Modelo de gestión del conocimiento para una empresa del sector de insumos químicos para la industria farmacéutica, cosmética y de alimentos: caso Disaromas S.A.

La creación de conocimiento al interior de las organizaciones es visible mediante la dirección adecuada del conocimiento de los individuos, sin embargo, cada individuo debe interactuar de tal manera que forme una red o sistema de conocimiento organizacional que consolide a largo plazo las empresas en el entorno en el que se desenvuelven. Este documento revisa elementos centrales acerca de la gestión de conocimiento visto desde varios autores y perspectivas e identifica puntos clave para diseñar un modelo de gestión de conocimiento para una empresa del sector de insumos químicos para la industria farmacéutica, cosmética y de alimentos de la ciudad de Bogotá.

Cultura e innovación en empresas con relaciones de cooperación inter organizacional

Un gran número de empresas están inmersas actualmente en espacios de mercado conocidos y saturados de competidores. La innovación constituye una de las principales alternativas de las empresas para encontrar su posicionamiento estratégico y adaptarse a los cambios del entorno (Kim & Mauborgne, 2005). Igualmente, Demirci (2013) asegura que la cultura es un factor clave en la innovación, dado que está fuertemente asociada con los valores, actitudes, comportamientos y prácticas organizacionales. Esta investigación abarca el estudio de la cultura organizacional y la innovación en el marco de estrategias de cooperación inter-organizacional donde se plantea que el grado de cooperación que existe entre las empresas tiene un efecto sobre los valores culturales y la incorporación de innovaciones en cada organización. Para esto se llevó a cabo una investigación cuantitativa con un alcance de tipo descriptivo y de carácter no experimental y trans seccional, cuya unidad de análisis fueron 20 empresas de la red ParqueSoft Manizales. Para la medición de las variables de innovación se aplicó un instrumento basado en el Manual de Oslo de la OECD y Eurostat (2005) el cual contempla la innovación de producto, proceso, mercadotecnia y organización. A nivel de los valores culturales, la medición se realizó a través de un cuestionario inspirado en el modelo de Hofstede (1980). Los resultados obtenidos permiten demostrar que existe un grado de relación entre la cooperación y los valores culturales ‘distancia al poder’ y ‘tolerancia a la incertidumbre´, sin poder determinar la relación con la generación de innovación de producto, proceso, mercadotecnia y organización, así como con las otras dimensiones del modelo de valores de Hofstede.

Definition of an it project portfolio management methodology for a pharmaceutical company

Con la creciente popularidad de las soluciones de IT como factor clave para aumentar la competitividad y la creación de valor para las empresas, la necesidad de invertir en proyectos de IT se incrementa considerablemente. La limitación de los recursos como un obstáculo para invertir ha obligado a las empresas a buscar metodologías para seleccionar y priorizar proyectos, asegurándose de que las decisiones que se toman son aquellas que van alineadas con las estrategias corporativas para asegurar la creación de valor y la maximización de los beneficios. Esta tesis proporciona los fundamentos para la implementación del Portafolio de dirección de Proyectos de IT (IT PPM) como una metodología eficaz para la gestión de proyectos basados en IT, y una herramienta para proporcionar criterios claros para los directores ejecutivos para la toma de decisiones. El documento proporciona la información acerca de cómo implementar el IT PPM en siete pasos, el análisis de los procesos y las funciones necesarias para su ejecución exitosa. Además, proporciona diferentes métodos y criterios para la selección y priorización de proyectos. Después de la parte teórica donde se describe el IT PPM, la tesis aporta un análisis del estudio de caso de una empresa farmacéutica. La empresa ya cuenta con un departamento de gestión de proyectos, pero se encontró la necesidad de implementar el IT PPM debido a su amplia cobertura de procesos End-to-End en Proyectos de IT, y la manera de asegurar la maximización de los beneficios. Con la investigación teórica y el análisis del estudio de caso, la tesis concluye con una definición práctica de un modelo aproximado IT PPM como una recomendación para su implementación en el Departamento de Gestión de Proyectos.

Relación entre el desarrollo de sistemas de control de gestión y los recursos y capacidades caso : Teleperformance Colombia

Siguiendo un marco teórico integrado por varios autores entorno a los sistemas de control de gestión a lo largo de varias décadas, este trabajo pretende estudiar y contrastar la relación entre el desarrollo de dichos sistemas y los recursos y capacidades. Para tal fin, se desarrolló un estudio de caso en Teleperformance Colombia (TC), una empresa dedicada a prestación de servicio de tercerización de procesos o business process outsourcing. En el estudio se establecieron dos variables para evaluar el desarrollo de sistema de control de gestión: el diseño y el uso. A su vez, para cada uno de ellos, se definieron los indicadores y preguntas que permitieran realizar la observación y posterior análisis. De igual manera, se seleccionaron los recursos y capacidades más importantes para el desarrollo del negocio: innovación, aprendizaje organizacional y capital humano. Sobre estos se validó la existencia de relación con el SCG implementado en TC. La información obtenida fue analizada y contrastada a través de pruebas estadísticas ampliamente utilizadas en este tipo de estudios en las ciencias sociales. Finalmente, se analizaron seis posibles relaciones de las cuales, solamente se ratificó el relacionamiento positivo entre uso de sistema de control gestión y el recurso y capacidad capital humano. El resto de relacionamientos, refutaron los planteamientos teóricos que establecían cierta influencia de los sistemas de control de gestión sobre recursos y capacidades de innovación y aprendizaje organizacional.

Diseño de un sistema de benchmarking de prácticas de recursos humanos en redes interorganizacionales

Hoy en día en el mundo empresarial, son cada vez más las compañías que forman parte de redes interorganizacionales, debido a que al hacer parte de estas se genera un apoyo mutuo entre organizaciones sin que ninguna de ellas imponga acciones a realizar sobre la otra (Sulbrandt, Lira, Ibarra, 2001). En años anteriores se han realizado diversas investigaciones acerca de redes interorganizacionales, estudiando factores económicos, financieros y de mercado, pero poco se ha estudiado acerca del campo de recursos humanos y sus prácticas. Es por esto que esta investigación busca describir, explicar, analizar, y comparar, entre otras actividades intelectuales, conceptos de redes interorganizacionales, prácticas de recursos humanos y benchmarking, para finalmente proponer el diseño de un sistema de benchmarking que logre reunir y evaluar las mejores prácticas de recursos humanos de cada empresa dentro de una red interorganizacional.

Tecnologías y herramientas de gestión. Caso: grandes, medianas y pequeñas empresas en Bogotá

En este texto el autor analiza los resultados de la implicación de las tecnologías y herramientas de gestión e identifica el nivel de conocimiento que los empresarios tienen acerca de las mismas. Evalúa su aplicación e impacto, involucrando en la investigación 13 nuevas herramientas y tecnologías de gestión que han hecho su aparición en las organizaciones Colombianas. Presenta una agrupación de las mismas por categorías e introduce el concepto de herramientas de gestión, señalando su diferencia frente a las tecnologías.El libro presenta resultados de investigación y concluye con información y análisis importante en la gestión de las empresas Colombianas. Está dirigido a cualquier persona con interés en temas de dirección de empresa (empresarios, gerentes, directores, estudiantes de pregrado y posgrado, docentes de gestión). El libro parte de una presentación y agrupación de las tecnologías o herramientas de gestión, descripción de los objetivos que persiguen cada una de ellas, metodología de implantación y aspectos fundamentales y señala los resultados de la investigación realizada en empresas localizadas en la cuidad de Bogotá

Gestão e trabalhadores do conhecimento em Tecnologias da informação (UML)

RESUMO: O conhecimento existe desde sempre, mesmo num estado latente condicionado algures e apenas à espera de um meio (de uma oportunidade) de se poder manifestar. O conhecimento é duplamente um fenómeno da consciência: porque dela procede num dado momento da sua vida e da sua história e porque só nela termina, aperfeiçoando-a e enriquecendo-a. O conhecimento está assim em constante mudança. À relativamente pouco tempo começou-se a falar de Gestão do Conhecimento e na altura foi muito associada às Tecnologias da Informação, como meio de colectar, processar e armazenar cada vez mais, maiores quantidades de informação. As Tecnologias da Informação têm tido, desde alguns anos para cá, um papel extremamente importante nas organizações, inicialmente foram adoptadas com o propósito de automatizar os processos operacionais das organizações, que suportam as suas actividades quotidianas e nestes últimos tempos as Tecnologias da Informação dentro das organizações têm evoluído rapidamente. Todo o conhecimento, mesmo até o menos relevante de uma determinada área de negócio, é fundamental para apoiar o processo de tomada de decisão. As organizações para atingirem melhores «performances» e conseguirem transcender as metas a que se propuseram inicialmente, tendem a munir-se de mais e melhores Sistemas de Informação, assim como, à utilização de várias metodologias e tecnologias hoje em dia disponíveis. Por conseguinte, nestes últimos anos, muitas organizações têm vindo a demonstrar uma necessidade crucial de integração de toda a sua informação, a qual está dispersa pelos diversos departamentos constituintes. Para que os gestores de topo (mas também para outros funcionários) possam ter disponível em tempo útil, informação pertinente, verdadeira e fiável dos negócios da organização que eles representam, precisam de ter acesso a bons Sistemas de Tecnologias de Informação. Numa acção de poderem agir mais eficazmente e eficientemente nas tomadas de decisão, por terem conseguido tirar por esses meios o máximo de proveito possível da informação, e assim, apresentarem melhores níveis de sucesso organizacionais. Também, os Sistemas de «Business Intelligence» e as Tecnologias da Informação a ele associadas, utilizam os dados existentes nas organizações para disponibilizar informação relevante para as tomadas de decisão. Mas, para poderem alcançar esses níveis tão satisfatórios, as organizações necessitam de recursos humanos, pois como podem elas serem competitivas sem Luís Miguel Borges – Gestão e Trabalhadores do Conhecimento em Tecnologias da Informação (UML) ULHT – ECATI 6 trabalhadores qualificados. Assim, surge a necessidade das organizações em recrutar os chamados hoje em dia “Trabalhadores do Conhecimento”, que são os indivíduos habilitados para interpretar as informações dentro de um domínio específico. Eles detectam problemas e identificam alternativas, com os seus conhecimentos e discernimento, eles trabalham para solucionar esses problemas, ajudando consideravelmente as organizações que representam. E, usando metodologias e tecnologias da Engenharia do Conhecimento como a modelação, criarem e gerirem um histórico de conhecimento, incluindo conhecimento tácito, sobre várias áreas de negócios da organização, que podem estar explícitos em modelos abstractos, que possam ser compreendidos e interpretados facilmente, por outros trabalhadores com níveis de competência equivalentes. ABSTRACT: Knowledge has always existed, even in a latent state conditioning somewhere and just waiting for a half (an opportunity) to be able to manifest. Knowledge is doubly a phenomenon of consciousness: because proceeds itself at one point in its life and its history and because solely itself ends, perfecting it and enriching it. The knowledge is so in constant change. In the relatively short time that it began to speak of Knowledge Management and at that time was very associated with Information Technologies, as a means to collect, process and store more and more, larger amounts of information. Information Technologies has had, from a few years back, an extremely important role in organizations, were initially adopted in order to automate the operational processes of organizations, that support their daily activities and in recent times Information Technologies within organizations has evolved rapidly. All the knowledge, even to the least relevant to a particular business area, is fundamental to support the process of decision making. The organizations to achieve better performances and to transcend the goals that were initially propose, tend to provide itself with more and better Information Systems, as well as, the use of various methodologies and technologies available today. Consequently, in recent years, many organizations have demonstrated a crucial need for integrating all their information, which is dispersed by the diver constituents departments. For top managers (but also for other employees) may have ready in time, pertinent, truthful and reliable information of the organization they represent, need access to good Information Technology Systems. In an action that they can act more effectively and efficiently in decision making, for having managed to get through these means the maximum possible advantage of the information, and so, present better levels of organizational success. Also, the systems of Business Intelligence and Information Technologies its associated, use existing data on organizations to provide relevant information for decision making. But, in order to achieve these levels as satisfactory, organizations need human resources, because how can they be competitive without skilled workers. Thus, arises the need for organizations to recruit called today “Knowledge Workers”, they are the individuals enable to interpret the information within a specific domain. They detect problems and identify alternatives, with their knowledge and discernment they work to solve these problems, helping considerably the organizations that represent. And, using Luís Miguel Borges – Gestão e Trabalhadores do Conhecimento em Tecnologias da Informação (UML) ULHT – ECATI 8 methodologies and technologies of Knowledge Engineering as modeling, create and manage a history of knowledge, including tacit knowledge, on various business areas of the organization, that can be explicit in the abstract models, that can be understood and interpreted easily, by other workers with equivalent levels of competence.

WREN: electronic management system for facilities management

This paper describes a case study of an electronic data management system developed in-house by the Facilities Management Directorate (FMD) of an educational institution in the UK. The FMD Maintenance and Business Services department is responsible for the maintenance of the built-estate owned by the university. The department needs to have a clear definition of the type of work undertaken and the administration that enables any maintenance work to be carried out. These include the management of resources, budget, cash flow and workflow of reactive, preventative and planned maintenance of the campus. In order to be more efficient in supporting the business process, the FMD had decided to move from a paper-based information system to an electronic system, WREN, to support the business process of the FMD. Some of the main advantages of WREN are that it is tailor-made to fit the purpose of the users; it is cost effective when it comes to modifications on the system; and the database can also be used as a knowledge management tool. There is a trade-off; as WREN is tailored to the specific requirements of the FMD, it may not be easy to implement within a different institution without extensive modifications. However, WREN is successful in not only allowing the FMD to carry out the tasks of maintaining and looking after the built-estate of the university, but also has achieved its aim to minimise costs and maximise efficiency.

An analytic knowledge network process for construction entrepreneurship education

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to provide a quantitative multicriteria decision-making approach to knowledge management in construction entrepreneurship education by means of an analytic knowledge network process (KANP) Design/methodology/approach- The KANP approach in the study integrates a standard industrial classification with the analytic network process (ANP). For the construction entrepreneurship education, a decision-making model named KANP.CEEM is built to apply the KANP method in the evaluation of teaching cases to facilitate the case method, which is widely adopted in entrepreneurship education at business schools. Findings- The study finds that there are eight clusters and 178 nodes in the KANP.CEEM model, and experimental research on the evaluation of teaching cases discloses that the KANP method is effective in conducting knowledge management to the entrepreneurship education. Research limitations/implications- As an experimental research, this paper ignores the concordance between a selected standard classification and others, which perhaps limits the usefulness of KANP.CEEM model elsewhere. Practical implications- As the KANP.CEEM model is built based on the standard classification codes and the embedded ANP, it is thus expected that the model has a wide potential in evaluating knowledge-based teaching materials for any education purpose with a background from the construction industry, and can be used by both faculty and students. Originality/value- This paper fulfils a knowledge management need and offers a practical tool for an academic starting out on the development of knowledge-based teaching cases and other teaching materials or for a student going through the case studies and other learning materials.

Assessing the process of knowledge transfer – An empirical study

This paper investigates and evaluates the process of knowledge transfer in construction projects. Due to the highly competitive nature of business environments, knowledge transfer between organisations has become increasingly popular in recent years. However, although organisations can realise remarkable benefits by transferring knowledge from one unit to another, successful knowledge transfer can be difficult to achieve. The discussions presented in the paper are mainly based on findings of two case studies. The two cases were selected from Private Finance Initiative (PFI) projects in the UK. According to the case study findings, different stages of a knowledge transfer process can be overlapped, omitted, repeated as well as intermitted and then restarted. One of the significant findings of the case studies was the role of the "knowledge mediator". In selected case studies, there were external consultants and expert staff in the form of knowledge mediators. The importance of their roles was frequently highlighted by the interview participants. They were not only facilitating the close liaison between the knowledge source and the receiver, but also their role was strongly associated with practices of translation and interpretation. This combined role of mediator/translator, therefore, appears to be particularly significant for inter-organisational knowledge transfer in PFI projects.

Knowledge communication and translation- A knowledge transfer model

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a process model for knowledge transfer in using theories relating knowledge communication and knowledge translation. Design/methodology/approach – Most of what is put forward in this paper is based on a research project titled “Procurement for innovation and knowledge transfer (ProFIK)”. The project is funded by a UK government research council – The Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC). The discussions are mainly grounded on a thorough review of literature accomplished as part of the research project. Findings – The process model developed in this paper has built upon the theory of knowledge transfer and the theory of communication. Knowledge transfer, per se, is not a mere transfer of knowledge. It involves different stages of knowledge transformation. Depending on the context of knowledge transfer, it can also be influenced by many factors; some positive and some negative. The developed model of knowledge transfer attempts to encapsulate all these issues in order to create a holistic framework. Originality/value of paper – An attempt has been made in the paper to combine some of the significant theories or findings relating to knowledge transfer together, making the paper an original and valuable one.

KAIFIA: Knowledge assisted intelligent framework for information access

Accessing information, which is spread across multiple sources, in a structured and connected way, is a general problem for enterprises. A unified structure for knowledge representation is urgently needed to enable integration of heterogeneous information resources. Topic Maps seem to be a solution for this problem. The Topic Map technology enables connecting information, through concepts and relationships, and their occurrences across multiple systems. In this paper, we address this problem by describing a framework built on topic maps, to support the current need of knowledge management. New approaches for information integration, intelligent search and topic map exploration are introduced within this framework.

Knowledge and information evaluation practice: an exploratory study in a construction firm

There are a number of challenges associated with managing knowledge and information in construction organizations delivering major capital assets. These include the ever-increasing volumes of information, losing people because of retirement or competitors, the continuously changing nature of information, lack of methods on eliciting useful knowledge, development of new information technologies and changes in management and innovation practices. Existing tools and methodologies for valuing intangible assets in fields such as engineering, project management and financial, accounting, do not address fully the issues associated with the valuation of information and knowledge. Information is rarely recorded in a way that a document can be valued, when either produced or subsequently retrieved and re-used. In addition there is a wealth of tacit personal knowledge which, if codified into documentary information, may prove to be very valuable to operators of the finished asset or future designers. This paper addresses the problem of information overload and identifies the differences between data, information and knowledge. An exploratory study was conducted with a leading construction consultant examining three perspectives (business, project management and document management) by structured interviews and specifically how to value information in practical terms. Major challenges in information management are identified. An through-life Information Evaluation methodology (IEM) is presented to reduce information overload and to make the information more valuable in the future.