Review of the fire performance of LSF walls

Load bearing LSF walls are commonly made of cold-formed steel frames, gypsum plasterboards and insulation, and their fire performance is an important aspect of design. Many experimental and numerical studies have been conducted on the fire performance of LSF walls at the Queensland University of Technology (QUT). These studies have shown that increasing the number or thickness or quality of gypsum plasterboards has improved the fire resistance ratings (FRR) of LSF walls while the use of cavity insulation has reduced their FRR. Therefore new LSF wall systems with external insulation sandwiched between two layers of plasterboards were proposed, which provided higher FRR than cavity insulated walls. There are also other parameters that can improve the fire performance of LSF walls such as the steel type, stud geometry and depth, type of screw fasteners used, joints in the plasterboard and the plasterboard fall off time. This paper presents a review of the fire performance of LSF walls as a function of these parameters based on our research at QUT. Their effects on both the thermal and structural performance of LSF walls are discussed in detail and suitable improvements are recommended, for example, improved plasterboard joint types.

Social tagging, guppy effect and the role of interference : a quantum-inspired model for tags combination

Social tagging systems are shown to evidence a well known cognitive heuristic, the guppy effect, which arises from the combination of different concepts. We present some empirical evidence of this effect, drawn from a popular social tagging Web service. The guppy effect is then described using a quantum inspired formalism that has been already successfully applied to model conjunction fallacy and probability judgement errors. Key to the formalism is the concept of interference, which is able to capture and quantify the strength of the guppy effect.

Formal home health care, informal care, and family decision making

We use the 1993 wave of the Assets and Health Dynamics Among the Oldest Old (AHEAD) data set to estimate a game-theoretic model of families' decisions concerning the provision of informal and formal care for elderly individuals. The outcome is the Nash equilibrium where each family member jointly determines her consumption, transfers for formal care, and allocation of time to informal care, market work, and leisure. We use the estimates to decompose the effects of adult children's opportunity costs, quality of care, and caregiving burden on their propensities to provide informal care. We also simulate the effects of a broad range of policies of current interest. © (2009) by the Economics Department of the University of Pennsylvania and the Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association.

Security and the War on Terror

The terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 marked a turning point in international politics, representing a new type of threat that could not easily be anticipated or prevented through state-based structures of security alone. Opening up interdisciplinary conversations between strategic, economic, ethical and legal approaches to global terrorism, this edited book recognises a fundamental issue: while major crises initially tend to reinforce old thinking and behavioural patterns, they also allow societies to challenge and overcome entrenched habits, thereby creating the foundations for a new and perhaps more peaceful future. This volume addresses the issues that are at stake in this dual process of political closure, and therefore rethinks how states can respond to terrorist threats. The contributors range from leading conceptual theorists to policy-oriented analysts, from senior academics to junior researchers. The book explores how terrorism has had a profound impact on how security is being understood and implemented, and uses a range of hitherto neglected sources of insight, such as those between political, economic, legal and ethical factors, to examine the nature and meaning of security in a rapidly changing world.

Kokemuksia tieteellisten jatko-opintojen ohjauksesta Teknillisen korkeakoulun Tuotantotalouden osastolla : Tavoitteeksi suunnitelmallinen ohjaus jatko-opiskelijan kasvun tueksi

Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää Teknillisen korkeakoulun Tuotantotalouden osaston jatko-opintojenohjauksen nykykäytännöt ja kartoittaa jatko-opiskelijoiden kokemuksia jatko-opintojen ohjauksesta. Lisäksi haluttiin kehittää ohjauksen käytäntöjä. Tutkimusote oli kvalitatiivinen ja pääasialliset tutkimusmenetelmät olivat grounded theory ja teemahaastattelu. Jatko-opiskelijoita haastateltiin yhteensä 18 Tuotantotaloudenosaston kaikilta jatkokoulutuslinjoilta: perinteiseltä linjalta, valtakunnallisesta tohtoriohjelmasta ja teollisuuden tohtoriohjelmasta ExIMasta. Tutkimuksen teoriapohjana olivat konstruktivistinen oppimiskäsitys ja sosiaalikonstruktivismi. Tutkimuksessa pyrittiin löytämään tutkimuksen teon elementit ja selvittämään, kuinka tutkijankoulutusprosessia tulisi konstruktivistisen oppimiskäsityksen mukaisesti tukea. Tieteellisen tiedon tuottamista sosiaalisena prosessina ja ryhmän tukea tutkimuksen teossa käsiteltiin sosiaalikonstruktivistisen teorian avulla. Tutkimuksen päätulokseksi saatiin, että jatko-opiskelijan tutkimusprosessin ohjaamiseen kaivataan suunnitelmallisuutta ja struktuuria. Tutkimuksen tuloksena esitetyn ohjausmallin mukaan opiskelija halutaan aktivoida pohtimaan omia tavoitteitaan ja tutkimuksen teon etenemistä sekä ohjaustarpeitaan jatahoja, joista ohjausta voi hakea. Tämän prosessin tueksi sekä jatko-opiskelijan ja ohjaajan avuksi tutkimuksessa esitetään käytännön työkalu, ohjaussuunnitelma. Yksilöohjauksen järjestäminen on kaikilla jatkokoulutuslinjoilla opiskelijan omalla vastuulla, ja usein ohjaustilanteiden järjestäminen koetaan vaikeaksi. Jatko-opiskelijoilla on useita ohjaustahoja, esimerkiksi oman korkeakoulun ja muiden korkeakoulujen professorien lisäksi tutkijakollegat ja teollisuuden edustajat. Yksilöohjaus on menetelmä- ja sisältötukea, henkistä tukea, kannustusta, keskustelua, ideoita ja ajatusten jäsennystä. Vertaisohjaukseen kuuluu näiden lisäksi samassa tilanteessa olevien ihmisten tuki, palaute ja kritiikki. Hyvän ohjauksen elementtejä ovat kannustaminen ja innostaminen, neuvominen ja jäsentäminen sekä seuranta ja säännöllisyys. Ohjauksessa tulisi lisäksi ottaa huomioon jatkotutkinnon erilainen merkitys eri opiskelijoille. Jatkotutkinto merkitsee joillekin ajokorttia akateemiseen maailmaan, toisille ammatillista kehitystä teollisuudessa. Tutkimuksen teon eri vaiheissa tarvitaan erilaista ohjausta: alkuvaiheessa tiukkaa ohjausta, jotta tutkimuksen oikeat urat löytyvät, raakatyön vaiheessa tukea ja kannustusta, jotta aineistonkeruu ja analyysi onnistuvat, ja loppuvaiheessa tutkimusraportin kommentointia. Tutkimuksessa todetaan lisäksi, että tieto- ja viestintätekniikkaa hyödyntäen voidaan hoitaa joitakin ohjausalueita paremmin kuin nykykäytännöillä. Tutkimuksen tärkeimpiä lähteitä olivat grounded theoryn osalta Strauss & Corbinin(1990) teos, ohjauksen osalta Aittolan (1995), Aittolan & Määtän (1997, 1998) tutkimukset ja Ackerin,Hillin & Blackin (1994) tutkimukset sekä konstruktivismin osalta von Wrightin (1996) ja Tynjälän (1999) tutkimukset. Avainsanat: Tieteelliset jatko-opinnot, teollisuuden tohtoriohjelma, ohjaus, tutorointi, mentorointi, konstruktivismi, sosiaalikonstruktivismi, grounded theory Keywords: Postgraduate education, Ph.D. studies, industry-university collaboration in Ph.D. studies, constructivism, social constructivism, grounded theory, tutoring, mentoring, supervision

Socialist Realism instead of Formalism : the Formation and Development of the Soviet Music Control System 1932-1950

Whereas it has been widely assumed in the public that the Soviet music policy system had a “top-down” structure of control and command that directly affected musical creativity, in fact my research shows that the relations between the different levels of the music policy system were vague, and the viewpoints of its representatives differed from each other. Because the representatives of the party and government organs controlling operas could not define which kind of music represented Socialist Realism, the system as it developed during the 1930s and 1940s did not function effectively enough in order to create such a centralised control of Soviet music, still less could Soviet operas fulfil the highly ambiguous aesthetics of Socialist Realism. I show that musical discussions developed as bureaucratic ritualistic arenas, where it became more important to reveal the heretical composers, making scapegoats of them, and requiring them to perform self-criticism, than to give directions on how to reach the artistic goals of Socialist Realism. When one opera was found to be unacceptable, this lead to a strengthening of control by the party leadership, which lead to more operas, one after the other, to be revealed as failures. I have studied the control of the composition, staging and reception of the opera case-studies, which remain obscure in the West despite a growing scholarly interest in them, and have created a detailed picture of the foundation and development of the Soviet music control system in 1932-1950. My detailed discussion of such case-studies as Ivan Dzerzhinskii’s The Quiet Don, Dmitrii Shostakovich’s Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk District, Vano Muradeli’s The Great Friendship, Sergei Prokofiev’s Story of a Real Man, Tikhon Khrennikov’s Frol Skobeev and Evgenii Zhukovskii’s From All One’s Heart backs with documentary precision the historically revisionist model of the development of Soviet music. In February 1948, composers belonging to the elite of the Union of Soviet Composers, e.g. Dmitri Shostakovich and Sergei Prokofiev, were accused in a Central Committee Resolution of formalism, as been under the influence of western modernism. Accusations of formalism were connected to the criticism of the conciderable financial, material and social privileges these composers enjoyed in the leadership of the Union. With my new archival findings I give a more detailed picture of the financial background for the 1948 campaign. The independent position of the music funding organization of the Union of Soviet Composers (Muzfond) to decide on its finances was an exceptional phenomenon in the Soviet Union and contradicted the strivings to strengthen the control of Soviet music. The financial audits of the Union of Soviet Composers did not, however, change the elite status of some of its composers, except for maybe a short duration in some cases. At the same time the independence of the significal financial authorities of Soviet theatres was restricted. The cuts in the governmental funding allocated to Soviet theatres contradicted the intensified ideological demands for Soviet operas.

La creación de empresas en el ámbito universitario: una aplicación de la teoría de los recursos

[ES] La creación de empresas desde las universidades no sólo es una vía de transferencia de tecnología sino que además contribuye al desarrollo de la economía regional. Sin embargo, debido al carácter relativamente reciente del fenómeno de las spin-offs universitarias, no abundan los estudios empíricos sobre el tema. En este trabajo analizamos qué factores presentes en las universidades influyen en la creación de spin-offs desde la óptica de la teoría de los recursos. Los resultados indican que los recursos financieros e institucionales se encuentran relacionados positivamente con el emprendimiento universitario.

Cartas enviadas por Gorka Aulestia a Justo Garate en 1987

2 cartas (manuscritas) ; 217x280mm. Ubicación: Caja 1 - Carpeta 77

Impacto da implementação do Restaurante Universitário na alimentação de estudantes da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

O ambiente universitário é um espaço estratégico para a promoção da alimentação saudável e da segurança alimentar e nutricional, pois muitos hábitos alimentares adquiridos pelos estudantes se mantêm na idade adulta. No Brasil, nos últimos anos, esse ambiente passou a ser ainda mais estratégico, uma vez que incorporou medidas de ação afirmativa (sistema de cotas) e de permanência dos estudantes. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o impacto da implementação do Restaurante Universitário (RU) na alimentação de estudantes de uma universidade pública brasileira. Seus resultados estão apresentados na forma de dois artigos. O primeiro objetivou descrever as práticas alimentares de estudantes do campus Maracanã da UERJ antes da implementação do RU e examiná-las segundo sua forma de ingresso na universidade (cotistas e não cotistas). No segundo semestre de 2011, foi realizado um estudo seccional com o universo de estudantes ingressantes no primeiro semestre daquele ano. Utilizou-se questionário autopreenchido e identificado que abarcou os hábitos de realizar desjejum e de substituir o almoço e/ou o jantar por lanche regularmente (≥ 5 dias/semana) e o consumo regular (≥ 5 dias/semana) de alimentos marcadores de alimentação saudável e não saudável. Participaram do estudo 1336 estudantes. Foram descritas e comparadas a distribuição da frequência semanal dessas práticas e, também, a proporção de estudantes que realizaram essas práticas em pelo menos cinco dias na semana que antecedeu o estudo. Foram observadas proporções expressivas de: não realização do desjejum, substituição do jantar por lanche, baixo consumo de frutas, hortaliças e feijão e consumo frequente de bebidas açucaradas, guloseimas e biscoitos e/ou salgadinhos de pacote. Entre cotistas, foi mais frequente o consumo de feijão, de biscoitos e/ou salgadinhos de pacote e de biscoitos doces e menos frequentes a substituição de jantar por lanche e o consumo de hortaliças e de frutas. Cotistas e não cotistas apresentaram práticas alimentares com algumas semelhanças e desfavoráveis para a saúde. As diferenças observadas entre os dois grupos foram, em sua maioria, na direção de um quadro mais desfavorável para os cotistas, exceto para o feijão. O segundo artigo objetivou avaliar o impacto da implementação do RU sobre as práticas alimentares dos estudantes segundo forma de ingresso na universidade. Para isso, entre os meses de dezembro de 2012 e março de 2013, os estudantes responderam outra vez o questionário autopreenchido no baseline complementado com questões sobre utilização do RU (n= 1131). A variação das práticas alimentares foi examinada pela diferença entre proporções obtidas antes e depois da implementação do RU e pela trajetória individual de cada estudante em relação às práticas estudadas. Foi observada associação entre maior assiduidade ao RU e maior frequência de consumo regular de feijão, hortaliças, hortaliças cruas, hortaliças cozidas e frutas e, também, menor frequência de consumo regular de batata frita e/ou salgados fritos e de biscoitos e/ou salgadinhos de pacote. Quando comparados aos demais, os usuários assíduos tiveram maior chance de trajetória positiva para realização do almoço, do jantar e consumo de feijão, hortaliças, hortaliças cruas, frutas e guloseimas e menor chance de trajetória negativa para consumo de feijão, hortaliças cruas, batata frita e/ou salgados fritos. Cotistas assíduos ao RU apresentaram resultados favoráveis para consumo de feijão, hortaliças, hortaliças cruas, biscoitos e/ou salgadinhos de pacote e batata frita e/ou salgados fritos e não cotistas assíduos ao RU, para consumo de feijão, hortaliças cruas, embutidos e guloseimas. A implementação do RU promoveu a melhoria na alimentação dos estudantes assíduos ao RU.

Flash-lamp-pumped picosecond Nd:YAG regenerative amplifier

A flash-lamp-pumped Nd

Contrastive study of two SESAMs for passive mode-locking in Nd:YVC>4 laser with low pump power

Two semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs), of which one is coated with 50% reflection film on the top and the other is not, were contrastively studied in passively mode-locked solid-state lasers which were pumped by low output power laser diode (LD). Experiments have shown that reducing the modulation depth of SESAM by coating partial reflection film, whose reflectivity is higher than that between SESAM and air interface, is an effective method to get continuous wave (CW) mode-locking instead of Q-switched mode-locking (QML) in low power pumped solid-state lasers. A simple Nd:YVO4 laser pumped by low power LD, in which no water-cooling system was used, could obtain CW mode-locking by the 50% reflector coated SESAM with average output power of ~ 20 mW

Bandwidth Design for CMOS Monolithic Photoreceiver

A monolithic photoreceiver which consists of a double photodiode (DPD) detector and a regulated cascade(RGC) transimpedance amplifier (TIA) is designed. The small signal circuit model of DPD is given and the band width design method of a monolithic photoreceiver is presented. An important factor which limits the bandwidth of DPD detector and the photoreceiver is presented and analyzed in detail. A monolithic photoreceiver with 1.71GHz bandwidth and 49dB transimpedance gain is designed and simulated by applying a low-cost 0. 6um CMOS process and the test result is given.