Planning humanitarian projects with educational focus in Guinea rural areas

Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Acção Humanitária, Cooperação e Desenvolvimento

Errores correctos en la simplificación de fracciones: reflexión sobre algunas prácticas docentes en Matemáticas

Tomando como punto de partida un curioso error cometido por los alumnos en la simplificación de fracciones numéricas, en este trabajo se reflexiona sobre algunas prácticas docentes en matemáticas. Se presenta una experiencia de investigación con alumnos de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria para adultos y se propone el manejo de un programa de cálculo simbólico de software libre.

Errores correctos en la simplificación de fracciones: reflexión sobre algunas prácticas docentes en matemáticas

Tomando como punto de partida un curioso error cometido por los alumnos en la simplificación de fracciones numéricas, en este trabajo se reflexiona sobre algunas prácticas docentes en matemáticas. Se presenta una experiencia de investigación con alumnos de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria para adultos y se propone el manejo de un programa de cálculo simbólico de software libre.

Códigos numéricos para la vida

Es un hecho indudable que vivimos en una sociedad que nos requiere, cada vez más, interactuar con una serie de códigos numéricos. En este trabajo se pretende analizar las características de algunos de estos códigos -DNI-NIF, códigos de barras, códigos ISBN, códigos ISSN, códigos de tarjetas de crédito, de cuentas bancarias, de cheques bancarios- haciendo especial hincapié en los algoritmos que permiten calcular su carácter de control a partir de los demás elementos del código y en la forma que tienen estos códigos de hacer frente a los errores más frecuentes en la transmisión de los mismos. Además se estudian sus posibilidades didácticas y se ofrece una aplicación informática al aula de secundaria a través de una WebQuest, creada por el autor, sobre el tema.

Society, theatre and Social Work: beauty will save us

Three different worlds, sometimes concentric and often intersecting —society, theatre and the art of performance— and social work. Diverse worlds that live, reflect and self-reflect and interact, and can also afford an opportunity for meeting, misunderstanding and confrontation, and above all offer the possibility of profound change.This article considers the experience of a theatre company that has spent more than three years moving at the limits of these three universes. To these three worlds can be added an infinite number of words that fill them with meaning and significance: territory, meeting, diversity and search. An artistic experience that has chosen to focus on creating scenarios for debate and to examine the difficulties, the human contradictions and the constant and inexhaustible confrontation with human experience. At the heart of this theatrical activity is all of this, seeking the balance between narration, meeting, investigation and the artistic dimension. This meeting between society, theatre and social work also contains the search for sustainability of this cultural business, in an Italy that has been destroyed by a crisis that is not merely economic, but also of values and, above all, of role models. The guiding theme, though not always made explicit, is always present and essential: the search for beauty.

The Afroporteña press and Afro-Argentine’s thought in the late nineteenth century

The journalistic boom that occurred in Argentina from the second half of the nineteenth century saw the emergence of an active afroporteña press that defend the interests of the black community. This paper, in addition to reviewing the history of the Afro-Argentines newspapers, emphasizes the role played by the elite of African descent in the promotion of modernity among his brothers, while exploring the possible bases for an identity in the ideas spread.

Il Piano della Performance nei Comuni medi. La proposta di una nuova configurazione per superare l’inadeguatezza delle prime applicazioni

Il D.Lgs. 150/09 ha inteso dar vita ad una “riforma organica” della PA italiana, improntandone il funzionamento a logiche di programmazione e controllo delle performance. Attorno a tale concetto la riforma ha costruito un Sistema teso a programmare, misurare, controllare, valutare e comunicare la performance degli enti. Il lavoro si focalizza sulla programmazione, e in particolare sullo strumento cardine introdotto dal D.Lgs. 150/09: il Piano della Performance (PdP). Il contributo, basato su una metodologia deduttivo-induttiva, si concentra sui comuni medi italiani, scelti in quanto statisticamente rappresentativi del livello medio di complessità degli enti locali. Sono stati oggetto di indagine i PdP pubblicati sui siti istituzionali degli enti considerati, al fine di verificarne sia il livello di aderenza alle Linee Guida (LG) emanate dalla Commissione Indipendente per la Valutazione, la Trasparenza e l’Integrità delle amministrazioni pubbliche (CIVIT) e dalla Associazione Nazionale Comuni Italiani (ANCI), sia il loro livello di adeguatezza economico-aziendale. Preliminarmente si indagherà il tema della programmazione, sotto il profilo normativo-dottrinale, concentrandosi su soggetti, processi e strumenti. Poi si sposterà il focus sul PdP: dopo aver definito obiettivi, quesiti e metodologia della ricerca, verranno esplicitate le configurazioni di PdP emergenti dalle LG CIVIT e ANCI. Verranno poi illustrati i risultati della ricerca empirica, mettendo in luce il livello di allineamento dei PdP dei comuni medi alle LG, nonché il livello di adeguatezza economico-aziendale degli stessi. Si tratteggeranno quindi alcune brevi conclusioni.

La governance degli enti locali sulle aziende di gestione dei servizi pubblici. Strumenti di programmazione e controllo in ottica di gruppo

Lo scopo del presente lavoro è delineare un nuovo modello inerente l'organizzazione, i processi e gli strumenti di programmazione e controllo a supporto della governance degli enti locali sulle loro aziende di gestione dei servizi pubblici, con particolare attenzione per la variabile strumentale. E' stata adottata una metodologia mista, deduttivo-induttiva. Nella fase deduttiva è stata analizzata la normativa italiana nonché la dottrina economico aziendale nazionale ed internazionale in tema di gestione dei servizi pubblici locali: in tal modo è stato estrapolato un modello normativo-dottrinale inerente l'organizzazione, i processi e gli strumenti di programmazione e controllo a supporto della governance degli enti locali sulle loro aziende di gestione dei servizi pubblici. Nella fase induttiva è stata realizzata un'indagine empirica che ha coinvolto i comuni capoluogo di Emilia-Romagna e Toscana, in modo tale da testare il livello di utilizzo del modello normativo-dottrinale precedentemente estrapolato Nella fase di feedback sono stati delineati i punti di forza e di debolezza del succitato modello emergenti dalla ricerca. Si è così cercato di proporre un nuovo modello, con particolare attenzione per la variabile strumentale, in grado di porre rimedio ai punti di debolezza e di potenziare i punti di forza del modello normativo-dottrinale.

Genome-wide DNA profiling of marginal zone lymphomas identifies subtype-specific lesions with an impact on the clinical outcome

Marginal zone B-cell lymphomas (MZLs) have been divided into 3 distinct subtypes (extranodal MZLs of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue [MALT] type, nodal MZLs, and splenic MZLs). Nevertheless, the relationship between the subtypes is still unclear. We performed a comprehensive analysis of genomic DNA copy number changes in a very large series of MZL cases with the aim of addressing this question. Samples from 218 MZL patients (25 nodal, 57 MALT, 134 splenic, and 2 not better specified MZLs) were analyzed with the Affymetrix Human Mapping 250K SNP arrays, and the data combined with matched gene expression in 33 of 218 cases. MALT lymphoma presented significantly more frequently gains at 3p, 6p, 18p, and del(6q23) (TNFAIP3/A20), whereas splenic MZLs was associated with del(7q31), del(8p). Nodal MZLs did not show statistically significant differences compared with MALT lymphoma while lacking the splenic MZLs-related 7q losses. Gains of 3q and 18q were common to all 3 subtypes. del(8p) was often present together with del(17p) (TP53). Although del(17p) did not determine a worse outcome and del(8p) was only of borderline significance, the presence of both deletions had a highly significant negative impact on the outcome of splenic MZLs.

Development of a new welfare assessment protocol for practical application in long-term dog shelters

In many European shelters, dogs may spend many years confined. A poor environment and inappropriate management may lead to a low quality of life. The absence of harmonised European regulatory frameworks defining the minimum requirements for shelter facilities makes the definition of welfare standards for kennelled dogs challenging. Here, a new protocol was developed and tested to help identify the main welfare issues for shelter dogs. Twenty-six indicators were identified including management, resource and animal based measures. Accuracy and interobserver reliability were checked between four assessors. The protocol was applied in 29 shelters (n=1308 dogs) in six European countries. Overall prevalence of poor health conditions was below 10%. Test-retest reliability and validity of the protocol were investigated with encouraging results. A logistic regression was carried out to assess the potential of the protocol as a tool to identify welfare hazards in shelter environments. Inappropriate space allowance, for example, was found to be a risk factor potentially affecting the animal's cleanliness, skin condition and body condition. The protocol was designed to be concise and easy to implement. Systematic data collection could help identify welfare problems that are likely to arise in certain shelter designs and thus determine improvement in animal care standards.

Smartphone and GPS technology for freeroaming dog population surveillance -a methodological study (Studio metodologico sull’applicazione di smartphone e tecnologia GPS alla sorveglianza delle popolazioni di cani vaganti)

Free-roaming dogs (FRD) represent a potential threat to the quality of life in cities from an ecological, social and public health point of view. One of the most urgent concerns is the role of uncontrolled dogs as reservoirs of infectious diseases transmittable to humans and, above all, rabies. An estimate of the FRD population size and characteristics in a given area is the first step for any relevant intervention programme. Direct count methods are still prominent because of their non-invasive approach, information technologies can support such methods facilitating data collection and allowing for a more efficient data handling. This paper presents a new framework for data collection using a topological algorithm implemented as ArcScript in ESRI® ArcGIS software, which allows for a random selection of the sampling areas. It also supplies a mobile phone application for Android® operating system devices which integrates Global Positioning System (GPS) and Google Maps™. The potential of such a framework was tested in 2 Italian regions. Coupling technological and innovative solutions associated with common counting methods facilitate data collection and transcription. It also paves the way to future applications, which could support dog population management systems.

Pet population management and public health:A web service based tool for the improvement of dog traceability

The risks associated with zoonotic infections transmitted by companion animals are a serious public health concern: the control of zoonoses incidence in domestic dogs, both owned and stray, is hence important to protect human health. Integrated dog population management (DPM) programs, based on the availability of information systems providing reliable data on the structure and composition of the existing dog population in a given area, are fundamental for making realistic plans for any disease surveillance and action system. Traceability systems, based on the compulsory electronic identification of dogs and their registration in a computerised database, are one of the most effective ways to ensure the usefulness of DPM programs. Even if this approach provides many advantages, several areas of improvement have emerged in countries where it has been applied. In Italy, every region hosts its own dog register but these are not compatible with one another. This paper shows the advantages of a web-based-application to improve data management of dog regional registers. The approach used for building this system was inspired by farm animal traceability schemes and it relies on a network of services that allows multi-channel access by different devices and data exchange via the web with other existing applications, without changing the pre-existing platforms. Today the system manages a database for over 300,000 dogs registered in three different Italian regions. By integrating multiple Web Services, this approach could be the solution to gather data at national and international levels at reasonable cost and creating a traceability system on a large scale and across borders that can be used for disease surveillance and development of population management plans. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.

Behavioural and physiological responses of shelter dogs to long-term confinement

In Italy, National Law (281/1991) prohibits euthanasia of shelter dogs if they are not dangerous or suffering seriously. Adoption rates in rescue shelters are often lower than entrance rates, leading inevitably to overcrowded facilities where animals are likely to spend the rest of their lives in kennels. In this situation, housing conditions (i.e. space provided, environmental, and social stimulation) may have an impact on canine welfare. In this research project, the effects of two different forms of housing (group- and pair housing) on long-term shelter dogs were compared using behavioural and physiological parameters. Observational data and saliva samples were collected from dogs exposed to both experimental settings; behaviour and cortisol concentration levels were used as welfare indicators. Pair housing offered fewer social and environmental stimuli and behavioural analysis showed a significant decrease in locomotor, exploratory, and social behaviour. Cortisol levels show that this parameter varied independently of housing conditions. Although this study found no evidence suggesting that one form of confinement reduced animal welfare more than the other (e.g. in terms of abnormal behaviour, or higher cortisol concentrations), the type of confinement did affect the expression of a variety of behaviours and these variations should not be ignored with respect to housing decisions for long-term shelter dogs.

Unloading or not unloading? Sheep welfare implication of rest stop at control post after a 29h transport

In Europe, maximum journey time for transported sheep is set at 29. h (EC Regulation 1/2005), after which animals must be unloaded, fed and watered in control posts stopping for 24. h, as all other species, before continuing their journey. The industry considers these resting times too general, not taking into account the peculiar differences between species or age classes. Also, loading and unloading have been reported to be detrimental for the animals. Therefore, the industry pushes to reduce the times at control post and avoid unloading the animals from the truck. Since there is little information concerning the effect of resting in a stationary truck after long journeys, the present study aims to evaluate the effect of an 8. h rest stop on the truck for transported ewes compared to being unloaded for resting in a control post for the same amount of time, considering physiological and behavioural measures. Two groups of ewes were transported for 29. h, after which one was unloaded and housed in a pen (P) at the control post while the other was left inside the truck (T). After 8. h stop, a further 6. h travel was headed to the farm of origin. A third group (C) stayed at the farm as control. During the stop, standing, resting, moving and eating behaviour of all groups was recorded. Blood parameters, salivary and faecal cortisol were assessed at different stages. The behaviour of P animals during the resting period was more similar to C than to T ones, where feeding and lying behaviours were restricted by the limited space allowance on the truck. After returning to the farm of origin, both T and P animals showed different parameters' levels as compared to C. P ewes showed a mean loss weight of 2. kg not recorded in group T and showed higher signs of muscular damage compared to C group. It was concluded that, with so short resting times as 8. h, there is no clear advantages in terms of animal welfare for avoiding the unloading and loading of the animals in the control post after long journeys.