Total synthesis and absolute stereochemistry of plakortone D

The first total synthesis of plakortone D is described and thereby establishes the structure and absolute stereochemistry of the most biologically active member of the marine-derived plakortone family. The sterically congested bicyclic lactone core results from a Pd(II)-induced hydroxycyclization−carbonylation−lactonization sequence on an enediol whose chirality was installed by AD-technology. Attachment of the side chain, also constructed using AD-methodology, was achieved by using a modified Julia coupling. The described approach enables acquisition of other plakortones and analogues, in the correct (natural) stereochemical series.

Urine D-arabinitol/L-arabinitol ratio in diagnosing Candida infection in patients with haematological malignancy and HIV infection

Adult patients with hematologic malignancies along with HIV infected patients were prospectively studied to determine the performance of urine D-arabinitol/L-arabinitol (DA/LA) ratio in diagnosing invasive candidiasis. Ten evaluable febrile neutropenic patients had proven invasive candidiasis and elevated DA/LA ratios were found in 5. Invasive candidiasis with normal DA/LA ratios was most frequently due to Candida krusei infection. This Candida species is a non-producer of arabinitol. Only 4 of 81 febrile neutropenic patients given either antifungal prophylaxis or empiric antifungal treatment had elevated DA/LA ratios. Only 1 of 15 HIV positive patients with either oropharyngeal or esophageal candidiasis had elevated DA/LA ratios. Widespread use of fluconazole prophylaxis in bone marrow transplantation patients at the study hospital has led to an increased prevalence of C. krusei infection. This is the likely reason for the low sensitivity of the test in proven and suspected invasive Candida infections reported here. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

Le Totémisme hier : obsessions naïves d'un débat anthropologique

Les Carnets de Bérose. (1913. La Recomposition de la science de l'Homme,sous la direction de Christine Laurière).

DISTINGUISHING Campa guianensis Aubl. FROM Campa procera D.C. (MELIACEAE) BY MORPHOLOGY OF YOUNG SEEDLINGS

Seedling morphology was studied in Campa guianensisAubl. and Carapa proceraD. C. from germination to 90 days age. In both species germination is hypogeal and cryptocotylar. Both have rare albino seedlings. Though both species have compound leaves when adult, C, proceraputs out an average total of six simple leaves at germination, while leaves of C. guianensisare compound at all stages. This is the best diagnostic character for separation of the two species at the young seedling stage. Not diagnostic, but none the less useful, is the fact, that polyembryonic seeds are often found in C. procera,but not observed in C guianensis.

Plants of the coast of Coromandel :selected from drawings and descriptions presented to the hon. court of directors of the East India Company /by William Roxburgh.

v.1

Plants of the coast of Coromandel :selected from drawings and descriptions presented to the hon. court of directors of the East India Company /by William Roxburgh.

v.2

Plants of the coast of Coromandel :selected from drawings and descriptions presented to the hon. court of directors of the East India Company /by William Roxburgh.

v.3

History of the inductive sciences : from the earliest to the present time / by William Whewell.

v. 2

History of the inductive sciences : from the earliest to the present time / by William Whewell.

v.1

Flora costaricensis / William Burger, editor.

n.s. no.41(2000)

Tropilaelaps, a new genus of mite from the Philipppines (Laelaptidae (s. lat.): Acarina) [by] Mercedes D. Delfinado and Edward W. Baker.

v.44:no.7(1961)