontic treatment as long as the forces applied do not exceed patient's biological limits.

Diretrizes para o tratamento e acompanhamento periodontal durante o tratamento ortodôntico

The aim of this paper was to search though a revision of the literature the cares before, during and after the orthodontic treatment in patients with a periodontal disease. The literature shows that the orthodontical treatment in healthy patients brings no risk to the periodontium, although the presence of an active periodontal disease counter indicates the dental movement. Thus, it is extremely important to execute a correct diagnosis of any periodontal alteration and treat them before the beginning of the orthodontical treatment. Besides, during the whole orthodontical treatment is also important to have a periodontal control with periodic reevaluations and at the end of the orthodontical treatment, a new oral hygiene orientation may be needed to finally establish the follow-up of the patient according to the risk of periodontal disease.

Conduta de tratamento de gengivite ulcerativa necrosante (GUN) em serviço de urgência

Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis is a periodontal disease which suddenly appears and presents an acute clinical course, characterized by patients' pain, discomfort and halitosis. Ulceration on papilla and marginal gingiva can be observed. For this reason, patients presenting this condition may seek dental assistance in Health Units or Graduation Institutions, being the dentist responsible for the adoption of a clinical treatment that minimizes symptomatology. The purpose of this case report is to expose and discuss aspects of clinical treatment for this disease applied to the reality of this service.