Produtividade, eficiência agronômica, características nutricionais e tecnológicas do feijão adubado com nitrogênio em plantio direto e convencional

Altas produtividades do feijoeiro são obtidas sob condições tecnológicas adequadas, destacando-se o uso de sistemas de manejos de solo e a adubação nitrogenada, porém, há pouco conhecimento sobre tais técnicas culturais interferindo nas características nutricionais e tecnológicas de grãos. Desse modo, o trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a interferência da adubação nitrogenada em cobertura (0, 40, 80, 120 e 160 kg ha-1 de N) no feijoeiro, cultivar Pérola, cultivado no preparo convencional do solo e no plantio direto e suas relações com a produtividade, eficiência agronômica, características nutricionais e tecnológicas do grão. O delineamento experimental empregado foi o de blocos ao acaso em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições, onde as parcelas foram constituídas pelos sistemas de manejo de solo e as subparcelas pelas doses de N em cobertura. A produtividade do feijoeiro é influenciada positivamente pela adubação nitrogenada em cobertura, com maior necessidade de fertilizante no plantio direto. A eficiência agronômica é superior no sistema de preparo convencional do solo. O aumento do teor de proteína bruta é em função das doses crescentes de N em cobertura nos sistemas de plantio direto e de preparo convencional do solo. O tempo para cozimento dos grãos é diminuido em função das doses de N empregadas no sistema de plantio direto em relação ao preparo convencional. Há aumento no tempo para a máxima hidratação dos grãos até a aplicação de 120 kg ha-1 de N no sistema de plantio direto e no preparo convencional do solo.

Produtividade e características tecnológicas de cultivares de feijão em resposta à calagem superficial em plantio direto

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação superficial de calcário em plantio direto, na produtividade e nas características tecnológicas dos grãos de cultivares de feijão. O trabalho foi desenvolvido durante dois anos agrícolas, em Latossolo Vermelho distrófico, em condições de sequeiro. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições. As parcelas foram representadas por cultivares de feijão (Carioca, IAC Carioca Eté, Pérola, IAPAR 81 e Campeão 2) e as subparcelas formadas pelas doses de calcário dolomítico (sem aplicação de calcário; 1,8; 3,6 e 5,4 t ha-1). As cultivares de feijão tiveram desenvolvimento produtivo distinto em função das doses de calcário aplicadas superficialmente no sistema plantio direto. A cultivar Campeão 2 foi mais produtiva nos dois anos de experimentação e a cultivar IAPAR 81 respondeu linearmente ao aumento das doses de calcário no segundo ano agrícola. Houve efeito da interação dos fatores cultivares x doses de calcário para o tempo de cozimento, nos dois anos de experimentação, com aumento dessa característica na cultivar IAPAR 81, em função do incremento das doses de calcário. Comportamento semelhante foi obtido pela cultivar Pérola, porém apenas no segundo ano agrícola. O teor de proteína bruta variou de 210 a 230 g kg-1 e a relação de hidratação ficou próxima de 2,0 não sendo influenciados pelas doses de calcário e pelas cultivares de feijão.

Correlações genotípicas, fenotípicas e ambientais entre caracteres de mamoneira

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Inovações tecnológicas na caprinocultura

O largo crescimento do setor de agronegócios no Brasil tem estimulado mudanças nos sistemas produtivos, tanto na intensificação, como na profissionalização da produção. Dessa forma, os produtores têm buscado estratégias para melhor atender aos desafios da atividade pecuária atual, dentre as quais se destacam as inovações tecnológicas que devem resultar em comprovado benefício à atividade, seja pelo aumento em produtividade, seja pela melhoria na qualidade dos produtos, seja pela conscientização do respeito ao meio ambiente. Assim como em outros segmentos do agronegócio brasileiro, na caprinocultura existe uma demanda crescente pela aplicação de inovações tecnológicas, uma vez que o sistema produtivo precisa ser mais competitivo para se manter no mercado. Dentre as inovações tecnológicas aplicadas na caprinocultura, foram abordadas as mais relevantes nas áreas de reprodução (desde métodos para indução de cio até a prática da transgenia), melhoramento genético (biogenética), sanidade (inovações no diagnóstico e prevenção de doenças de maior impacto na criação), nutrição (inovações nos sistemas de alimentação) e tratamento de dejetos (diminuição de contaminantes no ambiente). A utilização conjunta das inovações tecnológicas nos diferentes segmentos associados à cadeia produtiva caprina pode fazer com que ocorram melhorias nos rebanhos assim como nos produtos gerados.

Análise tecnológica sobre os aspectos ambientais de empreendimentos hoteleiros da Praia de Ponta Negra Natal/RN: um modelo de sistema de gestão ambiental

The present work aimed the elaboration of an environmental study focused on the hotel sector in order to present an analysis of the environmental aspects of Ponta Negra Beach, in Natal, RN, Brazil and also the aspects of the small and medium hotels existing in this area. By means of this work, it is possible to elaborate a model of a simplified System of Environmental Management which can attend to the exigencies required by NBR ISO 14001: 2004, as well as to present economical viability and possibility to be implemented in a way that hotels may converge to the sustainable environmental development of the tourism in Ponta Negra Beach. The research methodology presents itself divided into three items: execution of the environmental characterization of Ponta Negra Beach, by way of technical visits and interpretation of satellite images and cartograms of the main environmental characteristics of the region; execution of the work already made concerning the development, application and interpretation of the evaluation of the environmental aspects of each hotel, considering the hotels and the period of data collection, these used in evaluation, research instrument and a description of the procedure utilized for the analysis of the collected data and the utilized methodology for the elaboration of a model of a simplified System of Environmental Management. In a general way, it has been concluded that the practices executed by hotels in Ponta Negra Beach are impact-like and harmful to the environment. The simple implementation of analysis procedures and control of the environmental aspects could suggestively contribute to the reduction of environmental impacts promoted by the hotel section at this beach and in the nearby areas. It had been noticed that the study contributed to the sensitization of managers concerning the environmental problems since, in many other times, the detected problem was, in fact, the non-acquaintance about the environmental aspects and impacts from those hotels administrators, because of the lack of surveys and studies about the theme. It had also been noticed the arousing of a possible environmental attitude from some managers

Fatores ambientais e estimativa de herdabilidade para o intervalo desmame-cio de fêmeas suínas

Este trabalho foi realizado com os objetivos de avaliar a influência de fatores ambientais e estimar a herdabilidade para a característica intervalo desmame-cio (IDC) de fêmeas suínas. Para isso, utilizaram-se 1.032 observações de 347 porcas Dalland (C-40), pertencentes a dois rebanhos. No modelo, incluíram-se como aleatórios os efeitos do pai e da mãe da porca e, como fixos, os efeitos do ano de parto, do rebanho e da estação de parição, bem como as co-variáveis idade da porca ao parto, tamanho da leitegada ao nascer e período de lactação. As estimativas dos componentes de variância e do parâmetro genético foram obtidas utilizando-se o aplicativo MTDFREML, que emprega a metodologia da máxima verossimilhança restrita livre de derivadas. A média foi de 5,3 dias, com um coeficiente de variação de 71,44%. O período de lactação teve influência linear sobre o IDC. do mesmo modo, a regressão quadrática do IDC em relação à idade da porca ao parto foi significativa. O pai e a mãe foram importantes fontes de variação no intervalo desmame-cio, que, provavelmente pelo fato de acontecer tardiamente na vida do animal, não foi influenciado pelo rebanho, pelo ano e pela estação. A estimativa de herdabilidade para o primeiro intervalo desmame-cio foi de 0,11, o que indica que esta característica não apresentaria ganho genético satisfatório como resposta à seleção individual.

Efeitos genéticos e ambientais sobre a idade à primeira concepção de fêmeas suínas

The genetic and environmental factors that affect age at first conception (AFC) of gilts were evaluated, using 466 observations of Dalland animals (C-40). The software program MTDFREML was used to assess the genetic parameters on an animal model that included as fixed effect, contemporary group and, as random effects, the additive genetic, the common litter and the error. Mean value of AFC was 241.12±25.9 days, with CV of 8.5 %. Variance analysis showed that year (P<0.01), season (P<0.01) and herd effects (P<0.01) were important sources of variation of AFC. The throat effect (P=0.34) was not important for the AFC, but the mother of the gilts (P<0.01) was an important source of variation. The heritability estimate was 0.44±0.14 that this trait would yield genetic gain as a response to the selection.

Proposta de localização de uma unidade de tratamento de óleo e gordura residual de fritura na cidade do Natal/RN para produção de biodiesel

This work addresses biodiesel by transesterification from the use of waste frying oil as a possible technological alternative for both reducing greenhouse gas emissions and by presenting themselves as an environmental call to designate a rational use of oil when no longer played in the environment to become renewable energy. It has proposed location of a residual oil and fat treatment plant to produce biodiesel, using models of Location and Routing for the improvement of routes. To achieve the goal, questionnaires were administered in establishments that use oil or vegetable fat in their productive activities in order to quantify the residue, to analyze actions and environmental perception of people who work directly with the residue on the destination you are being given to oil and fat used. It has indicated using of two single setup location, the method of Center of Gravity and the model of Ardalan, a geographical point that minimizes the costs of transporting waste to the treatment plant. Actions have been proposed for the improvement of collection routes this residue using the Routing Method of Scanning, as an illustration. The results demonstrated the lack of knowledge of the people who deal directly with large amounts of waste, on the environmental impacts caused by their incorrect disposal. The models used were uniform since point out to neighborhoods in similar regions. The neighborhoods of Lagoa Nova / Morro Branco (Ardalan) and Nova Descoberta (Center of Gravity) as ideal for the installation of treatment plant. However, it is suggested to be tested other models that take into account new variables than those used (supply of waste and the distance between points). The routing through the method of scanning has shown that it is possible, in a simple way to optimize routes in order to reduce distances and therefore the logistics costs in the collection of such waste. Introducing a route as a test to gather the twenty largest oil suppliers used in sample frying, using as a main factor time 8 hour of working shift every day

Participação pública em programas ambientais :um estudo em área suscetível à desertificação no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte

The natural resources degradation and its consequences to the society life have provided several discussions about the evaluation methods and environmental management, and the available means to minimize the effects of man s actions over the environment. Amongst these actions is the encouragement to the community participation in the process of carrying out the environmental programs, considering government and enterprises representatives or residents of certain places as social actors. Within these context, this paper had as a goal the investigation of the public participation in the environmental programs in areas that are susceptible to desertification, specificly in Parelhas/RN. The choice for this town was due to its insertion in an area considered as a desetification nucleous, which is, a region that suffers land degradation as a consequence of climate variations or human activities. Therefore, the research in question, of a descriptive and exploratory type, had as an instrument a structured questionnaire, applied to a sample of 223 people out of an 11,068 over 20 years of age residents population. The data have been tabled from Statistics for Windows Program and later interpreted based on the theoretical reference over the subject. As a result, corroborating to the literature of the area, it was found that the community participation in any type of action or debate about environmental questions is associated to the perception and knowledge about the problems. Although the people who were interviewed believe in the responsibility of the ceramic industry in causing environmental problems, they also believe that the benefits brought by the sector overcome such problems

Efeitos ambientais que afetam o ganho de peso pré-desmama em animais Angus, Hereford, Nelore e mestiços Angus-Nelore e Hereford-Nelore

Foram utilizados dados de 66.035 animais das raças Nelore, Hereford, Angus e mestiços Nelore x Angus e Nelore x Hereford, para avaliar a influência da idade da vaca, idade do bezerro e data juliana de nascimento sobre o ganho médio diário dos bezerros no período pré-desmama (GMD). A análise estatística revelou que estas três covariáveis tiveram efeito significativo sobre o GMD. Observou-se também que o ajuste linear para idade à desmama não foi suficiente para retirar o seu efeito sobre o GMD. Estes resultados mostram que tais fatores ambientais podem ser importantes fontes de variação para esta característica nos programas de melhoramento genético.

Estratégia ambiental e agências de viagens e turismo :um estudo sobre a importância de práticas ambientais na escolha de um pacote turístico

The objective of the work was to investigate, from the vision of travel agents, the importance of environmental practices as a decision factor in the purchase of a tourist package. For in such a way, it was established as target population, the travel agencies and tourism linked to he Brazilian Association of Travel agencies ABAV, hearing the Brazilian travel agents that exerted the function in Natal, city in 2005. The election of the sample was accomplished using the simple random sampling technique. The amount of agents effectively searched was of 150 agents being distributed 150 questionnaires, with closed and opened questions, applied during the month of November in 2005. Results showed great variability of interviewed answers in that if it relates for sale of package tourist where the customer demonstrates enviromental concern with the environmental quality. Through multiple regression analyses, it was environmental concern with the environmental quality of the place and the perception of the practical importance of the existence environmental practices in the place as important factor in the decision of tourist package purchase

Gestão ambiental e competitividade no setor da construção civil :um estudo sobre a aceitabilidade de práticas ambientais no mercado imobiliário

This work investigates the importance of Eco-Materiais applied in the civil construction and the necessity of knowledge of the real estate market, showing the importance of application of recycled products where inserted inside of a bigger scope of the sustainable development which has the subjects as the ambient management. In the theoretical referencial boarded the recycled and perfectly ecological products that demonstrate the applicability of this type of products in the sector of the civil construction, beyond the economic and social placesThe main popouse of the real estate sector is to show the awareness and demonstration in the negotiation of property constructed with these products, therefore, already it is practised by the market of the civil construction where much time sao commercialized by real estate and the its correctors lacking in same knowledge that is more deepened on these materials, having this evidence been made with statistical application of questionnaire and analyzed with base. We finish showing the statistical results with application of 142 questionnaires in a universe of 145 real estate from Natal/RN. With this, we may say that today exists a very strong concern with the environmental laws and the generated ambient impact in the civil construction and that the real estate sector has a feeling that the necessity of if inserting in this process, therefore, the real estate market in our State is in expansion and sensible to the necessity of changes, since the Natal/RN meets in the script of the tourism the International demanding of the professional that a globalized knowledge works with property, so the necessity of understanding the environmental laws and understanding application of the echo-materias used in the construction will give a better quality of life and at the same time to protect the nature

Fatores inibidores do uso de técnicas ambientais nos postos de combustíveis: um estudo de caso em Natal/RN

The objective of this work was to investigate the factors that inhibit the use of Environmental Techniques in the Gas Station of the city of Natal/RN. For this, a survey with the aid of a questionnaire was used like research instrument. It s used a sample for convenience, not probabilistic. For collection of the data, it was used directly application of the questionnaire to the Managers or Assistant managers of the gas station, in accordance with its availability or presence. The data was collected in all the regions of Natal (North, South, East and West). The population in accordance with the data of the ANP of September 2005 is of 111 ranks and the collected sample was of 86. To carry through the analysis of the data of this research had been used softwares Excel and Statistic version 5.0, for Windows. The analysis of data is divided in two parts; descriptive analysis and analysis of groupings (clusters). The results showed that bigger part of the interviewed ones has between 30 and 39 years of age; they have second grade completed; they had declared to have little between and reasonable knowledge how much to the use of Clean Technology (CT) in gas station; and a small part of the interviewed ones had informed to have much knowledge how much the resolutions of the CONAMA established for the Gas Station. Of the searched ranks, the majority is national(76.7%); the most accurate practice environmental used in the gas station are: it collects selective of oil used or contaminated and ecological tanks - coated with strengthened fibre glass; great part of the interviewed ones (33.8%) informed that never the TL makes planning of referring future action; about of the half of the interviewed ones (84.9%) they had more declared that its employees have of none to a reasonable level of training for deal with problems that compromise the environment; the majority of the ranks (72.1%) functions has for more then six years. It is observed that almost all the interviewed ones (96.5%) evaluate as being important or very important the implantation of CT in Gas Station and the great majority (82.1%) evaluates the difficulty in if implanting these technologies in Gas Station as being easy or very easy. In the analysis of cluster, it was verified existence of two groupings (as much in the variable of the barriers and benefits), being that inside of each clusters exists homogeneity and between clusters exists heterogeneity. In reality, everything is important or very important in the opinion of the interviewed ones. There only exists a small significant difference that separates them in clusters

Alianças estratégicas enquanto formas microorganizacionais em cooperação competitiva: o caso da Rede Universitária de Incubadoras Tecnológicas de Cooperativas Populares - Rede de ITCPs

At present, the network re appear like alternatives of find forms in arrangements inter-organizational that offer his members better opportunities of modernizes technological, insertion in the market, managerial and at the same time permit the exchange of experiences, information and knowledge for fortify and compete of equal for equal, permitting brighten up the harmful effects of the compete wild. A threat that can be minimized by the organization in net and the use of other forms interorganizational and strategic alliances. Therefore the demonstrates the context of the competitive cooperation in network, seeking criteria of analysis of that phenomenon organizational, on the basis of a study of case of the net ITCPs and in the literature researched, aimed with that criterion and indicator for creation of a model of evaluation in the future (Factor Net) that be prominent for the drawing of those forms organizational you maintained, supportive, competitive and cooperative

Passivo ambiental e o setor de exploração de petróleo em terra: abordagem teórica e percepção institucional dos impactos ambientais gerados na atividade

The search for a sustainable development is result of the exhaustion of the natural resources of the planet that demands globalizated politics with practical of compatible economic development with the protection of the quality of life for the future generations. This work presents a study on the thematic on the environmental liabilities in the organizations with focus in the industry of the oil and the production of oil in land in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. Some types of environmental liabilities are presented, as well as, some estimates techniques. Moreover, this work presents surveys of some variable that stimulate the organizations to implant technologies of reduction of the impacts in the environment as: the environmental legislation, costs, the main impacts of the production of oil in land. On the basis of the bibliographical research and in the identified variable, it was carried a case study with state and municipal technician that act in the sectors of fiscalization (IBAMA-RN and IDEMA-RN) with the objective to deepen the discussion regarding the impacts of the industry of the oil, the effectiveness of the current law, the performance of the institutions the federal level and how to prevent impacts in the environment. It was observed that the environmental liabilities are a little spread subject in the organizations, perhaps to be unknown and of few theoretical referencees at the national level, regarding to the evaluation techniques. At the same time, absentee in the national politics that conducts the oil exploration