988 resultados para Malley, WIlliam C.
Resumo:
In Escherichia coli, the Min system, consisting of three proteins, MinC, MinD, and MinE, negatively regulates FtsZ assembly at the cell poles, helping to ensure that the Z ring will assemble only at midcell. Of the three Min proteins, MinC is sufficient to inhibit Z-ring assembly. By binding to MinD, which is mostly localized at the membrane near the cell poles, MinC is sequestered away from the cell midpoint, increasing the probability of Z-ring assembly there. Previously, it has been shown that the two halves of MinC have two distinct functions. The N-terminal half is sufficient for inhibition of FtsZ assembly, whereas the C-terminal half of the protein is required for binding to MinD as well as to a component of the division septum. In this study, we discovered that overproduction of the C-terminal half of MinC (MinC(122-231)) could also inhibit cell division and that this inhibition was at the level of Z-ring disassembly and dependent on MinD. We also found that fusing green fluorescent protein to either the N-terminal end of MinC(122-231), the C terminus of full-length MinC, or the C terminus of MinC(122-231) perturbed MinC function, which may explain why cell division inhibition by MinC(122-231) was not detected previously. These results suggest that the C-terminal half of MinC has an additional function in the regulation of Z-ring assembly.
Resumo:
(gamma)-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system, influences neuronal activity by interacting with at least two pharmacologically and functionally distinct receptors. GABA(,A) receptors are sensitive to blockade by bicuculline, are associated with benzodiazepine and barbiturate binding sites, and mediate chloride flux. The biochemical and pharmacolocal properties of GABA(,B) receptors, which are stereoselectively activated by (beta)-p-chlorophenyl GABA (baclofen), are less well understood. The aim of this study was to define these features of GABA(,B) receptors, with particular emphasis on their possible relationship to the adenylate cyclase system in brain.^ By themselves, GABA agonists have no effect on cAMP accumulation in rat brain slices. However, some GABA agonists markedly enhance the cAMP accumulation that results from exposure to norepinephrine, adenosine, VIP, and cholera toxin. Evidence that this response is mediated by the GABA(,B) system is provided by the finding that it is bicuculline-insensitive, and by the fact that only those agents that interact with GABA(,B) binding sites are active in this regard. GABA(,B) agonists are able to enhance neurotransmitter-stimulated cAMP accumulation in only certain brain regions, and the response is not influenced by phosphodiesterase inhibitors, although is totally dependent on the availability of extracellular calcium. Furthermore, data suggest that inhibition of phospholipase A(,2), a calcium-dependent enzyme, decreases the augmenting response to baclofen, although inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism are without effect. These findings indicate that either arachidonic acid or lysophospholipid, products of PLA(,2)-mediated degradation of phospholipids, mediates the augmentation. Moreover, phorbol esters, compounds which directly activate protein kinase C, were also found to enhance neurotransmitter-stimulated cAMP accumulation in rat brain slices. Since this enzyme is known to be stimulated by unsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonate, it is proposed that GABA(,B) agonists enhance cAMP accumulation by fostering the production of arachidonic acid which stimulates protein kinase C, leading to the phosphorylation of some component of the adenylate cyclase system. Thus, GABA, through an interaction with GABA(,B) receptors, modulates neurotransmitter receptor responsiveness in brain. The pharmocological manipulation of this response could lead to the development of therapeutic agents having a more subtle influence than current drugs on central nervous system function. ^
Resumo:
Peat deposits in Greenland and Denmark were investigated to show that high-resolution dating of these archives of atmospheric deposition can be provided for the last 50 years by radiocarbon dating using the atmospheric bomb pulse. (super 14) C was determined in macrofossils from sequential one cm slices using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Values were calibrated with a general-purpose curve derived from annually averaged atmospheric (super 14) CO (sub 2) values in the northernmost northern hemisphere (NNH, 30 degrees -90 degrees N). We present a through review of (super 14) C bomb-pulse data from the NNH including our own measurements made in tree rings and seeds from Arizona as well as other previously published data. We show that our general-purpose calibration curve is valid for the whole NNH producing accurate dates within 1-2 years. In consequence, (super 14) C AMS can precisely date individual points in recent peat deposits within the range of the bomb-pulse (from the mid-1950s on). Comparing the (super 14) C AMS results with the customary dating method for recent peat profiles by (super 210) Pb, we show that the use of (super 137) Cs to validate and correct (super 210) Pb dates proves to be more problematic than previously supposed. As a unique example of our technique, we show how this chronometer can be applied to identify temporal changes in Hg concentrations from Danish and Greenland peat cores.
Resumo:
Fil: Di Berardino, MarÃa Aurelia. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.
Resumo:
Este trabajo se propone analizar el intertexto que une al escritor Edouard Glissant con William Faulkner a través de dos obras: el ensayo Faulkner, Mississipi (1996) y la novela Sartorius (1999). En el primer texto, el autor enfatiza cuestiones presentes en su propia obra novelesca: la genealogÃa, la relación con el espacio de la plantación, el mestizaje, la (i)legitimidad de derechos con respecto a la posesión de la tierra, la opacidad. En el segundo, traza una lÃnea genealógica de un personaje perteneciente a una etnia africana imaginaria, haciéndolo llegar hasta las plantaciones del sur de los Estados Unidos; paralelamente, presenta la lÃnea genealógica de los Sartoris. En esta dirección, busco mostrar cómo el proyecto literario de Glissant dialoga con la obra de Faulkner, indagando e inventariando las mismas problemáticas con respecto al transplante de poblaciones y su inserción en el espacio de las plantaciones, tanto en el sur de los Estados Unidos como en las islas del Caribe. En las obras de ambos escritores puede percibirse el mismo vértigo trágico que persigue a los personajes, conduciéndolos a la locura, el sufrimiento y la muerte
Resumo:
Este trabajo se propone analizar el intertexto que une al escritor Edouard Glissant con William Faulkner a través de dos obras: el ensayo Faulkner, Mississipi (1996) y la novela Sartorius (1999). En el primer texto, el autor enfatiza cuestiones presentes en su propia obra novelesca: la genealogÃa, la relación con el espacio de la plantación, el mestizaje, la (i)legitimidad de derechos con respecto a la posesión de la tierra, la opacidad. En el segundo, traza una lÃnea genealógica de un personaje perteneciente a una etnia africana imaginaria, haciéndolo llegar hasta las plantaciones del sur de los Estados Unidos; paralelamente, presenta la lÃnea genealógica de los Sartoris. En esta dirección, busco mostrar cómo el proyecto literario de Glissant dialoga con la obra de Faulkner, indagando e inventariando las mismas problemáticas con respecto al transplante de poblaciones y su inserción en el espacio de las plantaciones, tanto en el sur de los Estados Unidos como en las islas del Caribe. En las obras de ambos escritores puede percibirse el mismo vértigo trágico que persigue a los personajes, conduciéndolos a la locura, el sufrimiento y la muerte
Resumo:
Fil: Di Berardino, MarÃa Aurelia. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.
Resumo:
Este trabajo se propone analizar el intertexto que une al escritor Edouard Glissant con William Faulkner a través de dos obras: el ensayo Faulkner, Mississipi (1996) y la novela Sartorius (1999). En el primer texto, el autor enfatiza cuestiones presentes en su propia obra novelesca: la genealogÃa, la relación con el espacio de la plantación, el mestizaje, la (i)legitimidad de derechos con respecto a la posesión de la tierra, la opacidad. En el segundo, traza una lÃnea genealógica de un personaje perteneciente a una etnia africana imaginaria, haciéndolo llegar hasta las plantaciones del sur de los Estados Unidos; paralelamente, presenta la lÃnea genealógica de los Sartoris. En esta dirección, busco mostrar cómo el proyecto literario de Glissant dialoga con la obra de Faulkner, indagando e inventariando las mismas problemáticas con respecto al transplante de poblaciones y su inserción en el espacio de las plantaciones, tanto en el sur de los Estados Unidos como en las islas del Caribe. En las obras de ambos escritores puede percibirse el mismo vértigo trágico que persigue a los personajes, conduciéndolos a la locura, el sufrimiento y la muerte