Transformaciones rítmicas: de binarizaciones y ternarizaciones I

Este artículo es el primero de una serie de tres sobre la cuestión de las transformaciones rítmicas. En ella estudiaremos las transformaciones de ritmos binarios a ternarios y viceversa, fenómenos que reciben los nombres de binarización y ternarización, respectivamente. Como ilustración, examinaremos el proceso de binarización de ritmos ternarios descrito por Rolando Pérez en su libro La binarización de los ritmos ternarios africanos en América Latina [Pér86]. Por supuesto, los aspectos matemáticos y computacionales de las transformaciones rítmicas no faltarán en esta serie. En este primer artículo analizaremos el concepto de transformación rítmica en la música; en el segundo artículo ilustraremos la transformación rítmica a partir de la binarizacion y la ternarización (nos inspiraremos en [Pér86] y [GKK+07]); en el último artículo estudiaremos los aspectos puramente matemáticos, esto es, la transformación rítmica como transformación matemática.

Contribución al conocimiento de los macrohongos en la provincia de Tambopata -Madre de Dios, Perú

El presente trabajo de investigación es una contribución al conocimiento científico de los macrohongos de los Phyllum Ascomycetos y Basidiomycetos en el departamento amazónico Madre de Dios (Perú), investigación desarrollada en la región durante los años 2006 al 2014. Durante estos años se han recorrido las trochas de investigación dentro de las 6 áreas, seleccionadas según su grado de intervención antrópica, recolectando y fotografiando todos los carpóforos que en ellas se encontraban. Así mismo se ha realizado una revisión bibliografía exhaustiva para poder identificar a estas especies de los Phylum Basidiomycetos y Ascomycetos, fotografiando las esporas en los casos que esto fue posible. Las muestras fueron recolectadas en 6 áreas con diferentes grados de intervención humana, para poder determinar si se encontraba diferencia significativa en la composición de especies de Macrohongos entre ellas. Así mismo se consideró el tipo de bosque donde se encontraba la muestra y el sustrato donde se desarrollaba. Las muestras fueron buscadas y recolectadas en las dos épocas del año (seca y lluviosa), para saber si este factor climatológico era determinante y afectaba el número de carpóforos encontrados. Se han identificado completamente 70 especies pertenecientes a 25 familias, siendo la familia Xylariaceae la más representativa para el Phyllum Ascomycetos y la familia Polyporaceae para el caso del Phyllum basidiomycetos, resultando cinco especies nuevos registros para el Perú. De las especies identificadas 23 son de interés comestible, 13 son de interés medicinal, 2 de interés mágico religioso, 2 tóxicas, 2 micorrizógenas y de 30 especies no se conocen sus usos para la ciencia. Así mismo se identificó a 6 especies promisorias (géneros Auricularia sp. y Pleurotus sp.) para el cultivo con fines alimentarios de autoconsumo y la posible comercialización a pequeña y gran escala, puesto que estas especies promisorias transforman los residuos lignocelulosicos en alimento. Se ha confeccionado una guía de campo para la identificación de los macrohongos, sus usos y recomendaciones para su consumo, con lo cual queda abierta otra puerta de nuestra biodiversidad al interés científico, gastronómico y turístico. ABSTRACT This investigation is a contribution to the scientific knowledge of the Phyllum Ascomycetos and Basidiomycetos mushrooms in the Amazonian department Madre de Dios (Peru). The study was carried out from 2006 till 2014, during which forest study paths were crossed in six areas were all types of found carpophores were collected and photographed. In order to identify the Phylum Basidiomycetos and Ascomycetos species, an intensive biographical review was carried out and photographs were taken from the spores in case it was possible to assist the identification. Samples were collected in six areas with different human intervention and forest types so that any significant difference in the species´ composition could be analyzed between these different zones and between the species specific area. The samples were searched and collected during two different seasons (dry and rainy season) to analyze if this climatologically factor affects the number of found species. In total 70 species were completely identified, belonging to 25 families. The most representative families were the Xylariaceae for the Phyllum Ascomycetos and the Polyporaceae in the case of the Phyllum Basidiomycetos. Of all the identified species, 23 are considered edible, thirteen are identified as medicinal, and two are known for psychedelic and religious practices, two are toxic, two are mycorrhizal species and of 30 species the use is unknown to science. Five species are newly registered for Peru, Moreover, six species of the Auricularia sp. and Pleurotus sp. gender were identified as promising species for cultivation to serve auto consumption and possibly small and large scale commercialization. These species transform lignocelular waste in food. Part of this study was the development of a field guide to identify mushrooms and which can be used to open doors to our biodiversity for multiple interests such as scientific, gastronomy, and tourism.

COMUNICAÇÃO INSTITUCIONAL E UNIVERSIDADE: diretrizes para a divulgação científica no estado de Mato Grosso

O estudo visa identificar as iniciativas de Divulgação Científica empreendidas pela Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT) e Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (Unemat), com vistas à atualização e ao aperfeiçoamento da comunicação institucional, maior interação com interlocutores e fortalecimento da imagem do estado como produtor de CT&I. Foram empreendidas pesquisas bibliográficas e documentais, áreas prioritárias de fomento e difusão científica; entrevistas; auditoria de imagem na mídia estadual; diagnóstico dos principais produtos de jornalismo científico desenvolvidos pela UFMT e Unemat, assim como iniciativas conjuntas (revista Fapemat Ciência e Rede de Divulgação Científica). O método investigativo adotado pode ser caracterizado como Pesquisa Participante, concebido em estreita associação com resolução de problemas, tomada de consciência ou produção de novos conhecimentos (THIOLLENT, 1996, 1997). Tal estratégia agrega distintas técnicas de pesquisa social, definidas em função de cada fase do processo de investigação. A partir da análise dos conteúdos científicos publicados nos jornais estaduais, foi possível verificar que essas IES públicas ainda não ocupam lugar relevante em tais veículos, o que pode ser justificado pela inadequação de linguagem ou canais de relacionamento, assim como, pela necessidade de uma política de divulgação mais eficiente. O mapeamento dos portais e canais de mídias sociais institucionais evidenciou que a utilização desses veículos ainda pode ser mais bem dinamizada. Por fim, as conclusões apontam que diferenças culturais e institucionais entre as duas IES inviabilizam a adoção de uma Política de Comunicação Científica integrada, comum entre UFMT e Unemat. O que pode ser considerado, é o desenvolvimento de ações para a dinamização de divulgação dessas instituições, no âmbito do Sistema Estadual de CT&I.

Propriedades mecânicas e térmicas de nanocompósito híbrido de polipropileno com adição de argila e celulose proveniente de papel descartado.

Este trabalho aborda o estudo do comportamento mecânico e térmico do nanocompósito híbrido de polipropileno com uma argila brasileira bentonítica do Estado da Paraíba (PB), conhecida como \"chocolate\" com concentração de 1, 2 e 5 % em massa com a adição de 1 e 2 % em massa de celulose proveniente de papel descartado. Foi utilizado nesse nanocompósito o agente compatibilizante polipropileno graftizado com anidrido maleico PP-g-AM com 3 % de concentração em massa, através da técnica de intercalação do fundido utilizando uma extrusora de dupla-rosca e, em seguida, os corpos de prova foram confeccionados em uma injetora. O comportamento mecânico foi avaliado pelos ensaios de tração, flexão e impacto. O comportamento térmico foi avaliado pelas técnicas de calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC) e termogravimetria (TGA). A morfologia dos nanocompósitos foi estudada pela técnica de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). A argila, a celulose e os nanocompósitos híbridos foram caracterizados por difração de raios X (DRX), fluorescência de raios X (FRX) e espectroscopia no infravermelho (FTIR). Nos ensaios mecânicos de tração houve um aumento de 11 % na tensão máxima em tração e 15 % no módulo de Young, para o nanocompósito com argila, PPA 5 %. No ensaio de impacto Izod, o nanocompósito com argila, PPA 2 % obteve um aumento de 63 % na resistência ao impacto. Para o nanocompósito híbrido PPAC 1 % houve aumento de 8 % na tensão máxima em tração e para o nanocompósito híbrido PPAC 2 % houve aumento de 14 % na resistência ao impacto.

Open business intelligence: on the importance of data quality awareness in user-friendly data mining

Citizens demand more and more data for making decisions in their daily life. Therefore, mechanisms that allow citizens to understand and analyze linked open data (LOD) in a user-friendly manner are highly required. To this aim, the concept of Open Business Intelligence (OpenBI) is introduced in this position paper. OpenBI facilitates non-expert users to (i) analyze and visualize LOD, thus generating actionable information by means of reporting, OLAP analysis, dashboards or data mining; and to (ii) share the new acquired information as LOD to be reused by anyone. One of the most challenging issues of OpenBI is related to data mining, since non-experts (as citizens) need guidance during preprocessing and application of mining algorithms due to the complexity of the mining process and the low quality of the data sources. This is even worst when dealing with LOD, not only because of the different kind of links among data, but also because of its high dimensionality. As a consequence, in this position paper we advocate that data mining for OpenBI requires data quality-aware mechanisms for guiding non-expert users in obtaining and sharing the most reliable knowledge from the available LOD.

Overcoming performance and convergence issues of discrete transform based modeling of crosslinking classical and reversible deactivated radical polymerizations

Population balances of polymer species in terms 'of discrete transforms with respect to counts of groups lead to tractable first order partial differential equations when ali rate constants are independent of chain length and loop formation is negligible [l]. Average molecular weights in the absence ofgelation are long known to be readily found through integration of an initial value problem. The extension to size distribution prediction is also feasible, but its performance is often lower to the one provided by methods based upon real chain length domain [2]. Moreover, the absence ofagood starting procedure and a higher numerical sensitivity hás decisively impaired its application to non-linear reversibly deactivated polymerizations, namely NMRP [3].

Grafting of functional brushes on the surface of 5-Fluorouracil molecularly imprinted polymer particles through RAFT polymerization

The grafting of functional brushes on the surface of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP). particles hás been explored in the last few years to synthesize materiais combining high molecular recognition capabilities and stimulation triggered by changes in the surrounding environment [1, 2]. In the present work, MIP particles for 5-fluorouracil (a drug used in câncer treatment) were produced by precipitation polymerization in acetonitrile, using either MAA or HEMA as imprinting fünctional monomers, and m the presence of different kinds of RAFT agents. In a second step, taking advantage of the RAFT groups present in the surface of the particles, different kinds of fiinctional polymer brushes were grafted on the MIPs considering a "grafting from" process in the presence of a RAFT agent.

Total organic carbon, delta13C, biomarker, gas compilations and hopanoids analysis from IODP Sites 307-U1317 and 307-U1318

During the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 307 for the first time a cold-water coral carbonate mound was drilled down through its base into the underlying sediments. In the current study, sample material from within and below Challenger Mound, located in the Belgica carbonate mound province in the Porcupine Basin offshore Ireland, was investigated for its distribution of microbial communities and gas composition using biogeochemical and geochemical approaches to elucidate the question on the initiation of carbonate mounds. Past and living microbial populations are lower in the mound section compared to the underlying sediments or sediments of an upslope reference site. A reason for this might be a reduced substrate feedstock, reflected by low total organic carbon (TOC) contents, in the once coral dominated mound sequence. In contrast, in the reference site a lithostratigraphic sequence with comparatively high TOC contents shows higher abundances of both past and present microbial communities, indicating favourable living conditions from time of sedimentation until today. Composition and isotopic values of gases below the mound base seem to point to a mixed gas of biogenic and thermogenic origin with a higher proportion of biogenic gas. Oil-derived hydrocarbons were not detected at the mound site. This suggests that at least in the investigated part of the mound base the upward flow of fossil hydrocarbons, being one hypothesis for the initiation of the formation of carbonate mounds, seems to be only of minor significance.

Hojas de ortiga.

Poems.

Entre la revolución y la resignificación, algunas ideas para superar el patriarcado

Fil: Casale, Rolando Héctor. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Judith Butler : Las identidades del sujeto opaco

Tabla de contenidos: Performances textuales en la obra temparana de Judith Butler / Magdalena Se Santo. Judith Butler hace de Georg Hegel un filósofo intempestivo. Performatividad y pérdida de sí en la Phänomenologie des geistes / Pamela Abellon. Butler lectora de Sartre : Las críticas al sujeto de deseo sartreano [desplazamientos y filiaciones] / Luisina Bolla. Butler : Narrarse desde la opacidad. Ecos de la moral existencialista beauvoiriana / Mariana Smaldone. Lineamientos en torno a la crítica : Butler y Anderson / Rolando Casale. Posfundacionalismo y contingencia : Butler y el problema del sujeto / María Luisa Femenías. La confluencia entre el discurso y la acción como lugar de la política / Graciela Bosch. Una huida de lo real. Vuelcos y rupturas de las referencias psicoanalíticas en el pensamiento de Judith Butler / Ariel Martínez. Judith Butler y la tradición judía : Elementos teóricos para repensar el Estado-Nación / Magdalena Marisa Napoli. Del deseo de reconocimiento al deseo de producción. Efectivizar el aprendizaje es generar posibilidades de abrir el deseo / Francisco Casado. Dar cuenta de sí misma o la pregunta por una ética feminista / Mabel Alicia Campagnoli. La narración de sí mismo. Análisis crítico de un discurso de David Cameron / Carla Luján Di Biase.

La subversión de género : Algunas notas sobre la acción en Judith Butler

Fil: Casale, Rolando Héctor. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

'Animal electricity' in the long eighteenth century with special reference to the Edinburgh medical school

Coleridge, looking back at the end of the ‘long eighteenth century’, remarked that the whole of natural philosophy had been ‘electrified’ by advances in the understanding of electrical phenomena. In this paper I trace the way in which these advances affected contemporary ‘neurophysiology.’ At the beginning of the long eighteenth century, neurophysiology (in spite of Swammerdam’s and Glisson’s demonstrations to the contrary) was still understood largely in terms of hollow nerves and animal spirits. At the end of that period the researches of microscopists and electricians had convinced most medical men that the old understanding had to be replaced. Walsh, Patterson, John Hunter and others had described the electric organs of electric fish. Gray and Nollet had demonstrated that electricity was not merely static, but flowed. Franklin had alerted the world to atmospheric electricity. Galvani’s frog experiments were widely known. Volta had invented his ‘pile.’ But did ‘animal electricity’ exist and was it identical to the electricity physicists studied in the inanimate world? Was the brain a gland, as Malpighi’s researches seemed to confirm., and did it secrete electricity into the nervous system? The Monros (primus and secundus), William Cullen, Luigi Galvani, Alessandro Volta, Erasmus Darwin, Luigi Rolando and François Baillarger all had their own ideas. This paper reviews these ‘long-eighteenth century’ controversies with special reference to the Edinburgh medical school and the interaction between neurophysiology and physics.

Special issue on intelligent wireless sensor networks and applications

Editorial