801 resultados para Rehabilitation, Vocational


Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Larthrite est lune des causes principales de douleur et dincapacit auprs de la population canadienne. Les gens atteints darthrite rhumatode (AR) devraient tre valus par un rhumatologue moins de trois mois suivant lapparition des premiers symptmes et ce afin de dbuter un traitement mdical appropri qui leur sera bnfique. La physiothrapie et lergothrapie savrent bnfiques pour les patients atteints dostoarthrite (OA) et dAR, et aident rduire lincapacit. Notre tude a pour but dvaluer les dlais dattente afin dobtenir un rendez-vous pour une consultation en rhumatologie et en radaptation dans le systme de sant public qubcois, et dexplorer les facteurs associs. Notre tude est de type observationnel et transversal et sintresse la province de Qubec. Un comit dexperts a labor trois scnarios pour les consultations en rhumatologie : AR prsume, AR possible, et OA prsume ; ainsi que deux scnarios pour les consultations en radaptation : AR diagnostique, OA diagnostique. Les dlais dattente ont t mesurs entre le moment de la requte initiale et la date de rendez-vous fixe. Lanalyse statistique consiste en une analyse descriptive de mme quune analyse dductive, laide de rgression logistique et de comparaison bivarie. Parmi les 71 bureaux de rhumatologie contacts, et pour tous les scnarios combins, 34% ont donn un rendez-vous en moins de trois mois, 32% avaient une attente de plus de trois mois et 34% ont refus de fixer un rendez-vous. La probabilit dobtenir une valuation en rhumatologie en moins de trois mois est 13 fois plus grande pour les cas dAR prsume par rapport aux cas dOA prsume (OR=13; 95% Cl [1.70;99.38]). Cependant, 59% des cas dAR prsums nont pas obtenu rendez-vous en moins de trois mois. Cent centres offrant des services publics en radaptation ont t contacts. Pour tous les scnarios combins, 13% des centres ont donn un rendez-vous en moins de 6 mois, 13% entre 6 et 12 mois, 24% avaient une attente de plus de 12 mois et 22% ont refus de fixer un rendez-vous. Les autres 28% restant requraient les dtails dune valuation relative ltat fonctionnel du patient avant de donner un rendez-vous. Par rapport aux services de radaptation, il ny avait aucune diffrence entre les dlais dattente pour les cas dAR ou dOA. LAR est priorise par rapport lOA lorsque vient le temps dobtenir un rendez-vous chez un rhumatologue. Cependant, la majorit des gens atteints dAR ne reoivent pas les services de rhumatologie ou de radaptation, soit physiothrapie ou ergothrapie, dans les dlais prescrits. De meilleures mthodes de triage et davantage de ressources sont ncessaires.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Les tudes antrieures ont dmontr les bnfices de la satisfaction des besoins intrinsques et du soutien lautonomie dans le domaine de lducation. Or, lapplicabilit des tenants principaux de la Thorie de lAuto-Dtermination (TAD; Deci & Ryan, 2000) na pas t investigue auprs dune population clinique dadolescents. Lobjectif de cette thse doctorale est de faire la lumire sur la faon dont l'adaptation scolaire et sociale peut tre favorise par les agents de socialisation dans le contexte de la radaptation sociale. Cette thse est compose de deux tudes sintressant lapplication des tenants cls de la TAD auprs de deux chantillons dadolescents vivant des problmes dadaptation et recevant des services dducation spcialise et de radaptation sociale. Les relations entre les concepts motivationnels de base sont tudis afin de dterminer si, comme la TAD le propose, la satisfaction des besoins intrinsques des jeunes peut tre soutenue par le style interpersonnel des agents de socialisation (c.--d., le soutien lautonomie, limplication et la structure). Il est aussi vrifi si ces concepts motivationnels amliorent la motivation ainsi que dautres consquences qui rsultent de leur exprience, proposes par la TAD. La premire tude a valu si le style interpersonnel des enseignants peut favoriser la satisfaction des besoins des lves, leur style de motivationl, tout comme leur ajustement scolaire. Les lves en difficult dadaptation (N = 115) inscrits aux coles internes des Centres de Radaptation en raison de leurs problmatiques motionnelles et comportementales ont rempli les questionnaires deux reprises, au dbut et la fin de lanne scolaire. Les analyses de modles dquations structurelles rvlent que laugmentation du soutien lautonomie et de limplication (mais pas de la structure) des enseignants pendant lanne est associe une augmentation de la satisfaction des besoins des lves qui, consquemment, conduit une motivation scolaire plus auto-dtermine et une diminution dintentions de dcrochage la fin de lanne scolaire. De plus, lamlioration de la satisfaction des besoins mne directement une meilleure exprience affective lcole. La deuxime tude consiste en une recherche exprimentale conduite auprs dadolescentes en difficult dadaptation (N = 29). Le devis exprimental a permis de comparer limpact de la prsence (c. absence) du soutien lautonomie sur linternalisation dune tche et sur les consquences motivationnelles et exprientielles des jeunes. La tche, fastidieuse mais importante, consistait de la rsolution de problmes interpersonnels (activit clinique). Les rsultats suggrent quun style interpersonnel soutenant lautonomie a augment la motivation auto-dtermine, la perception de la valeur de la tche et son apprciation, ainsi que diminu les affects ngatifs comparativement la condition sans soutien lautonomie. Les rsultats sont discuts en lien avec les implications thoriques et pratiques dtendre la porte de la TAD une population clinique dadolescents aux prises avec des difficults dadaptation.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

De nos jours, lide selon laquelle bon nombre dindividus atteints de psychose peuvent se rtablir sensiblement au fil du temps est de plus en plus rpandue. Alors que le milieu mdical associe le rtablissement la rmission symptomatique, les usagers de services en sant mentale le voient plutt comme un processus o labsence de symptmes nest pas une condition sine qua non. Ne sopposant ni lun ni lautre de ces points de vue, le traitement actuel des psychoses vise le retour un fonctionnement social appropri. Chez les jeunes atteints dun premier pisode psychotique, une diminution marque des symptmes aprs un traitement pharmacologique se traduit rarement en une amlioration significative du fonctionnement, ce qui justifie la mise en place dinterventions psychosociales. On connait aujourdhui quelques variables associes au fonctionnement social chez cette population, mais celui-ci a peu t tudi de faon spcifique. De mme, on connait mal la manire dont ces jeunes vivent leur rtablissement en tant que processus. Cette thse porte donc sur le rtablissement et le fonctionnement social de jeunes en dbut de psychose. La premire partie consiste en une introduction aux concepts de rtablissement et de radaptation, et en une revue de la littrature des interventions psychosociales pouvant favoriser leurs rtablissement et fonctionnement. Plus spcifiquement, nous illustrons comment ces interventions peuvent sappliquer aux adolescents, clientle sur laquelle peu de littrature existe actuellement. La deuxime partie prsente les rsultats dune tude sur la valeur prdictive de variables sur trois domaines du fonctionnement social de 88 jeunes adultes en dbut de psychose. Des quations de rgression multiple ont rvl quun niveau plus lev de dpression tait associ une vie sociale moins active, quun moins bon apprentissage verbal court terme tait associ un plus bas fonctionnement vocationnel, que le fait dtre de sexe masculin tait ngativement associ aux habilets de vie autonome, et quun niveau plus lev de symptmes ngatifs prdisait de moins bonnes performances dans les trois sphres du fonctionnement. Finalement, la troisime partie sintresse au processus de rtablissement en dbut de psychose par lanalyse de rcits narratifs selon un modle en cinq stades. Nous avons dcouvert que lensemble de notre chantillon de 47 participants se situaient dans les deux premiers stades de rtablissement lors du premier temps de mesure, et que le fait de se trouver au deuxime stade tait associ de meilleurs scores dengagement social et de fonctionnement occupationnel, un meilleur dveloppement narratif, moins de symptmes ngatifs et positifs, et plus dannes de scolarit. Par ailleurs, lexamen des stades deux autres temps de mesure a rvl des profils relativement stables sur une priode de neuf mois. En somme, les rsultats dmontrent la ncessit dvaluer le fonctionnement social de faon plus spcifique et limportance doffrir des interventions psychosociales en dbut de psychose visant notamment le dveloppement des relations et lintgration scolaire/professionnelle, ou visant amliorer le faible dveloppement narratif. Cette thse est, de plus, un premier pas dans ltude du processus de rtablissement des jeunes atteints de psychose.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Essai prsent la Facult des arts et des sciences en vue de lobtention du grade de Doctorat en psychologie option psychologie clinique

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

This study analyses the socio-economic backgrounds and entrepreneurial profiles of the students and pass outs of the Vocational Higher Secondary Education in Kerala and the academic achievements of the Vocational Higher Secondary students and pass outs in Kerala in terms of their performance in the examinations. The study also analyses the quality and availability of the various training and support facilities of the Vocational Higher Secondary Schools in Kerala, nature and rate of employment and higher studies among the pass outs of the Vocational Higher Secondary Education in Kerala and the awareness of students, pass outs, teachers and principals regarding the goals and objectives, mode of implementation, apprenticeship training and higher study and employment opportunities of the programme of the Vocational Higher Secondary Education in Kerala.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Krishin Vigyan Kendras-KVKs (Farm Science Centres) have been established by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research in 569 districts. The trust areas of KVKs are refinement and demonstration of technologies, and training of farmers and extension functionaries. Imparting vocational trainings in agriculture and allied fields for the rural youth is one of its mandates. The study was undertaken to do a formative and summative (outcome and impact) evaluation of the beekeeping and mushroom growing vocational training programmes in the Indian state of Punjab. One-group pre and post evaluation design was employed for conducting a formative and outcome evaluation. The knowledge tests were administered to 35 beekeeping and 25 mushroom cultivation trainees, before and after the training programmes organized in 2004. The trainees significantly gained in knowledge. A separate sample of 640 trainees, trained prior to 2004, was selected for finding the adoption status. Out of 640, a sample of 200 was selected by proportionate sampling technique out of three categories, namely: non-adopters, discontinued-adopters and continued-adopters for evaluating the long-term impact of these training programmes. Ex-post-facto one-shot case study design was applied for this impact analysis. The vocational training programmes have resulted in continued-adoption of beekeeping and mushroom cultivation enterprises by 20% and 51% trained farmers, respectively. Age and trainee occupation had significant influence on the adoption decision of beekeeping vocation, whereas education and family income significantly affected the adoption decision of mushroom cultivation. The continued adopters of beekeeping and mushroom growing had increased their family income by 49% and 24%, respectively. These training programmes are augmenting the dwindling farm income of the farmers in Indian Punjab.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Executive Functions (EF) concern a range of abilitiesincluding problem-solving, planning, initiation, selfmonitoring,conscious attention, cope with new situationsand the ability to modify plans if necessary. Its ahigh cognitive function that is crucial for a person to getengaged and maintain daily activities whilst keeping agood quality of life. Problems in the EF were formerlyknown as Dysexecutive Syndrome (DS). There are manymodels concerning DS, although the literature on thesubject still remains unclear. Several works appoint theeffects brought by elderly life, as well as abuse of drugsand some psychopathologies. These factors are knownto increase the distress of the frontal circuits and thatcould be associated to executive deficits. The effects ofDS would compromise individuals in day-to-day routine,academic, social and labor fields. There is a growingbody of studies trying to determine the causes, implications,associations and the best way to take care of theseeffects. This work intends to review DS, focusing on themost important fields related to this area, such as psychopathologyassociations, cognitive reserve, assessmentand cognitive rehabilitation programs.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Introduction: Schizophrenia is a serious and chronic mental illness that has effect on cognitive and social functioning of a person who suffers it. Recent research points out that social cognition subprocesses, such as Theory of Mind, social perception or emotional processing, have to do with some problems that patients show in their social adjustment. Aim: Assessing ability of recognizing mental states from facial expressions in schizophrenia patients compared to a control group. Subjects and methods: 17 stable schizophrenia patients who are aware of the illness and 17 healthy people, with the same age and sociocultural level, took the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test Revised Version of Baron- Cohen. Results: Compared with the control group, subjects with schizophrenia showed much lower scores. Conclusions: It is confirmed that schizophrenia patients have impairments to understand facial expressions, especially from the eyes. That is typical of this illness, so it is necessary to do interventions at that point. Furthermore, inability to recognize emotions, as a domain of social cognition, contributes to deficit in functional outcome in schizophrenia. Finally, some treatment programs are put forward.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Objective: to present the effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation programs in the treatmentof a patient with asthma, this is the case of a young Caucasian girl 17 years old with severeasthma diagnosis, with symptoms since she was eight years old, 10th grade student. Method: She was referred to the program of Pulmonary Rehabilitation after three hospitalizations during the last year due to asthmatic crises, dyspnoea in activities of daily living, and intolerance to physical exercise. In the initial evaluation, a patient with non-controlled asthma was found; she was receiving short-acting medication admitting that she was not complying with regular use and with a prescribed dose of the pharmacological treatment and that she ignored the importance of this commitment for optimal evolution. The patient expressed concern about the progressive deterioration at her respiratory and functional level during the last year and her fear and anxiety for not being able to breathe during activities befitting her age. Results: One month after receiving bronchodilators and long-acting steroids permanently and complying with recommendations about regular use and adequate inhalatory technique, the patient was included in a three-times a-week program of pulmonary rehabilitation during eight weeks for upper and lower extremity endurance and resistance training. Conclusion: This intervention showed significant changes in the patient at functional level and a greater social participation.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Objective: To establish a prediction model of the degree of disability in adults with Spinal CordInjury (SCI ) based on the use of the WHO-DAS II . Methods: The disability degree was correlatedwith three variable groups: clinical, sociodemographic and those related with rehabilitation services.A model of multiple linear regression was built to predict disability. 45 people with sci exhibitingdiverse etiology, neurological level and completeness participated. Patients were older than 18 andthey had more than a six-month post-injury. The WHO-DAS II and the ASIA impairment scale(AIS ) were used. Results: Variables that evidenced a significant relationship with disability were thefollowing: occupational situation, type of affiliation to the public health care system, injury evolutiontime, neurological level, partial preservation zone, ais motor and sensory scores and number ofclinical complications during the last year. Complications significantly associated to disability werejoint pain, urinary infections, intestinal problems and autonomic disreflexia. None of the variablesrelated to rehabilitation services showed significant association with disability. The disability degreeexhibited significant differences in favor of the groups that received the following services: assistivedevices supply and vocational, job or educational counseling. Conclusions: The best predictiondisability model in adults with sci with more than six months post-injury was built with variablesof injury evolution time, AIS sensory score and injury-related unemployment.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Introduction: the statistical record used in the Field Academic Programs (PAC for its initials in Spanish) of Rehabilitation denotes generalities in the data conceptualization, which complicates the reliable guidance in making decisions and provides a low support for research in rehabilitation and disability. In response, the Research Group in Rehabilitation and Social Integration of Persons with Disabilities has worked on the creation of a registry to characterize the population seen by Rehabilitation PAC. This registry includes the use of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) of the WHO. Methodology: the proposed methodology includes two phases: the first one is a descriptive study and the second one involves performing methodology Methontology, which integrates the identification and development of ontology knowledge. This article contextualizes the progress made in the second phase. Results: the development of the registry in 2008, as an information system, included documentary review and the analysis of possible use scenarios to help guide the design and development of the SIDUR system. The system uses the ICF given that it is a terminology standardization that allows the reduction of ambiguity and that makes easier the transformation of health facts into data translatable to information systems. The record raises three categories and a total of 129 variables Conclusions: SIDUR facilitates accessibility to accurate and updated information, useful for decision making and research.