844 resultados para Modelos de transição de ensino à distância
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O presente relatório de estágio foi elaborado com vista à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Educação Pré-escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. Este relatório foi pensado e construído em torno da prática pedagógica desenvolvida quer em contexto de Educação de Infância, no Infantário “O Golfinho”, quer em contexto de 1.º Ciclo, na Escola Básica do 1º Ciclo com Pré da Assomada. Na sua primeira parte, o relatório faz um enquadramento teórico e metodológico que aborda questões como a consagração da educação e o ensino a nível europeu e nacional, o perfil geral e específico do educador de infância e do professor de ensino básico, os direitos das crianças, como também faz uma abordagem aos vários modelos curriculares que serviram de inspiração à “praxis” e à metodologia da investigação-ação, como a metodologia adotada em toda a prática pedagógica. Numa segunda parte, o relatório aborda a intervenção pedagógica em ambos os contextos educativos sustentada pelo referido enquadramento teórico e metodológico. A necessidade de se compreenderem e resolverem situações problemas naqueles contextos educativos e o objetivo de realizar uma intervenção pedagógica com qualidade e rigor conduziu-me à escolha da investigação-ação como metodologia de investigação preferencial. No âmbito da intervenção pedagógica, procurou-se, em ambos os contextos educativos, fomentar aprendizagens com significado, olhando para os interesses individuais e do grupo, encarando as crianças como seres com competências para participarem e integrarem os processos educativos, bem como, procurou-se estimular o bem-estar emocional do grupo e de cada criança, respeitando o ritmo de cada um. No final do relatório, é feita uma reflexão crítica sobre os estágios realizados em ambos os contextos educativos, destacando a sua importância para a constante evolução profissional do docente e para a construção consolidada da sua própria identidade.
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O presente Relatório de Estágio foi realizado no âmbito da Unidade Curricular de Relatório da Prática Pedagógica, do 2.º ano do Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico da Universidade da Madeira. Neste trabalho apresentou-se a intervenção pedagógica desenvolvida na Escola Básica do 1.º Ciclo com Pré-Escolar da Ladeira, numa sala de Educação Pré-Escolar, com crianças com idades compreendidas entre os 4 e 5 anos. Primeiro expôs-se a contextualização teórica que fundamentou a prática, procurando revelar os pressupostos teóricos mais importantes para a ação, tais como a identidade do Educador e principais teorias de Piaget e Vygotsky. Os Modelos Pedagógicos High/Scope, Movimento da Escola Moderna e as estratégias: aprendizagem cooperativa e diferenciação pedagógica também foram elementos indispensáveis para a ação. Recorrendo à observação participante, à análise documental do Projeto Curricular de Grupo e a diálogos com as crianças e a Educadora Cooperante, descobriu-se que o grupo apresentava problemas de comunicação oral. Com a investigação-ação ambicionou-se descobrir meios e atividades que pudessem auxiliar as crianças a comunicar oralmente. Para isto, foi necessário colocar em prática diversas atividades a fim de descobrir quais seriam as mais eficazes, tendo em vista colmatar as dificuldades sentidas. Consequentemente estimulou-se o diálogo, recorreu-se à Expressão Dramática, motivação, reforço positivo, histórias e recontos. Com isto constatou-se que a motivação, reforço positivo, histórias, recontos, diálogos em pequeno e grande grupo, levaram efetivamente as crianças comunicar oralmente de forma voluntária e mais espontânea. Por último, apresentou-se o desenvolvimento do Estágio, onde foi exposta a intervenção com o grupo e comunidade educativa, assim como os instrumentos de avaliação adotados para a verificação da aquisição das aprendizagens.
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O presente relatório de estágio foi realizado tendo em vista a obtenção do grau de mestre em Educação Pré-Escolar e no Ensino do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. As instituições onde desenvolvi o estágio ficam localizadas numa das freguesias do Funchal, São Martinho, mais concretamente na localidade da Nazaré. A primeira valência refere-se à intervenção pedagógica realizada no Infantário “O Girassol”, numa sala de transição II, dos três anos, com 15 crianças, e a segunda foi concretizada na escola EB1/PE da Nazaré, numa sala de 1º ano, com 22 alunos. O relatório explana e fundamenta, de forma reflexiva, o trabalho desenvolvido no estágio. Genericamente pretende dar a conhecer toda a dinâmica vivenciada em situação de estágio, assim como as opções metodológicas adotadas no decorrer das atividades desenvolvidas nas respetivas vertentes. A realização deste trabalho exigiu uma constante reflexão, que pressupôs uma autoavaliação das atividades desenvolvidas ao longo da minha intervenção pedagógica. Ao longo do relatório faço uma abordagem à teoria e à intervenção pedagógica de cada um dos contextos, assim como os aspetos metodológicos da ação educativa que proporcionaram momentos de ensino-aprendizagem. Durante essa construção tive em conta uma diversidade de instrumentos, tais como a recolha de dados, a observação participante, as conversas informais, as anotações de campo e a pesquisa documental. Este relatório encerra com uma abordagem sintetizada e reflexiva da ação, desenvolvida em ambas as valências, com o intuito de dar a conhecer aspetos essenciais que tornou o meu trabalho significativo.
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O presente relatório de estágio pretende dar a conhecer todo o trabalho realizado no âmbito da obtenção do grau de Mestre em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. Este trabalho incide sobre a investigação-ação praticada ao longo do estágio pedagógico realizado em dois contextos educativos, nomeadamente no 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e na Educação Pré-escolar. O primeiro foi concretizado na Escola Básica com PréEscolar da Nazaré, na turma B do 2.º ano e o segundo no Infantário “O Girassol”, na Sala de Transição I. Com a investigação-ação pretendeu-se, no 1.º Ciclo, demonstrar quais as alternativas que os professores tipicamente tradicionais têm para tornar o processo de ensinoaprendizagem mais ativo, participativo e diversificado. No pré-escolar, ambicionou-se demonstrar como é que o educador pode promover o desenvolvimento da identidade pessoal das crianças, com momentos de aprendizagem inerentes a todas as áreas de conteúdo. Os estágios contaram com o reconhecimento das caraterísticas de cada contexto e com a reflexão sobre os momentos de aprendizagem planificados pela estagiária. Estes últimos incluem não só as atividades desenvolvidas dentro da sala, mas também, os projetos desenvolvidos com a comunidade educativa e a família, bem como as ações que foram desenvolvidas com os membros da instituição. Todo o processo de investigação surgiu de forma contínua, à semelhança de um ciclo, no desenrolar de quatro fases principais: planificar, agir, observar e refletir, revelando-se numa metodologia dinâmica e reflexiva, que promoveu a sucessiva adequação e melhoria de estratégias. Neste documento, apresentam-se as opções pedagógicas adotadas na prática, as ações desenvolvidas na instituição educativa, as notas de campo e os registos efetuados como suporte da observação participada bem como as avaliações realizadas com o objetivo de verificar os efeitos das estratégias na aprendizagem. O relatório termina com algumas considerações finais acerca dos resultados da investigação-ação, bem como com uma referenciação dos aspetos valorizados na construção da profissão docente, adquiridos com o estágio pedagógico.
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The change in the economic world and the emergence of Internet as a tool for communication and integration among the markets have forced organizations to adopt a different structure, process-oriented with a focus on information management. Thus, information technology has gained prominence in the organizational context, increasing its complexity and range of services provided by this function. Moreover, outsourcing has become an important model for flexible corporate structure, helping organizations to achieve better results when carrying out their activities and processes and be more competitive. To make the IT outsourcing, it is necessary to follow certain steps that range from strategic assessment to the management of outsourced service. Such steps can influence the form of contracting services, varying the types of service providers and contractors. Thus, the study aimed to identify how this IT outsourcing process influences the use of models for contracting services. For this, a study was conducted in multiple cases study involving two companies in Rio Grande do Norte State, specifically the health sector. Data collection was carried out with the CIOs of the companies surveyed through semi-structured interviews. According to the results obtained, it was found that the outsourcing process more structured influences the use of a more advanced contracting model. However, there are features found in these steps carrying more clearly this influence, as the goals pursued by outsourcing, the criteria used in selecting the supplier, a contract negotiation, how to transition services and the use of methods management, but can vary depending on the level of maturity in the relationship of the companies examined. Moreover, it was found that the use of contracting model may also influence how it is developed the IT outsourcing process, requiring or not its more formalized and organization
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This work aims to describe how is occurring through the process of institutionalizing the Administration distance course of UFRN. To this end, structured into two parts: through research and analysis of content, sought to impound as if gave historic process of creation, as well as identify variables isomórficas, proposed by Powell and DiMaggio (1991), on the actions undertaken, and still present, institutional actors-having been found three typologies; then investigated the process itself, analyzing the factors of institutionalization suggested Esman (1966-1972), internal structure doctrine, leadership programme, resources, links and exchanges, from the political plan educational course. As the research methodology was defined as qualitative, even though I used survey to collect, reviewed the second ANOVA. The results found in this step pointed out that only the doctrine and internal structure variables are consistent with the assumptions of model; we found for other, discharged indicated a gap between the political acts contemplated in teaching and the actions taken so far, unfavourable element to its legitimacy. However, although the implications found in the analysis of these factors suggest that this course can derive one more discontinuous Government proposal of distance course, this study believes that are still reasonable assistance to facilitate and promote the process aimed at strengthening the progress achieved so far in the success of its institutionalization
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
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This thesis is the result of a study on the role of technical assistance in the process of agroecological transition, which are under way in rural settlements in the territory of Mato Grande, Rio Grande do Norte. Your goal is, from the Technical Assistance Program, Social and Environmental (ATES), launched in 2004 by INCRA understand to what extent this action accomplished their goal of doing a job with a focus on agroecology. To this end, we chose to work with a qualitative methodology, through interviews with settlers, advisors and representatives of INCRA. They also contributed to developing this thesis, the direct observations, which offer visits to settlements and advisory bodies in the Rede Pardal, apart from participation in meetings and activities in which they were being discussed the issues of advice, agroecology and rural settlements. The thesis is divided into five chapters, plus introduction and conclusion. The first three refer to a theoretical analysis and historical about the process of land reform, and as a result the establishment of rural settlements, the importance of peasant tradition for the design of agro-ecological design and the relationship between agricultural models and proposals advice to the countryside. In two subsequent chapters, there was a panoramic picture of the territory of Mato Grande, settlements and groups that make up this research, for then analyze the performance of advisory services in these settlements, with the parameter, agroecology. It was found that the advice in this perspective, suffers a series of constraints, causing a gap between the ideal proposed in the manual and the actual practiced in their daily lives. Still, it is concluded that the ATES has contributed to innovations in productive groups who are experiencing agroecological processes, which can be regarded as shoots for the transition to a new dynamic of development.
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The World has tried diverse democratic waves at distinct moments. Some nations have adopted the idea of the democracy for years; others have not yet and other ones are still in a slow process of transition. The field of studies on the Arabian political systems has testified since the last quarter of 20th century a notorious development. This advance disclosed in the existence of a set of trends that has turned around a number of concepts and main theoretical frames such as the political pluralism and the democratic transition and the civil society and its relation with the State. The speech on the process of democratic transition consists in part in the capture and the analysis of the role of the forces and the organizations of the civil society in this process. The peculiarities of the Arab World excite questions concerning the establishment of one governmental system in this universe in the mold of that one that develops with hegemony in the Occident, which has become an interesting field of inquiries for the Political Science. This study comprises the analysis of some aspects of the political situation in the Arab World towards the process of democratization in which Egypt and Lebanon are models of study. Thus the theoretical basis of the term democracy is introduced, presenting different considerations about this expression, since the sprouting of the term until its current conception; later the civil society is analyzed as well as the systems of the political parties and the electoral systems of both countries in attempt to identify the level of democratization existing there and also to find the possible ways to magnify the democratic horizons
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This thesis has the aim to comprehend the development of the superior graduation in life service and daily scholar of the history teachers in-land of Sergipe. The History Course graduation was realized through the second part of (Projeto de Qualificação Docente-PQD), the so-called, Teaching Qualification Project of the Federal University of Sergipe, first settled in 1998. Eight teachers were chosen for this research with more than (15) fifteen years of teaching in the Fundamental and Medium levels at public schools of our state (Sergipe). This empiric research priviledged oral testimony from them, which (ones) reveled about the memory tragetory of life. Since childhood until the History Course graduation, besides the evidence as Principal of schools as well as the following classes. All of them were interviewed from in-land and they are from very poor families with lack of social economical conditions. Those evidencies point out economic limitations in their different towns, that contributed to the continuous obstacle in the following studies, moreover in the common market. Therefore they still teach in order to believe in who´s at the botton of this business. Their testimony about this history graduation through PQD , gave them new Professional horizons, modifying their pedagogic practice, choosing what is worth into the social space beyond life expectancy. Through the analyses from all the documents and evidence in loco, it was evident that this graduation is not sufficient to change all the acting of teaching. Consequently, the lack of scholar situation still happens because this qualification doesn´t consider the knowledge of the teachers into their contexts. This research could also observe that besides the changing purposes in the suggested common-job by the globalization, the public politics education, is still underdeveloped in-land of Sergipe. According to the educational laws which obliges all tearches should be graduated, it could be observed that nothing changed into their acting. The old curricula don´t give them new possibility in their acting. At last their salaries, poor conditions in their common-job as well as the difficult ways to get to their pos graduation course still contributes to the underdeveloped acting before they´d graduated from the period before of their graduation
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Cette étude propose une lecture du sport d endurance, prenant comme perspective théorique l imaginaire radical et considérant les dimensions socio-historiques e subjectives de la pratique de courses de longue distance. D abord, l échantillon la recherche a été composé de huit sujets-atlètes du groupe de courreurs de rue Sport Vida. Ainsi, em même temps que nous faisons une analyse socio-historique de cette pratique sportive, nous considérons l ensemble des aspects sócio-culturels et poursuivons la recherche avec comme objectif de comprendre les sens qui lui sont attribués par les sjuets-atlètes, au-delá de l aspect économique et de la consommation. Nous observons que, même si l altétismo qui est pratiqué a des aspects competitifs (economiques), les atlètes créent d autres sens pour continuer a pratiquer ce sport, comme les amitiés, être ensemble avec les amis. Ils rompent avec la logique déterministe du sport dépasser la limite du corps, vaincre à n importe quel prix, dépasser les collègues -, en cherchant des moments de solidarité, un sport sans violence et affectif. Nous percevons néanmoins des contradictions dans le discours de quelques atlètes quand confessent que le plus important est l amour du sport, les amitiés, mais réclament du manque de sponsorts et d appui pour pouvoir s entrainer tranquillement. Cette recherche a aussi montré que dans la pratique de ce sport, les atlètes construisent une obstination, sachant le sacrifice qu il impose au corps, mais cela se transforme en plaisir, excitation et recherche d émotions fortes. Valeurs éthiques sont aussi construites et valorisées dans l atlétisme, ce qui est observé lorsque que les sujets-atlètes critiquent avec véemence a propos de l usage de substances chimiques par les sportifs. En choisissant l imaginaire radical comme principale inspiration théorique pour cette recherche, il devient évident que le sport peut être ressignifié, à partir du moment que cet imaginaire est potencialisé dans l enseignement de l éducation physique, porvocant chez les élèves une réflexion critique sur la société et sur le sport, qui passe à être redimensionné vers la solidarité, avec démocratie et autonomie. Enfin, l étude a révélé que le sport d endurance est capable de créer des liens sociaux et structurer des relations à partir de cette pratique
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El objetivo en esta tesis consistió en estudiar el proceso de los cambios de los conceptos de profesores de la educación infantil y de los años iníciales de la educación básica referente a la enseñanza de la matemática. La investigación se desenvolvió en la escuela Presidente Kennedy, en la ciudad de Natal, en Rio Grande do Norte, teniendo como participante 05 (cinco) profesores del curso normal superior a través de la educación superior del instituto relacionado. El trabajo asocia el programa a él Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, en la base de pesquisa Formação e Profissionalização Docente coordinada de los doctores Betânia Leite Ramalho e Isauro Beltran Núñez. El referencial teórico-metodológico en quien si apoya el trabajo se inserta en la señal conceptual usada por Giordan y de Vecchi (1996), de Carrillo y Contreras (1994), Ramalho; Núñez y Gauthier (2003), Ponte (1998), Guimarães (1988), Ernest (1989). En esta investigación, los conceptos de los profesores habían sido estudiados en el contexto educativo de la formación del nivel superior, usándola reflexiva crítico práctico como estrategia formativa. Estos conceptos se entienden como estructuras subyacentes al pensamiento del profesor. Dado la naturaleza del objeto del estudio, la información, para las intenciones de esta investigación, habían sido cosechados a través de los instrumentos siguientes: cuestionario, plan de la lección, entrevista diaria y del campo. El cuestionario fue constituido de preguntas abiertas y de las entrevistas de la mitad-structuralized. La organización de los datos permitió a La inferencia de los conceptos, usando la técnica de la triangulación de datos. La investigación divulgó que los conceptos de los profesores, a través del proceso formativo, se habían desarrollado de una plataforma para otra, yéndose puesto que los modelos didácticos tradicionales para otros modelos dirigidos a una tendencia didáctica de espontaneísta/investigativa. La reflexión crítica era considerada como elemento catalítico de los cambios de los conceptos de los profesores en la educación de las matemáticas, sin embargo déjenos verifican que estos cambios son difíciles de ocurrir para la naturaleza compleja de estos conceptos. Como facilitadores de los factores de estos cambios, encontramos y el investigativo el trabajo, la dinámica y la naturaleza de las actividades se convirtió en el colaborativo de proceso formativo, entre otros. Como obstáculos a los cambios, identificamos el contexto del trabajo de los profesores, de la cultura de los individualistas prácticos de sus profesores de los colegas, del concepto linear, estático y de los mecánicos de los procesos para enseñar, el conocimiento profesional construído durante la formación inicial, alineación con los modelos didácticos de sus viejos profesores, entre otros
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The rational construction necessary to systematize scientific knowledge in physics, introduces difficulties of understanding in some of its concepts. One of these concepts which exemplify properly this difficulty in learning or teaching is entropy. This thesis propose the construction of a didactic route which constitute itself a historical and epistemological course to entropy, intending to contribute for teaching this concept as well as other physics concepts. The basic assumption to build this route is that through the historical review of the development of this concept in the way suggested by Bachelard s (1884-1962) epistemology it is possible to make subjects, to be taught and learned, more meaningful. Initially I composed a brief biographical note to give the reader an idea about the issues, interests and reflections, related to science, and how I dealt with them in my private and professional life, as well as the role they played to lead me to write this thesis. The strategy to construct the route to entropy was to split the usual contents of basic thermodynamics in three moments in a way they can constitute epistemological units , which can be identified by the way of thinking in the corresponding moments of scientific knowledge production: a technical and empiricist moment, a rationalist and positivist moment and a post-positivist rationalist one. The transition between each moment is characterized by a rupture with the former way of thinking; however the progress in the construction of knowledge in the area is evident. As the final part of this work I present an analysis based on elements of Bachelard s epistemology that are present in each moment. This analysis is the basic component of the didactic route that I propose myself to build. The way I made this route guide to entropy could contribute to the construction of other didactic routes in physics and other sciences, in a way to unveil hidden meanings and as a tool to humanize scientific knowledge.
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This article refers to a research which tries to historically (re)construct the conceptual development of the Integral and Differential calculus, taking into account its constructing model feature, since the Greeks to Newton. These models were created by the problems that have been proposed by the history and were being modified by the time the new problems were put and the mathematics known advanced. In this perspective, I also show how a number of nature philosophers and mathematicians got involved by this process. Starting with the speculations over scientific and philosophical natures done by the ancient Greeks, it culminates with Newton s work in the 17th century. Moreover, I present and analyze the problems proposed (open questions), models generated (questions answered) as well as the religious, political, economic and social conditions involved. This work is divided into 6 chapters plus the final considerations. Chapter 1 shows how the research came about, given my motivation and experience. I outline the ways I have gone trough to refine the main question and present the subject of and the objectives of the research, ending the chapter showing the theoretical bases by which the research was carried out, naming such bases as Investigation Theoretical Fields (ITF). Chapter 2 presents each one of the theoretical bases, which was introduced in the chapter 1 s end. In this discuss, I try to connect the ITF to the research. The Chapter 3 discusses the methodological choices done considering the theoretical fields considered. So, the Chapters 4, 5 and 6 present the main corpus of the research, i.e., they reconstruct the calculus history under a perspective of model building (questions answered) from the problems given (open questions), analyzing since the ancient Greeks contribution (Chapter 4), pos- Greek, especially, the Romans contribution, Hindus, Arabian, and the contribution on the Medium Age (Chapter 5). I relate the European reborn and the contribution of the philosophers and scientists until culminate with the Newton s work (Chapter 6). In the final considerations, it finally gives an account on my impressions about the development of the research as well as the results reached here. By the end, I plan out a propose of curse of Differential and Integral Calculus, having by basis the last three chapters of the article
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In contemporary society, distance education is expanding, especially in the offering of courses of initiatory professor training. By the side of possibilities, there is the need to critically reflect on the government decision to finance, and even to incite distance education, as a more economic way to achieve, within different time and space, the greatest quantity of the population, trying to fill the gaps of the Brazilian school education. The research was made in the Biology Bachelor Course offered by the Pernambuco University (UPE), in the context of the Presential Support Pole of the Paraiba State University, located in the city of Campina Grande. Along this study, we intend to analyze the evaluation practice and the instruments of valuation available in the virtual environment of learning (AVA), used by the former professors in the learning evaluation of the contents offered by the reference course. The relevance of the discussion is to reflect about the results of distance education in the initial of the professor training. To perceive the possibilities and limitations concerning the technological resources available at the educational process, especially to the evaluation practice, is primordial in order to comprehend the contents of learning that can be explored by the professors and which is the dialogical relation that is firmed between professor, preceptor and student, in favor of the learning development and an effective and meaningful education. The qualitative research had the symbolic interacionism as a methodological-theoretical approach. We gathered informations through institutional documents, documental records, questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Treating and analyzing the data we used the content analysis method (Bardin, 1977). As a theoretical basis, we relied on authors such as Zabala (1998, 1999), Aretio (2002), Hoffmann (2003, 2005), Silva, M. (2003, 2006), Belloni (2006), Luckesi (2008), Silva, J. (2008), Vasconcelos (2008) and Domingos (2009). It was evident the need to reflect about the educational practice of the professors and preceptors responsible for the academic distance learning, concerning the evaluation of the learning contents in a autonomous and innovatory way, identifying its influence in the development of values which are considered vital to a complete professor upbringing. The evaluation in a mediator approach is necessary to the reality of an online classroom, because of its character to promote the improvement of the action of the one who is teaching and the one Who is learning in an interactive, collaborative and cooperative perspective, seeking a transformative praxis. Involved in this formation, the bachelors will be able to promote the development of capacities and skills necessary to the complete learning of theirs future students, certifying the education for life, which is a perspective that includes the knowing, the knowing how to do and how to be, a living being with sustainable relations with the others and with nature