Studies on new processing aids and other compounding ingredients in special purpose rubbers

In the first part of the study we probed the effectiveness of rice bran oil as a multipurpose compounding ingredient for nitrile (NBR) and chloroprene (CR) rubbers. This oil has already been successfully employed in the compounding of NR and SBR in this laboratory.In this context we thought it worthwhile to try this oil in the polar rubbers viz, NBR and CR also. The principle of like dissolves like as applicable to solvents is equally applicable while selecting a plasticiser, elastomer combination. Because of the compatibility considerations polar plasticisers are preferred for polar rubbers like NBR and CR. Although plasticisation is a physical phenomenon and no chemical reaction is involved, the chemical structure of plasticisers determines how much physical attraction there is between the rubber and the plasticiser. In this context it is interesting to note that the various fatty acids present in rice bran oil have a long paraffinic chain, characteristic of waxes, with an acid group at the end of the molecule. The paraffinic end of the molecule contributes lubricating effects and limits compatibility whereas the acid end group contributes some polarity and is also chemically reactive. Because of absorption of acid group on the surface of pigments, these acids will have active pigment wetting characteristics also. These factors justifies the role of rice bran oil as a co-activator and lubricating agent for NBR and CR. In fact in our study we successfully replaced stearic acid as co-activator and aromatic oillDOP as processing aid for CR and NBR with rice bran oil.This part of the study has got special significance in the fact that rubber industry now heavily depends on petroleum industry for process oils. The conventional process oils like aromatic, naphthenic and paraffinic oils are increasingly becoming costlier, as its resources in nature are fast depleting. Moreover aromatic process oils are reported to be carcinogenic because of the presence of higher levels of polycyclic aromatic compounds in these oils.As a result of these factors, a great amount research is going on world over for newer processing aids which are cost effective, nontoxic and performanance wise at par with the conventional ones used in the rubber industry. Trials with vegetable oils in this direction is worth trying.Antioxidants are usually added to the rubber compound to minimise ageing effects from heat, light, oxygen etc. As rice bran oil contains significant amount of tocopherols and oryzanol which are natural antioxidants, we replaced a phenolic antioxidant like styrenated phenol (SP) from the compound recipe of both the rubbers with RBO and ascertained whether this oil could function in the role of antioxidant as well.Preparation and use of epoxidised rice bran oil as plasticiser has already been reported.The crude rice bran oil having an iodine value of 92 was epoxidised in this laboratory using peracetic acid in presence of sulphuric acid as catalyst. The epoxy content of the epoxidised oil was determined volumetrically by treating a known weight of the oil with excess HCI and back titrating the residual HCI with standard alkali solution. The epoxidised oil having an epoxy content of 3.4% was tried in the compounding of NBR and CR as processing aids. And results of these investigations are also included in this chapter. In the second part of the study we tried how RBO/ERBO could perform when used as a processing aid in place of aromatic oil in the compounding of black filled NRCR blends. Elastomers cannot have all the properties required for a particular applications, so it is common practice in rubber industry to blend two elastomers to have desired property for the resulting blend.In this RBO/ERBO was tried as a processing aid for plasticisation, dispersion of fillers, and vulcanisation of black filled NR-CR blends.Aromatic oil was used as a control. The results of our study indicate that these oils could function as a processing aid and when added together with carbon black function as a cure accelerator also.PVC is compatible with nitrile rubber in all proportions, provided NBR has an acrylonitrile content of 25 to 40%. Lower or higher ACN content in NBR makes it incompatible with PVC.PVC is usually blended with NBR at high temperatures. In order to reduce torque during mixing, additional amounts of plasticisers like DOP are added. The plasticiser should be compatible both with PVC and NBR so as to get a homogeneous blend. Epoxidised soyaben oil is reported to have been used in the compounding of PVC as it can perfonn both as an efficient plasticiser and heat stabilizer.At present DOP constitute the largest consumed plasticiser in the PVC compounding. The migration of this plasticiser from food packaging materials made of PVC poses great health hazards as this is harmful to human body. In such a scenario we also thought it worthwhile to see whether DOP could be replaced by rice bran oil in the compounding of NBR-PVC blends Different blends of NBR-PVC were prepared with RBO and were vulcanized using sulphur and conventional accelerators. The various physical and mechanical properties of the vulcanisates were evaluated and compared with those prepared with DOP as the control plasticiser. Epoxidised rice bran oil was also tried as plasticiser for the preparation of NBR-PVC blends. A comparison of the processability and cure characteristics of the different blends prepared with DOP and ERBO showed that ERBO based blends have better processability and lower cure time values. However the elastographic maximum torque values are higher for the DOP based blends. Almost all of the physical properties evaluated are found to be slightly better for the DOP based blends over the ERBO based ones. However a notable feature of the ERBO based blends is the better percentage retention of elongation at break values after ageing over the DOP based blends. The results of these studies using rice bran oil and its epoxidised variety indicated that they could be used as efficient plasticisers in place of DOP and justifies their role as novel, nontoxic, and cheap plasticisers for NBR-PVC blends.

Bioactivity Profile of Polyunsaturated Fattyacid extracts from Sardinella longiceps and Sardinella fimbriata – A comparative study

The oceans have proved to be an interminable source of new and effective drugs. Innumerable studies have proved that specific compounds isolated from marine organisms have great nutritional and pharmaceutical value. Polyunsaturated fattyacids (PUFA) in general are known for their dietary benefits in preventing and curing several critical ailments including Coronary heart disease (CHD) and cancers of various kinds. Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) are two PUFA which are entirely marine in origin – and small Clupeoid fishes like sardines are known to be excellent sources of these two compounds. In this study, we selected two widely available Sardine species in the west coast, Sardinella longiceps and Sardinella fimbriata, for a comparative analysis of their bioactive properties. Both these sardines are known to be rich in EPA and DHA, however considerable seasonal variation in its PUFA content was expected and these variations studied. An extraction procedure to isolate PUFA at high purity levels was identified and the extracts obtained thus were studied for anti-bacterial, anti-diabetic and anti-cancerous properties.Samples of both the sardines were collected from landing centre, measured and their gut content analysed in four different months of the year – viz. June, September, December and March. The fish samples were analyzed for fattyacid using FAME method using gas chromatography to identify the full range of fattyacids and their respective concentration in each of the samples. The fattyacids were expressed in mg/g meat and later converted to percentage values against total fatty acids and total PUFA content. Fattyacids during winter season (Dec-Mar) were found to be generally higher than spawning season (June-Sept). PUFA dominated the profiles of both species and average PUFA content was also higher during winter. However, it was found that S. longiceps had proportionately higher EPA as compared to S. fimbriata which was DHA rich. Percentage of EPA and DHA also varied across months for both species – the spawning season seemed to show higher EPA content in S. longiceps and higher DHA content in S. fimbriata. Gut content analysis indicate that adult S. fimbriata is partial to zooplanktons which are DHA rich while adult S. longiceps feed mainly on EPA rich phytoplankton. Juveniles of both species, found mainly in winter, had a gut content showing more mixed diet. This difference in the feeding pattern reflect clearly in their PUFA profile – adult S. longiceps, which dominate the catch during the spawn season, feeding mostly on phytoplankton is concentrated with EPA while the juveniles which are found mostly in the winter season has slightly less EPA proportion as compared to adults. The same is true for S. fimbriata adults that are caught mostly in the spawning season; being rich in DHA as they feed mainly on zooplankton while the juveniles caught during winter season has a relatively lower concentration of DHA in their total PUFA.Various extraction procedures are known to obtain PUFA from fish oil. However, most of them do not give high purity and do not use materials indicated as safe. PUFA extracts have to be edible and should not have harmful substances for applying on mice and human subjects. Some PUFA extraction procedures, though pure and non-toxic, might induce cis-trans conversions during the extraction process. This conversion destroys the benefits of PUFA and at times is harmful to human body. A method free from these limitations has been standardized for this study. Gas Chromatography was performed on the extracts thus made to ensure that it is substantially pure. EPA: DHA ratios for both samples were derived - for S. longiceps this ratio was 3:2, while it was 3:8 for S. fimbriata.Eight common strains of gram positive and gram negative bacterial strains were subjected to the PUFA extracts from both species dissolved in acetone solution using Agar Well Diffusion method. The activity was studied against an acetone control. At the end of incubation period, zones of inhibition were measured to estimate the activity. Minimum inhibitory concentration for each of the active combinations was calculated by keeping p < 0.01 as significant. Four of the bacteria including multi-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were shown to be inhibited by the fish extracts. It was also found that the extracts from S. fimbriata were better than the one from S. longiceps in annihilating harmful bacteria.Four groups of mice subjects were studied to evaluate the antidiabetic properties of the PUFA extracts. Three groups were induced diabetes by administration of alloxan tetra hydrate. One group without diabetes was kept as control and another with diabetes was kept as diabetic control. For two diabetic groups, a prescribed amount of fish extracts were fed from each of the extracts. The biochemical parameters like serum glucose, total cholesterol, LDL & HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, urea and creatinine were sampled from all four groups at regular intervals of 7 days for a period of 28 days. It was found that groups fed with fish extracts had marked improvement in the levels of total LDL & HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and creatinine. Groups fed with extracts from S. fimbriata seem to have fared better as compared to S. longiceps. However, both groups did not show any marked improvement in blood glucose levels or levels of urea.Cell lines of MCF-7 (Breast Cancer) and DU-145 (Prostate Cancer) were used to analyse the cytotoxicity of the PUFA extracts. Both cell lines were subjected to MTT Assay and later the plates were read using an ELISA reader at a wavelength of 570nm. It was found that both extracts had significant cytotoxic effects against both cell lines and a peak cytotoxicity of 85-90% was apparent. IC50 values were calculated from the graphs and it was found that S. longiceps extracts had a slightly lower IC50 value indicating that it is toxic even at a lower concentration as compared to extracts from S. fimbriata.This study summarizes the bioactivity profile of PUFA extracts and provides recommendation for dietary intake; fish based nutritional industry and indigenous pharmaceutical industry. Possible future directions of this study are also elaborated.

Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Terpolymer/Hexafluoropropylene-Vinylidinefluoride Elastomeric Composites: Thermal, Mechanical and Microwave Properties

In the present study, an attempt has been made to prepare composites by incorporating expanded graphite fillers in insulating elastomer matrices and to study its DC electrical conductivity, dielectric properties and electromagnetic shielding characteristics, in addition to evaluating the mechanical properties. Recently, electronic devices and components have been rapidly developing and advancing. Thus, with increased usage of electronic devices, electromagnetic waves generated by electronic systems can potentially create serious problems such as malfunctions of medical apparatus and industry robots and can even cause harm to the human body. Therefore, in this work the applicable utility of the prepared composites as electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding material are also investigated. The dissertation includes nine chapters

Investlgations On The Chemical Constituents And Trace Metal Interactions In Some Bivalve Moll.USCS Of The Cochin Backwaters

The subsequent chapters of the Thesis deal with the toxic effects of mercury, copper, zinc und~1ead on these bivalve molluecs, their accumulation and distribution among various organs of the animals and also the motel retention winstica by the three species. Static biousauy tests have been conducted in these studies. It was found that the concentrations of the various metals studied in these organism are well below the permitted level given far ease ahellfienes (crab and ehrimgi and that these maliuscs are very good integrators ef trace metals from their environment and may be used as an indicator organism sf metal pallutaute. The present investigutionsemphaeie the need for a clean coastal water and gives a serious warning regarding the possiblc route of heavy metals in ta human body thraugh marine food chain.

Der Prothesengott - Subjektivität und Transplantationsmedizin

Im Dezember 1997 veröffentlichte die Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung den als Rechtsgutachten abgefassten Beitrag des Heidelberger Juristen Friedrich-Christian Schoeder (Schroeder 1997). Die Frage, die Autor und Zeitung eher spielerisch als aus konkretem Anlass umtrieb, galt dem rechtlichen Status eines Menschen, dessen Kopf auf den Körper eines anderen Menschen transplantiert wurde. Medizinisch waren und sind solche Eingriffe noch nicht durchführbar, aber immerhin schienen sie für den Autor und die Zeitung eine Aktualität zu besitzen. Auch bei folgenden Auseinandersetzungen, die in den Medien um die Konsequenzen der medizinisch-technischen Entwicklung geführt wurden, geraten Bewusstsein, Subjektivität und Körper zum statischem Abbild des Gegenwärtigen, sie werden nicht als Substrat historischer Prozesse begriffen. Ohne den Begriff der Vergangenheit plaudern sich eine Vielzahl Autoren durch die Zukunft. In dieser muss auch der auf einen fremden Körper übertragene Kopf als Rechtssubjekt verwaltet werden. Aber wie verändert sich der Mensch, durch eine medizinische Maßnahme vervollständigt, die dauerhaft seine Körpergrenze verschiebt? Die Transplantationsmedizin ist bei der Auseinandersetzung um Subjektivität nicht nur dann von besonderem Interesse, wenn ein Kopf auf, sondern auch, wenn ein gespendetes Organ in einen fremden Körper verpflanzt wird. Die Trennung von Fremd und Eigen, Außen und Innen ist eng mit dem Zivilisationsprozess und der Subjektwerdung verbunden. Was körperlich durch medizinische Maßnahmen verschoben wird, die Grenze zwischen Außen und Innen, ist die Bedingung der Möglichkeit von Subjektivität. Der Titel dieser Arbeit, Der Prothesengott, verweist auf die individuellen und zivilisatorischen Leistungen, die vollbracht werden mussten, um mit Fug und Recht „Ich“ sagen zu können. Der Begriff Prothesengott ist der Freudschen Schrift Das Unbehagen in der Kultur entnommen. Freud schreibt dort vom Ideal des Prothesengottes und das erste Kapitel der hier vorgelegten Arbeit ist der Entfaltung dieses Ideals gewidmet. Dieses Begriffspaar hat mehr Bedeutungsnuancen, als Freud an Ort und Stelle entwickelte. Es umfasst die Bedeutung von Mythos und Gott als Prothesen, als Ideale, die den Menschen vervollständigten. Aber auch die Bedeutung von Theorien, Ideen, schlicht Idealen als Prothesen Gottes ist angesprochen, und damit der Versuch, den Verlust Gottes auszugleichen. Und zu guter Letzt benennt es das Ideal eines Gottes durch Prothesen, die Apotheose, wie Freud sie meinte: Als Vergötzung der Prothesen, mit denen der Mensch sich vervollständigt, um sich nach dem Tod Gottes selber ein Versprechen auf Erlösung sein zu können. Mit dieser Entfaltung soll die Zivilisation wie die individuelle Entwicklung als ein Prozess rekonstruiert werden, in dem Subjektivität gleichzeitig hervorgebracht und beschädigt wird. Diese Dialektik von Zivilisation und Barbarisierung findet ihren vorläufigen Höhepunkt im Fortschreiten der technischen Mittel unserer Zeit. Zur empirischen Fassung der historisch vorfindlichen Subjektivität wurden Patienten der Transplantationseinheit der Universität Leipzig gebeten, in den ersten drei Monaten nach der Operation Tagebücher auszufüllen. Diese Tagebücher wurden mit statistischen und hermeneutischen Methoden ausgewertet. Die Transplantationserfahrung offenbart sich in den Tagebüchern zwar als besondere, aber in eine Vielzahl von Techniken der Körpergestaltung eingebettete Maßnahme. Neben einer kritischen Würdigung des methodischen Vorgehens wird im fünften Kapitel die Transplantationserfahrung in den Kontext anderer Forschungsergebnisse zur Gestaltung des Körpers gestellt. Deren kritische Diskussion und die Transplantationserfahrungen bieten einen Ausblick darauf, was Eingedenken der Natur im Subjekt heute bedeuten kann.

Slave-boson approach to the size-dependent transition from van der Waals to covalent bonding in Hg_n clusters

We use a microscopic theory to describe the dynamics of the valence electrons in divalent-metal clusters. The theory is based on a many-body model Harniltonian H which takes into account, on the same electronic level, the van der Waals and the covalent bonding. In order to study the ground-state properties of H we have developed an extended slave-boson method. We have studied the bonding character and the degree of electronic delocalization in Hg_n clusters as a function of cluster size. Results show that, for increasing cluster size, an abrupt change occurs in the bond character from van der Waals to covalent bonding at a critical cluster size n_c ~ 10-20. This change also involves a transition from localized to delocalized valence electrons, as a consequence of the competition between both bonding mechanisms.

Una perspectiva de las teorías de la emoción: hacia un estudio de las implicaciones de las emociones en la vida del hombre

En esta monografía se propone que las emociones son una forma de relación con el mundo que implica apreciaciones y creencias del sujeto que las experimenta. Si bien es cierto que el cuerpo humano puede ser considerado como un producto de la evolución y, en general, todas sus funciones necesitan del sustento de dicho cuerpo, cuando hablamos de las emociones debemos hablar de su conexión con el carácter, la voluntad, las escalas de valores y muchos otros factores que no pueden ser explicados a partir de una base como la determinación física, dado que las emociones son una variable indispensable para la organización social y, más específicamente, para la moral. Las emociones son definidas, consecuentemente, como una serie de juicios, basados en prioridades y escalas de valor, que califican y median nuestra relación con los objetos del mundo.

Redimensionamiento programa académico de campo, promoción de la salud y prevención de la enfermedad con énfasis en salud pública

Objetivo: generar el redimensionamiento del programa académico de campo, promoción de la salud y prevención de la enfermedad con énfasis en salud pública en la Universidad del Rosario, con el fin de considerar los retos actuales de formación de recurso humano y el contexto nacional e internacional. Método: revisión documental. Resultados: los objetos de estudio y enfoques praxiológicos de las ciencias de la salud se han transformado a lo largo de la historia, generando un impacto en la formación de recurso humano. De esta manera, disciplinas como la fisioterapia, cuyo objeto de estudio es el movimiento corporal humano, reconocen la importancia de ampliar su marco disciplinar, considerando conceptos como las capacidades, libertades, oportunidades, participación y, por lo tanto, calidad de vida y desarrollo humano, con la meta de reorientar sus acciones desde enfoques biologicistas y reduccionistas hacia enfoques históricosociales, integrales y complejos, que permitan a los fisioterapeutas en formación desarrollar capacidades, destrezas y competencias para su desempeño en áreas de la salud pública. Conclusiones: desde las ciencias de salud se requiere la transformación en la formación de recurso humano, para afrontar la problemática de la salud pública de una manera global y transectorial, desarrollando competencias ciudadanas, abogacía, participación y responsabilidad social en los estudiantes. Palabras clave: salud pública, fisioterapia, formación de recurso humano.

Tecnología, rendimiento deportivo y transhumanismo

Este ensayo versa sobre el deporte como una de las instituciones más poderosas e influyentes en la sociedad actual. En él la exigencia por el máximo rendimiento aunada a la enorme importancia dada al ganar y al espectáculo es aceptada y celebrada. Estos factores confluyen para que la mejora de las capacidades humanas sea objeto de continua búsqueda y para tal fin el inobjetable papel de la tecnología ha sido admitido sin mayores resistencias. La evolución ya no desempeña de forma exclusiva esa tarea y la tecnología ha pasado a compartir el proceso, acelerando de forma dramática el rediseño de la especie ofreciendo un prometedor escenario. Naturalmente en el mismo deporte es posible encontrar excepciones a este arrollador influjo.

Medidas fractales de radiografías de tórax de pacientes con diferentes patologías

Introducción: La geometría fractal permite la descripción objetiva de objetos irregulares tales como las estructuras del cuerpo humano: Por ello, en este caso, se aplicó al desarrollo de una nueva metodología de caracterización de la cavidad cardiotorácica.Material y métodos: Estudio exploratorio descriptivo en el que se desarrolló una metodología de medición basada en la geometría fractal aplicada a 14 radiografías de tórax de sujetos con diferentes patologías. Se calcularon las dimensiones fractales de la cavidad torácica, la silueta cardíaca y la superposición de estas partes con el método de Box-Counting.Resultados: Se obtuvieron nuevas medidas morfométricas objetivas y reproducibles de placas de tórax a partir de dimensiones fractales.Conclusiones: La geometría fractal permite la caracterización matemática de placas de tórax de pacientes con diferentes patologías. Es posible que el desarrollo de esta metodología en posteriores investigaciones permita generar parámetros útiles de aplicación clínica, independientes de la experiencia del médico y de su observación subjetiva, de modo que garantice la reproducibilidad y objetividad de las medidas.

Neuromuscular dressing effects: a literature review

The kinesio taping is a technique that was created in 1979 by Doctor Kenzo Kase I’m looking through it that could generate a new therapeutic option to control pain, improve athletic performance and reduce the impact of musculoskeletal disorders. From the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games, this technique as a therapeutic alternative PTO and is composed of health professionals in the field of sport and physical rehabilitation. Objetive: This article aims to identify theoretical approaches on the bandage neuromuscular. Material and methods: held today, for which conducted a literature search of databases such as como Proquest, Ovid, Cochraine, PEDro, Journal ofOrthopedic and Sports Physical, Sciencedirect, Pubmed y Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (Lilacs). The paper proposes a scheme of contextualization of the current landscape of the use and effects of kinesio taping in the management of different pathologies of the musculo-skeletal system in sports. Conclusion: it is concluded that currently many health professionals, and take the neuromuscular bandage a good therapeutic option in the management of diseases affecting the human body is investigated and every day more about the subject, which makes these new therapeutic methods to acquire a scientific value and transcends knowledge.

Geometric characterization of red blood cells. Differentiation of normal and pathologic samples

Introduction. Fractal geometry measures the irregularity of abstract and natural objects with the fractal dimension. Fractal calculations have been applied to the structures of the human body and to quantifications in physiology from the theory of dynamic systems.Material and Methods. The fractal dimensions were calculated, the number of occupation spaces in the space border of box counting and the area of two red blood cells groups, 7 normal ones, group A, and 7 abnormal, group B, coming from patient and of bags for transfusion, were calculated using the method of box counting and a software developed for such effect. The obtained measures were compared, looking for differences between normal and abnormal red blood cells, with the purpose of differentiating samples.Results. The abnormality characterizes by a number of squares of occupation of the fractal space greater or equal to 180; values of areas between 25.117 and 33.548 correspond to normality. In case that the evaluation according to the number of pictures is of normality, must be confirmed with the value of the area applied to adjacent red blood cells within the sample, that in case of having values by outside established and/or the greater or equal spaces to 180, they suggest abnormality of the sample.Conclusions. The developed methodology is effective to differentiate the red globules alterations and probably useful in the analysis of bags of transfusion for clinical use 

Desarrollo kinesiológico: la interpretación de un proceso para facilitar el movimiento corporal humano

Este artículo hace una revisión del proceso de producción del movimiento funcional durante el primer año de vida, en un marco kinesiológico, donde se toma el tronco como estabilizador y eje principal en la ejecución motora de las extremidades. La interpretación presentada, facilita el entendimiento de los elementos motores básicos necesarios para construir una actividad más compleja y funcional, lo cual fortalece la habilidad del profesional para observar, evaluar y enfocar su acción en el manejo de personas con discapacidad funcional motora. Esta información es producto de la revisión de la literatura relacionada con el desarrollo normal del movimiento corporal humano y la observación directa del proceso de desarrollo normal y anormal en múltiples niños durante más de 12 años de experiencia profesional. En general, la revisión resalta la interrelación en las actividades de cada segmento corporal con otros y no como elementos aislados, así como la producción de eventos en común desde lo mecánico pero con propósitos diferentes desde lo funcional.

¿Es posible una gestión humana no funcionalista? Descripción de un modelo estratégico de gestión de personal

This paper describes a human management model as conceived in organizations that carry out a strategic direction of staff, based on a critical look of traditional management and some of its notions, such as the classical perspective of strategic addressing and human resources management. The privileged theoretical framework is the epistemological ground of the organizational theory and some of its sociological resources. In addition to the documentary review and the proposal of experts in consulting, a group of graphics made under the basic logicof set theory, designed from the analysis of several Colombian organizations, are presented. The main finding is that despite the efforts of executives, consultants and scholars to build management models different from functionalists, the way they have been thought in order to make them more strategic has made them still more functionalists that in the traditional approach. The strategic human management reproduces, with enormous power, the ideology of the macroeconomic model.

Efectos fisiológicos de la termorregulación en trabajadores expuestos a altas temperaturas en una Siderúrgica en Colombia.

La exposición a altas temperaturas en ambientes laborales conlleva a cambios fisiológicos que se manifiestan como mecanismos de compensación a la alteración del equilibrio homeostático corporal. El propósito del presente estudio fue determinar los cambios y el comportamiento de variables fisiológicas a través de frecuencia cardiaca, densidad urinaria, temperatura corporal y tasa de sudoración, en dos escenarios con condiciones térmicas ambientales diferentes definidas por la exposición (grupo expuesto y no expuesto). Adicional, en dos áreas de trabajo diferentes correspondientes al proceso de fundición del acero, una de ellas, Horno electrico donde se hace la fusión de la chatarra y demás materias primas, obteniendo así el acero liquido, el cual se vuelca en el Horno Cuchara y en este, libre ya de escoria se realiza el afino y ajuste definitivo de la composición química del acero. Objetivos: Identificar la relación de las respuestas fisiológicas a carga física y térmica, comparar las respuestas funcionales registradas en el grupo expuestos y no expuestos y contribuir a la introducción de nuevos indicadores para evaluar carga e intensidad de trabajo con fines de normalización ergonómica. Método: Investigación experimental en una muestra de 30 trabajadores evaluados en dos condiciones ambientales diferentes. La temperatura oral se registró al inicio de la jornada y con intervalos de toma de 3 horas. La frecuencia cardiaca (HR) se registró durante las 8 horas de trabajo continuas con pulsometría. Igualmente, se estimó la sudoración por pérdida de masa corporal entre el inicio y el final de la jornada laboral teniendo en cuenta ingestas y perdidas. El procesamiento estadístico se realizó con el programa SPSS v. 20.0, calculándose medidas de tendencia central y dispersión, prueba de wilconxon para las variables dependientes y correlación para identificar asociaciones. Para todos los cálculos se asumió p <0,05. Resultados: No se observaron diferencias significativas frente a la variación de la frecuencia cardiaca (media y máxima), la tasa de sudoración y la densidad urinaria. A pesar de que no hubo diferencias significativas en la variación de la temperatura corporal en horno cuchara, si se observó una diferencia significativa en el horno eléctrico Conclusión: Aunque no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la mayoría de las variables, es un hecho que la exposición a temperaturas elevadas extremas tiene un impacto en el comportamiento fisiológico del organismo. Futuros estudios deben considerar la posibilidad de estandarizar protocolos que permitan la exposición térmica basada en el perfil particular de cada trabajador.