Geometria analítica plana: praxeologias matemáticas no ensino médio

O objetivo desta pesquisa é a construção e a aplicação de uma organização didática para a Geometria Analítica Plana, a partir do estudo dos Vetores, no 3º ano do ensino médio, à luz da Teoria Antropológica do Didático de Yves Chevallard e da teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa de David Ausubel. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa do tipo etnográfica na educação, de acordo com Marli André, e foi desenvolvido com um grupo de alunos em um contexto específico que é a preparação para o vestibular. A manipulação de objetos ostensivos para compreensão dos objetos não-ostensivos da Matemática serviu de categorias para análise das praxeologias vivenciadas em sala de aula. Concluímos que os alunos ao manipular as representações de objetos ostensivos resgatam conhecimentos matemáticos de forma articulada e integrada para a ancoragem de novos conhecimentos matemáticos. Observou-se também que a organização didática permite “economia de tempo”, no que diz respeito ao estudo destes conteúdos nesta etapa da vida escolar.

Ensino de geografia: utilização de recursos computacionais (Google Earth) no ensino médio

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação da aprendizagem em língua inglesa no primeiro ano do ensino fundamental em escolas públicas do município de Castanhal (PA)

O presente estudo investiga as práticas avaliativas em inglês como Língua Estrangeira para Crianças (LEC) no primeiro ano do ensino fundamental das escolas públicas no município de Castanhal, PA. A pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar quais as orientações contidas nos documentos oficiais municipais no que diz respeito ao ensino e à avaliação em LEC, descrever as práticas avaliativas desenvolvidas pelos docentes nesse contexto, analisar a integração dessas práticas com os objetivos de ensino e aprendizagem de LEC e indicar pistas que possam, teórica e metodologicamente, tornar essas práticas mais eficazes. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter documental, na qual foram analisados os documentos oficiais que norteiam o ensino e a avaliação em LEC no município, 220 relatórios de desenvolvimento, que são o instrumento de avaliação preconizado para esse nível da escolaridade, além de entrevistas e questionários com 14 docentes que atuam nesse contexto. O referencial teórico sustenta-se nas contribuições de Cameron (2001), Strecht-Ribeiro (2005) e Scott e Ytreberg (1990) sobre o ensino-aprendizagem de LEC, bem como na discussão de alguns aspectos da avaliação da aprendizagem (HADJI, 1994; 2007; BONNIOL e VIAL, 2001; FERNANDES, 2009; PERRENOUD, 1999) e da avaliação da aprendizagem em LEC (MCKAY, 2006; IOANNOU-GEORGIOU, 2011; SHAABAN, 2001). Para a análise dos dados obtidos, foi utilizada a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo (ROSA, 2013). Os resultados da análise indicam uma ausência de coerência entre as práticas avaliativas e os objetivos e princípios do ensino de LEC. Os dados revelam ainda a falta de formação para ensinar, avaliar e elaborar programas de LEC, aliada a uma já conhecida tendência em se priorizar aspectos estruturais no ensino de línguas estrangeiras, em detrimento de atividades comunicativas. Por fim, este trabalho mostra a necessidade de promover outras pesquisas que investiguem as práticas avaliativas em LEC e, da urgência em se definir diretrizes oficiais nacionais para o ensino e avaliação que levem em consideração as características e necessidades das crianças nesse contexto.

Ensino na comunidade: aspectos socioeconômicos e demográficos das famílias visitadas por estudantes de medicina e enfermagem

Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

O processo de ensino - aprendizado - avaliação de matemática através da resolução de problemas no contexto da formação inicial do professor de matemática

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A história do ensino de física no Brasil n o século XIX: as academias militares e o colégio Pedro II

Pós-graduação em Educação para a Ciência - FC

Implicações do ensino de arte nos anos iniciais: o trabalho com a leitura de imagens

This paper aims to address initially the implications and consequences of the planned use of image reading in classrooms of Art in the early years of elementary school. Enumerating some contributions to enrich and develop narrative skills, descriptive, analytical and interpretative. Thus, in a next goal will be researched the importance and essentiality of working with the reading of images, not only in art classes but at other opportunities, working intertextuality. Mobilizing both rationality and imagination, enhancing the information and content as well as encouraging creativity and analytical formation of subjectivity. Aiming at meaningful learning and encouraging other views and ways of thinking, feeling, teach, learn and be

A utilização de jogos lúdico-didáticos no ensino de língua inglesa

Nowadays the accelerated development arising from globalization and the interrelation of the nations, the great increase in communication between different countries and the necessity for knowledge in different linguistic structures, the interest in learning a foreign language is crescent, and thinking about it, this work has the scope to verify how young and adult learners of a foreign language, in this case English, behave, that is, how best to develop the four language skills of the language: listening, writing, speaking, and reading and how the use of recreational and educational games can help this dichotomy between teaching-learning. The present research, theoretical and analytical basis, aims to make a study on how fun games can influence the teaching and learning of English in an audience of young and adult people and that includes a study of how human history has evolved, more precisely, as history of education was influenced by the playful and how the human mind also becomes over time. Nowadays, the playful is a tool that has been widely used pedagogically in teaching foreign languages and every day opens new manners and ways of teaching languages, always with its array of spaced more possibilities. Under this assumption, the focus of this research is discover how the use of recreational and educational games may influence grammar greater understanding and language development of young and adults students in learning English, and also what better way to introduce these games, that is, a contextualized content being discussed each time during the school way, so that the games may be, of course, used for relaxation of the students, but also (and especially) for their intellectual growth and language development

Ciências no ensino infantil: contribuições da introdução de atividade lúdicas e investigativas para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem

Here we present the introduction of a range of science´s experimental activities, designed and developed with a focus on the investigative methodology in an interdisciplinary context. The activities have as main theme water and covers topics of heat and temperature, density and states of matter. The relevance of this project is to promote the first contacts of children with Science in an attractive way, and correctly of the scientific point of view, respecting the cognitive level of each child, trying to stimulate the development of hypotheses, creativity and critical thinking, as well as the development of the narrative, descriptive language and drawing. We developed seven lesson plans that were applied in the year of 2012, during three weeks in a school for early childhood education in the city of Bauru. The activities were conducted with fifteen children aged four to six years old together with the teacher responsible for the group. As main contributions in the teaching learning process we cite: acquiring of new vocabulary, progress in the development of hypotheses, development of collective work, evolution of knowledge of the topics covered, and use of the acquired knowledge to new problems and situations

Aprendizagem dos alunos de 5º ano do ensino fundamental em aritmética e suas dificuldades na resolução de problemas com estrutura multiplicativa

The topic in this work involving the resolution of problems with structure multiplicativa emerged from discussions carried out on the difficulties encountered by students of the first cycle of the Fundamental School in Mathematics, mainly in respect of the arithmetic. The research had as objective to investigate the main difficulties presented by these students when they are faced with a task for a resolution of problems with multiplicativa structure. Were participants, in the first stage of the study, 20 students of the fifth year of the Fundamental School of a state school of public education of the State of Sao Paulo. These students have an assessment containing ten problems with structure multiplicativa answered a questionnaire regarding of mathematics. In the second stage, were selected two students to participate in the think aloud. The data analysis showed that the difficulties presented by the participants were: 1- difficulty to read and interpret the set of problems; 2- select the operation correct; 3- to operate correctly; 4 – Trouble writing

O ensino de história e geografia nos anos iniciais numa rede municipal de ensino: um estudo de caso

The present research aims to identify conceptions that teachers and students of the early years have in relation to the disciplines of history and geography. The site chosen for the survey was a municipal school in the city of Lençóis Paulista, in São Paulo. The work's theme was chosen after observing a minimization of the teaching of the contents of the above-mentioned disciplines at the expense of mathematical content and mother tongue. In addition, there were difficulties arising from the standardization of education , such as teaching network uses material apostilled . The survey data , together with literature review was conducted with students and teachers in the early years who participated in a semistructured interview . Authors like Callai (1999 and 2005), Cavalcanti (2005 and 1998) and Burke (1992) theoretically supports the research . They have in common a new conception of education that values the small deeds that result in major events. The student, in this view, plays an important role as a subject of social transformation. The research has favored both the analysis of the conceptions of teachers and students, assisting in reflection on teaching practices, but also led to reflect on the training of teachers. The research shows us that the type of material used and the practice adopted may impair the access of students to the language of nature and society

Aspectos da regulação sobre o ensino a distância no Brasil

This article presents a reflection on the historical aspects and legislation on Distance Learning (DL). For this, a bibliographic and documentary research was performed with the goal of raising the necessary notes for discussion. The text begins with the characterization of the current society, the Information Society, which supports the modern distance education, which uses information and communication technologies (ICTs) to establish the process of learning teaching. Five stages of the EAD are identified. Later, the Brazilian legislation concerning the DL is punctuated, starting with the passage by Article 80 of the Guidelines and Bases Law-LBD (Law 9394/96) along with the critical analysis of Decree 5,622/05. Finally, in the final considerations is discussed the negative image that the DL carries by the Brazilian population and obstacles in the existing rules that hinder the democratization of access to education that aims DL.

Os estilos cognitivos na educação escolar e sua dimensão conceitual como aporte teórico para a orientação do ensino e da aprendizagem

The contributions of studies on Cognitive Styles are presented and discussed in this text, introductory and conceptually, in order to clarify and facilitate the discussion within the school education. With the theoretical origin in the cognitive psychology, more specifically, in studies of human cognition in differential perspective, the Cognitive Styles, are constructs developed to describe perceptual characteristics of the individual called "Dependence and Independence Field." In the course of this conceptual construction it is evidenced that individual perceptions are part of a broad set of interrelated factors that reflect the level of psychological differentiation of individuals. The studies show subjects with different Cognitive Styles, that are distributed in a "continuum" in order to set up a statistical normality. Therein some educational implications related to the Cognitive Styles are evident in relation to how the students learn, how the teachers teach, to the formal education in itself and to the career plan. The Cognitive Styles has a broad spectrum of influence on the relationship established in the teaching-learning process. So, these concepts need urgently to be better understood in the context of education.

Desenvolvimento de um instrumento multidimensional para avaliação de práticas de ensino no processo de aprendizagem

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Reflexões sobre a literatura contemporânea em sala de aula: da tradução ao ensino comunicativo da língua

This paper presents a brief reflection on the survey done by the group Research group “Approaches in Studies of Arts, History, Linguistics and Literature Japanese translation and autochthon oral tradition-European”, where there was a significant number of translations of Japanese contemporary works. The most translated authors traced in outline the main characteristics which of we perceive similarities possibly attract by the Brazilian reader. In this addendum to reflect on the application of the literature on the bias of the communicative approach in the teaching and learning of the Japanese language.