¿Es preferible la interpretación simultánea de lengua B a lengua A o viceversa?

Se pretende reflexionar sobre si realmente es más eficaz la interpretación simultánea de una lengua extranjera (B) a una lengua materna (A). Hasta la fecha, esa ha sido la teoría defendida por la inmensa mayoría de expertos en la materia; a partir de experimentos y de una serie de factores se ha demostrado que no siempre tiene por qué ser así.

Tasso di omocisteina e diminuzione del rischio cardiovascolare: nessun effetto delle vitamine B: revisione Cochrane per il medico di famiglia.

Questo articolo presenta i risultati della rivista sistematica: Martí-Carvajal AJ, Solà I, Lathyris D, Salanti G. Homocysteine lowering interventions for preventing cardiovascular events. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009 Oct 7;(4):CD006612. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006612.pub2. PMID: 19821378.

Relatório de Estágio Profissional. Gestão de Alimentos e Bebidas (F&B)

Este relatório pretende abordar as rotinas organizacionais do sistema hoteleiro, mais precisamente no Resort Hotel Foya Branca, buscando analisar os processos inerentes ao gerenciamento do Departamento de Alimentos e Bebidas, sendo um dos mais rentáveis e importante departamento da hotelaria. É necessário realçar a sua importância, uma vez que é um dos departamentos mais completo, tanto a sua estrutura física, quanto organizacional e também por possuir um contacto directo com o cliente/hóspede, sendo assim responsável pela permanência e retorno dos clientes e consequentemente uma rentabilidade estável do empreendimento hoteleiro. Para realizar este trabalho, foi feita uma análise bibliográfica e documental, a internet também foi um dos instrumentos de busca das informações, assim como, informações obtidas no Resort Hotel Foya Branca, onde foi cumprido 480 horas de estágio. Durante este período, foi ganho uma vasta gama de experiencia, de forma a estar capacitado a lidar e gerir este departamento, onde foi abrangido áreas como economato, cozinha, bar, restaurante, bem como foi possível conhecer as práticas de planeamento e gestão de eventos, gestão e administração dos recursos humanos, controlo de vendas e as políticas comerciais/marketing, fazendo uso dos softwares do hotel, dos arquivos documentais, pasta de procedimentos de serviços, relatórios e documentos informativos inerentes ao funcionamento do departamento.

Els més intel·ligents saben apreciar més bé els petits detalls

Les persones amb un coeficient normal perceben de la mateixa manera els objectes grans que els petits, segons un estudi publicat a 'Current Biology'

Disease-associated mutations in the actin-binding domain of filamin B cause cytoplasmic focal accumulations correlating with disease severity.

Dominant missense mutations in FLNB, encoding the actin-cross linking protein filamin B (FLNB), cause a broad range of skeletal dysplasias with varying severity by an unknown mechanism. Here these FLNB mutations are shown to cluster in exons encoding the actin-binding domain (ABD) and filamin repeats surrounding the flexible hinge 1 region of the FLNB rod domain. Despite being positioned in domains that bind actin, it is unknown if these mutations perturb cytoskeletal structure. Expression of several full-length FLNB constructs containing ABD mutations resulted in the appearance of actin-containing cytoplasmic focal accumulations of the substituted protein to a degree that was correlated with the severity of the associated phenotypes. In contrast, study of mutations leading to substitutions in the FLNB rod domain that result in the same phenotypes as ABD mutations demonstrated that with only one exception disease-associated substitutions, surrounding hinge 1 demonstrated no tendency to form actin-filamin foci. The exception, a substitution in filamin repeat 6, lies within a region previously implicated in filamin-actin binding. These data are consistent with mutations in the ABD conferring enhanced actin-binding activity but suggest that substitutions affecting repeats near the flexible hinge region of FLNB precipitate the same phenotypes through a different mechanism.

Insertion of a malE B-Galactosidase fusion protein into the envelope of Escherichia coli disrupts biogenesis of outer membrane proteins and processing of inner membrane proteins

The synthesis of a membrane-bound MalE ,B-galactosidase hybrid protein, when induced by growth of Escherichia coli on maltose, leads to inhibition of cell division and eventually a reduced rate of mass increase. In addition, the relative rate of synthesis of outer membrane proteins, but not that of inner membrane proteins, was reduced by about 50%o. Kinetic experiments demonstrated that this reduction coincided with the period of maximum synthesis of the hybrid protein (and another maltose-inducible protein, LamB). The accumulation of this abnormal protein in the envelope therefore appeared specifically to inhibit the synthesis, the assembly of outer membrane proteins, or both, indicating that the hybrid protein blocks some export site or causes the sequestration of some limiting factor(s) involved in the export process. Since the MalE protein is normally located in the periplasm, the results also suggest that the synthesis of periplasmic and outer membrane proteins may involve some steps in common. The reduced rate of synthesis of outer membrane proteins was also accompanied by the accumulation in the envelope of at least one outer membrane protein and at least two inner membrane proteins as higher-molecular-weight forms, indicating that processing (removal of the N-terminal signal sequence) was also disrupted by the presence of the hybrid protein. These results may indicate that the assembly of these membrane proteins is blocked at a relatively late step rather than at the level of primary recognition of some site by the signal sequence. In addition, the results suggest that some step common to the biogenesis of quite different kinds of envelope protein is blocked by the presence of the hybrid protein.

Directional and fluctuating asymmetry in finger and a-b ridge counts in psychosis: a case-control study

Background: Several studies have reported alterations in finger and a-b ridge counts, and theirderived measures of asymmetry, in schizophrenia compared to controls. Because ridges are fully formed by the end of the second trimester, they may provide clues to disturbed early development. The aim of this study was to assess these measures in a sample of patients with psychosis and normal controls.Methods: Individuals with psychosis (n = 240), and normal controls (n = 228) were drawn from a catchment-area case-control study. Differences in finger and a-b ridge count and Fluctuating Asymmetry were assessed in three group comparisons (non-affective psychosis versus controls; affective psychosis versus controls; non-affective psychosis versus affective psychosis). The analyses were performed separately for males and females. Results: There were no significant group differences for finger nor a-b ridge counts. While there were no group difference for Directional Asymmetry, for Fluctuating Asymmetry measures men with non-affective psychosis had significantly higher fluctuating asymmetry of the index finger ridge count (a) when compared to controls (FA-correlation score, p = 0.02), and (b) when compared to affective psychosis (adjusted FA-difference score, p = 0.04). Conclusion: Overall, measures of finger and a-b ridge counts, and their derived measures of directional and fluctuating asymmetry were not prominent features of psychosis in this sample. While directional asymmetry in cerebral morphology is reduced in schizophrenia, this is not reflected in dermatoglyphic variables.

Extingim-nos bé

La fi de l'estiu i el retorn de les vacances poden ser tot un exercici de supervivència. Recuperem els problemes que vam deixar aparcats, ens en trobem de nous o ens en creem més, i recuperem tot l'estrès que havíem oblidat. De ben poc ens serveixen els bons propòsits estiuencs de prendre'ns la vida amb més calma. Això, es clar, si és que els hem fet, perquè potser ens hem dedicat a pensar en com ser més competitius o, massa sovint, en com desbancar millor la competència. I és que els humans tenim una tendència innata a pensar en el futur, però no sempre ho fem en la direcció correcta [...].

Gender differences in vascular expression of endothelin and ET A/ET B receptors, but not in calcium handling mechanisms, in deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt hypertension

We determined if the increased vascular responsiveness to endothelin-1 (ET-1) observed in male, but not in female, DOCA-salt rats is associated with differential vascular mRNA expression of ET-1 and/or ET A/ET B receptors or with functional differences in Ca2+ handling mechanisms by vascular myocytes. Uninephrectomized male and female Wistar rats received DOCA and drinking water containing NaCl/KCl. Control rats received vehicle and tap water. Blood pressure and contractile responses of endothelium-denuded aortic rings to agents which induce Ca2+ influx and/or its release from internal stores were measured using standard procedures. Expression of mRNA for ET-1 and ET A/ET B receptors was evaluated by RT-PCR after isolation of total cell RNA from both aorta and mesenteric arteries. Systolic blood pressure was higher in male than in female DOCA rats. Contractions induced by Bay K8644 (which activates Ca2+ influx through voltage-operated L-type channels), and by caffeine, serotonin or ET-1 in Ca2+-free buffer (which reflect Ca2+ release from internal stores) were significantly increased in aortas from male and female DOCA-salt compared to control aortas. DOCA-salt treatment of male, but not female, rats statistically increased vascular mRNA expression of ET-1 and ET B receptors, but decreased the expression of ET A receptors. Molecular up-regulation of vascular ET B receptors, rather than differential changes in smooth muscle Ca2+ handling mechanisms, seems to account for the increased vascular reactivity to ET-1/ET B receptor agonists and higher blood pressure levels observed in male DOCA-salt rats.

Analyse diagrammatique des désintégrations de type B vers PPP sans quarks charmés

Ce mémoire présente l’application de la méthode de décomposition en termes de diagrammes aux désintégrations de mésons B vers trois mésons de type pseudos- calaire ne comportant pas de quarks charmés. La décomposition diagrammatique des désintégrations de types B → Kππ, B → KKK ̄, B → KK ̄π et B → πππ est effectuée de façon systématique. Il est démontré que lorsque l’on néglige les dia- grammes d’échanges et d’annihilations, dont les contributions sont estimées être petites, de nouvelles relations apparaissent entre les amplitudes. Ces relations sont de nouveaux tests du modèle standard qui ne peuvent être obtenus que par la méthode diagrammatique. Lorsque les données nécessaires sont disponibles, nous vérifions ces relations et obtenons un bon accord avec les données expérimentales. Nous démontrons également qu’il est possible d’utiliser le secteur B → Kππ pour mesurer la phase faible γ avec une incertitude théorique que nous estimons être de l’ordre de 5%. Les autres secteurs de désintégrations ne permettent d’extraire des phases faibles que si l’on invoque des approximations de précisions inconnues.

Sujets variés concernant les désintégrations hadroniques des mésons B

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal