Concreto com utilização de agregado graúdo sintético produzido a partir da lama vermelha: estudos de dosagem, propriedades e microestrutura

Atualmente questões relacionadas à sustentabilidade tem ganhado destaque no cenário mundial nos mais variados setores da sociedade. Diversos pesquisadores (LIMA, 2006; HILDEBRANDO, 1998; SOUZA, J., 2010; ROSSI, 2009, etc.) têm tentado propor uma interação entre a indústria da construção civil e aquelas que desenvolvem atividades de beneficiamento e produção mineral, como por exemplo,as de beneficiamento de bauxita. Neste contexto, encontrar uma viabilidade para o aproveitamento de um resíduo gerado em grandes quantidades e sem nenhuma utilidade seria contribuir com a preservação do meio ambiente, na medida em que se reduziria o consumo de recursos provenientes de fontes naturais e aumentaria a oferta de insumos no mercado da construção. Neste trabalho será abordada a viabilidade de produção de um concreto, que apresente características que o torne próprio ao uso como insumo na indústria da construção civil, por meio da utilização de um agregado sintético obtido a partir da lama vermelha (resíduo do beneficiamento da bauxita). De acordo com o programa experimental executado, os agregados, bem como, os concretos produzidos tiveram suas propriedades analisadas, objetivando estudar o processo de produção e dosagem respectivamente. Nos agregados foram realizadas análises de: porosidade aparente, absorção de água, massa específica aparente e abrasão Los Ángeles e nos concretos, trabalhabilidade, massa específica no estado fresco e no endurecido, resistência à compressão axial, resistência à tração por compressão diametral, tração na flexão, absorção de água e módulo de elasticidade. Ressalta-se que foi dada significativa importância à zona de transição pasta/agregado, por meio de análise da microestrutura dos concretos produzidos. Análise esta realizada por meio dos ensaios de: Porosimetria por Intrusão de Mercúrio (PIM) e Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV). Os resultados das análises dos agregados sintéticos e dos concretos produzidos apresentaram resultados satisfatórios, demonstrando que estes apresentam potencial para uso na indústria da construção civil.

Análise do desenvolvimento de competências gerenciais na construção civil através do modelo da Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas adaptado ao contexto organizacional

As mudanças no cenário da engenharia civil e consequentemente da gestão da produção das obras exigem um engenheiro com perfil diferente, resultando na necessidade novas competências, relacionadas a inovação, foco no cliente, planejamento e controle, sistemas de gestão da qualidade, sustentabilidade e uma visão humanista. O objetivo principal deste artigo é identificar as competências desenvolvidas em uma empresa construtora com o processo de implantação da Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas adaptado ao contexto organizacional. A estratégia de pesquisa adotada foi a pesquisa-ação, na qual a equipe de pesquisa atua com profissionais para melhorar a forma como estes entendem e resolvem problemas. Os resultados alcançados envolveram o desenvolvimento de competências relacionadas ao contexto organizacional, à aprendizagem individual, coletiva e organizacional, apontando problemas e possíveis soluções de gestão na empresa. Através do desenvolvimento de competências gerenciais, foi estimulada uma visão humanística, sustentável, com foco no cliente, além de um melhor sistema de gestão da qualidade. Identificaram-se problemas no sistema de gestão organizacional, ficando evidente a necessidade da criação de um ambiente propício para troca de informações entre diferentes setores da empresa.

Efeitos do tipo, tamanho e teor de agregado graúdo no módulo de deformação do concreto de alta resistência

O concreto, material de composição heterogênea e complexa, é o principal insumo em construções. Do ponto de vista estrutural, ele tem como propriedade principal sua resistência. O estudo do comportamento do concreto, baseado em estudos conceituais da resistência granular, pode conduzir a um projeto estrutural mais seguro e de melhor utilização do material. Este trabalho expõe os resultados de um estudo conduzido para avaliar os efeitos do tipo, tamanho e teor de agregado graúdo no módulo de deformação do concreto de alta resistência. A mistura de concreto estudada contém agregados de basalto e de granito com dimensões máximas características de 9,5 mm e 19 mm e relação água/cimento de 0,35. O módulo de elasticidade do material foi determinado usando o trecho inicial linear da curva Carga-CMOD (deslocamento de abertura da boca da fissura) no ensaio de flexão com três pontos em viga entalhada no meio do vão, seguindo a proposta do comitê técnico 89-FMT da RILEM (Internacional Union of Testing and Research Laboratories for Materials and Structures).

Avaliação do potencial pozolânico da cinza de lodo de águas residuárias por meio de técnicas instrumentais

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil - FEIS

Estudo comparativo entre MDF e MDP utilizados na indústria moveleira

Increasingly, the furniture market is competitive. The construction industry presents itself in growth, mainly due to the lines of existing incentives and tax credits established by the government, assisting the impulse to purchase real estate, building materials and furniture. Factors that promote and strengthen the sector's growth. With high demand from the furniture market, demand for higher quality and increasing technological advances, research is often undertaken in search of solutions for process improvement and product features, focusing on the production of materials less harmful to the environment, provision of raw press to lower cost, improve the production process and product development of cost-effective. This research focuses on the comparative study between two materials widely used in furniture manufacturing. MDF (Medium Density Fiberboard) and MDP (Medium Density Particleboard). The subject provides the focus in furniture production, presenting and comparing data collected from three companies producing panels between physical and mechanical characteristics of the materials, also presenting some of the main factors of influence on the quality of the panels, their features and applications on mobile. The study shows the high potential of using the MDP (Medium Density Particleboard) in furniture designs, as well as MDF (Medium Density Particleboard), favoring the final terms of the project , resulting in better utilization of each material , avoiding waste and increase unnecessary cost . Currently, several projects are developed in MDP and MDF furniture, where there is no relevance to their characteristics regarding their limitations. Many of these furnishings are designed without a specific study of the best use and positioning of each material, with better utilization , favoring collateral design , especially furniture designed exclusively for each environment . The lack of technical ...

Eficiência Energética e sustentabilidade em edificações: um estudo de caso na biblioteca da UNESP de Guaratinguetá

Energy efficiency has gained significant importance in recent years, mainly due to cyclical climatic conditions and current supply of natural resources. The present work deals with the procedures and requirements necessary to evaluate a building to a level of efficiency corresponding to your project and the actual implemented. To perform this analysis, we adopted the technical regulation efficiency prepared by Procel along with other agencies of the sector. The Regulation aims to create a model for the technical evaluation of the efficiency of buildings, popularize and expand the theme specification of conditions drawn up today. The building analyzed in this study was the library of UNESP, Guaratinguetá. Still, after the completion of the final efficiency analysis, are presented proposals for intervention that can improve and enhance the present situation of the building. The interventions are based on many technical factors and local conditions of climate and supply of resource. The issue of sustainability was explained in order to serve as a tool to expand the options available to upgrade a building in front of their impact on the environment

Análise da implantação das certificações ambientais LEED e AQUA: estudo de caso em alguns empreendimentos

Given the large potential impact that the construction industry has on the environment and the need to reduce environmental degradation , environmental certifications are important tools of environmental management. This work deals with the environmental certifications of sustainable buildings LEED and AQUA . This project employed the method of exploratory research to identify the requirements that impose the greatest difficulties in the implementation of LEED and AQUA , surveying the reasons for the choice of certification to be deployed and to analyzing the main benefits perceived by certified organizations. Concepts related to the topic were obtained from the literature, leading to the development of a questionnaire that was applied in organizations that have gone through the above certifications . From the analysis of questionnaires, it was possible to highlight that the main reasons for the adoption of an environmental certificate in the construction industry are linked to economic issues such as greater market recognition and appreciation of the project and what is still needed to invest in environmental awareness industry and the whole society

Gestão da qualidade na construção civil

Quality Management has become an essential requirement for all companies intending to compete and ensure its place in the labor market. Several tools have been created as a way of ensuring the effectiveness of quality management, in order to control and manage the quality of services and products to ensure a final product with a high degree of competition and quality, besides satisfaction and exceeding customer expectations. Due to the great importance it has at the presente time on the world stage and internationally, civil construction felt the need to eliminate the defects and the lack of quality that have become so common over time to ensure a quality product and it´s customers satisfaction. It was then that this industry began to implement and develop more modern techniques and tools for quality control in construction. Quality achieved position in global market, defining which companies would continue and which companies would leave it, not to mention it became insistently required by the customer. Some tools such as ISO 9000 guided companies seeking a quality management. This presentation will present some of these management tools and their applicability in the civil construction industry. Thus, it will be evident that despite the current resources it is necessary that civil construction professionals abandon the idea that considers quality management a problem and begin thinking about it as a solution to prevent future errors and ensure the quality of their services

Desenvolvimento de tijolos cerâmicos com escória de alto-forno

The construction industry is booming, and the federal government is heavily financially supporting public housing. This scenario is very favorable for the development of construction materials, especially low-cost construction. Thus, this study aims to develop a new class of unfired clay masonry bricks: GGBS stabilized bricks. Studies show that the ground granulated blast furnace slag, a material used as raw material in cement manufacture, can be used together with calcium oxide in soil stabilization for the manufacture of bricks. This study aims to test and identify the best parameters for the manufacture of unfired bricks, adapting its composition to the materials found in Brazil and identify the optimum curing conditions for our climate. So far preliminary studies were done to verify the technical feasibility of the material. Future studies should be done to ascertain the economic feasibility and environmental gains of such material

Implantação da ISO 9001:2008: estudo de caso em empresado setor de construção civil

In Brazil , the construction industry is on an upward trend, mainly by the housing shortage , and yet there are few builders that take a Quality Management System ( QMS ) to improve the quality of its services and processes . The ISO 9001 standards are guidelines for an effective QMS and this certificate is recognized worldwide as a seal of quality standard. This paper will describe and analyze the implementation of a QMS in a small construction company of Guaratinguetá - SP, identifying best practices and major difficulties , besides proposing preparatory recommendations for other companies that seek the ISO 9000 certification. Access to company’s data made the nonconformities and the customer satisfaction research analysis possible, and a questionnaire and unstructured interviews allowed a deeper understanding of the situation. Despite this ISO 9000 QMS not being fully implemented, the company has already conquered some improvements in document control, project planning, process traceability and established focus on customer

Caracterização físico-mecânica de elementos estruturais roliços perfilados de Amaru

The study of physical and mechanical properties of wood is essential for its structural use and it is of great importance to the construction industry. Thus, this study aimed to determine the physical and mechanical properties of the wood Amaru - a hybrid of Eucalyptus, developed by Plantar Projects and Forest Products Ltda. In order to determine the properties of Amaru, round samples were used, which were provided to the Laboratory of Wood and Wooden Structures of the School of Engineering of São Carlos, University of São Paulo - LaMEM / EESC / USP. For the characterization of the physical properties, the apparent specific gravity and moisture content of the samples were determined. To the mechanical characterization, the following properties were evaluated: strength and stiffness in compression, strength and stiffness in bending, shear and tension. The procedures of the tests performed in this study were done according to the recommendations of the Brazilian Wood Standard ABNT NBR 7190:1997. The specimen used were confectioned in actual dimensions, according to as those used in the construction system proposed by Plantar. The results obtained from the tests performed showed that the mechanical properties approached the values proposed by the Wood Standard NBR 7190. The visual grading was important to provide a primary idea about the failure modes to be obtained from the tests performed. The bending test showed the modulus of elasticity (MOE) and Modulus of Rupture (MOR), which resulted in 15822 MPa and 101,7 MPa, respectively. The compression test resulted in values Ec0,m and fc0, 15698 MPa and 50,7 MPa. The tensile strength (ft0) of this hybrid was calculated and its value obtained was 60,8 MPa. The shear strength (fv0) was 8,2 MPa. The results obtained from the tests are the basis for engineers and architects to design structures using wood species Amaru

Gerenciamento na construção civil - planejamento e controle: estudo de caso no planejamento físico de um empreendimento imobiliário

Given the high competitiveness in the construction industry, businesses became necessary in a management which reduce costs and delivery times, and is fundamental to running a compatible planning with the magnitude of each work order is the same make feasible the executor. When it comes to planning, one is including both the physical planning of the work, time and duration of the events, as well as the preparation of the cost thereof. There are numerous ways to run the management of works, then it is necessary, in most cases, the planning experience, in previous works, the engineer in charge, because with it he should know what strategy to take the work skirt as planned and designed. For a complete and efficient management, an initial study hard to prepare the physical and financial planning it is necessary, in order to make it real and consistent throughout the execution of the work. It is necessary also a hard monitoring of both the physical and the financial schedule in order to what was initially planned to be completed as close as possible. This paper shows a case study which uses some ways to the management be held with the course of planning, medium and short term, as well as the preparation of the initial budget of the work. Will also be presented as is performed physical planning of a real estate work

Práticas de gestão da melhoria contínua e aprendizado e suas contribuições para a capacidade de inovação na indústria de construção naval do Brasil

After years of stagnation, the naval construction industry in Brazil has been experiencing a period of recovery caused by investments in the oil and gas sector and the implementation of governmental programs that aimed to regenerate it. However, efforts in learning and innovations are needed in order to reinsert the country in this activity and achieve international levels of competitiveness. Based on literature about learning processes and continuous improvement practices and their impact in the innovative and productive processes, this paper aims to identify the main tendencies, mechanisms and procedures to improve the construction and management processes in the Brazilian naval construction industry. The methodology used for the data analysis classifies obtained information from magazines and annals of congresses of the sector, according to the established analysis categories (phenomena). Such categories study information related to the productive and technological processes of the industry, the main internal and external relations of the industrial park, the management of resources and processes, policies, investments, etc. The data was collected in the period 2004-2010, and more than 500 registers that show a dominance of the investment phenomenon, especially in the increase of productive capacity, were catalogued. In addition to this, there is evidence of modernization in the manufacturing plan and the equipment, diverse forms of cooperation, implementation of human resources management practices and engineering or processes and products. Hence, a process of catching up governs and is guided by modernization and increase training in this industry.

Benefícios na execução de uma obra sustentável em contrapartida aos métodos tradicionais da construção civil

The civil construction sector in Brazil is, simultaneously, a necessity that drives the economy and an evil that degrades the environment. Simple choices adopted in an enterprise can make big difference in harm caused by constructive practices, minimizing its harmful to the environment and making it sustainable. These choices, however, involve the use of materials and techniques often unknown by the builders, since the construction industry is very traditional. Even worse, the eco-friendly materials and sustainable techniques also face another obstacle to its use: the prejudice. Builders and customers prefer traditional methods to sustain belief that they present lower quality and higher price. This work raises awareness of the urgency with traditional methods must be overridden, showing practical and simple ways for this replacement, as well as confirm the quality equal to or even higher in the use of alternative materials and techniques, without addition in cost. Thus, the benefits are generated for all parties involved, from builders to residents

Projeto de condomínio residencial sustentável

It's devised in this work the starting project for the implementation of a residential condominium, focused in the use of technics and technologies to attain sustainability, also stretching to the pilot project for the model house. It's highlighted the methods for exploitation and reuse of water, energy conservation and reduction of environmental impacts. The proposal is to demonstrate the possibility of the use of simple, but effective, ecology technics to make an environmentally sustainable and economically viable project. The main motivators for this work is the growing hydric crisis faced by São Paulo state and the unpaired importance of the sustainability concept as the fundamental term to surmount the challenge of supplying the needs of the current generation without jeopardizing the future of the next generations