Análise microscópica do efeito da radioterapia fracionada por cobalto-60 em mandíbula de rato

OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito imediato e tardio da teleterapia fracionada por cobalto-60 sobre o percentual médio de osteoplastos em mandíbula de ratos. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Os animais (n = 45) foram divididos em três grupos: grupo 1 (n = 15) - submetidos a teleterapia fracionada e sacrificados terminada a última dose de irradiação; grupo 2 - idêntico ao grupo 1, porém mortos 30 dias após a conclusão da teleterapia; grupo 3 (n = 15) - não-irradiado, servindo como grupo-controle. O protocolo radioterápico consistiu de 30 sessões de teleterapia, fracionadas em doses de 2 Gy/dia, totalizando 60 Gy. Após a perfusão dos animais com paraformaldeído a 4%, a hemimandíbula esquerda foi processada histologicamente. Secções seriadas (5 µm) foram coradas com hematoxilina-eosina. Selecionaram-se duas áreas próximas às raízes dos primeiros e segundos molares. O percentual médio de osteoplastos foi calculado nessa região, em duplicata, valendo-se do programa Image Tool. RESULTADOS: A análise de variância, complementada pelo teste de comparações múltiplas de Tukey, evidenciou que os grupos irradiados 1 e 2 não diferiram entre si, apresentando maiores percentuais de osteoplastos (p = 0,005) quando comparados com o grupo-controle. CONCLUSÃO: Concluiu-se que a teleterapia fracionada por cobalto-60, na dose estabelecida, provoca um aumento do número de osteoplastos em tecido ósseo mandibular de ratos.

The mediterranean diet pattern and its main components are associated with lower plasma concentrations of tumor necrosis factor receptor 60 in patients at high risk for cardiovascular disease

Adherence to aMediterranean diet (MD) is associated with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease. However, themolecular mechanisms involved are not fully understood. The aim of this studywas to compare the effects of 2MD with those of a lowfat- diet (LFD) on circulating inflammatory biomarkers related to atherogenesis. A total of 516 participants included in the PreventionwithMediterraneanDiet Studywere randomized into 3 intervention groups [MD supplementedwith virgin olive oil (MD-VOO); MD supplemented with mixed nuts (MD-Nuts); and LFD]. At baseline and after 1 y, participants completed FFQ and adherence to MD questionnaires, and plasma concentrations of inflammatory markers including intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1), IL-6, and 2 TNF receptors (TNFR60 and TNFR80) were measured by ELISA. At 1 y, the MD groups had lower plasma concentrations of IL-6, TNFR60, and TNFR80 (P , 0.05), whereas ICAM-1, TNFR60, and TNFR80 concentrations increased in the LFD group (P , 0.002). Due to between-group differences, participants in the 2 MD groups had lower plasma concentrations of ICAM-1, IL-6, TNFR60, and TNFR80 compared to those in the LFD group (P # 0.028). When participants were categorized in tertiles of 1-y changes in the consumption of selected foods, those in the highest tertile of virgin olive oil (VOO) and vegetable consumption had a lower plasma TNFR60 concentration compared with those in tertile 1 (P,0.02).Moreover, the only changes in consumption thatwere associated with 1-y changes in the geometricmean TNFR60 concentrations were those of VOO and vegetables (P = 0.01). This study suggests that a MD reduces TNFR concentrations in patients at high cardiovascular risk.

Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in patients over the age of 60 years

The prevalence of obesity is increasing even in older patients. Bariatric surgery is often considered more risky in this group, and not necessarily associated with the same benefits as in younger patients. In France, guidelines recommend to assess indication for surgery based on comorbidities and physiological age.

Enhancement of viability of radiosensitive (PBMC) and resistant (MDA-MB-231) clones in low-dose-rate cobalt-60 radiation therapy

AbstractObjective:In the present study, the authors investigated the in vitrobehavior of radio-resistant breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231) cells line and radiosensitive peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), as a function of different radiation doses, dose rates and postirradiation time kinetics, with a view to the interest of clinical radiotherapy.Materials and Methods:The cells were irradiated with Co-60, at 2 and 10 Gy and two different exposure rates, 339.56 cGy.min–1 and the other corresponding to one fourth of the standard dose rates, present over a 10-year period of cobalt therapy. Post-irradiation sampling was performed at pre-established kinetics of 24, 48 and 72 hours. The optical density response in viability assay was evaluated and a morphological analysis was performed.Results:Radiosensitive PBMC showed decrease in viability at 2 Gy, and a more significant decrease at 10 Gy for both dose rates. MDAMB- 231 cells presented viability decrease only at higher dose and dose rate. The results showed MDA-MB-231 clone expansion at low dose rate after 48–72 hours post-radiation.Conclusion:Low dose rate shows a possible potential clinical impact involving decrease in management of radio-resistant and radiosensitive tumor cell lines in cobalt therapy for breast cancer.

La Relación del lenguaje con la teoría de la mente en edad escolar

In the past years a considerable amount of research has been carried out on the development of theory of mind (ToM) reporting that language and ToM performance are correlated. However it is less clear what aspect of language is related with ToM development. Some studies show a greater influence of semantics aspects, whereas others suggest that sentential complement sentences, a specific aspect of syntax, are crucial for false belief understanding (FB). Yet others argue that pragmatic abilities correlate with FB understanding. The aim of this study is investigate, on the one side, the development of ToM between the ages of 6 and 8 and on the other side, the relationship between some aspects of language and the ToM improvement. Several ToM tasks were administrated to evaluate children’s performance at two different ages (60 participants aged 6 and 8 years) and four tasks to assess language abilities. The results show a significant increase in the understanding of the mind between the ages of 6 and 8. Furthermore, results reveal a significant relationship between syntax and tasks that require FB understanding, while pragmatics is more strongly associated with tasks that involve more complex socio-cognitive understandings

Determinações multi-elementares de metais, Sulfato e Cloreto em amostras de águas por espectrometria de massas com fonte de plasma (ICP-MS)

The multi-element determination of Al, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Ba, Pb, SO4= and Cl- in riverine water samples was accomplished by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The sample passed through a column containing the anionic resin AG1-X8 and the metals were determined directly. The retained anionic species were eluted and SO4= and Cl- were determined at m/z 48 and 35 correspondent to the ions SO+ and Cl+ formed at the plasma. Accuracy for metals was assessed by analysing the certified reference TM-26 (National Water Research Institute of Canada). Results for SO4= and Cl- were in agreement with those obtained by turbidimetry and spectrophotometry. LOD's of 0.1 µg l-1 for Cd, Ba and Pb; 0.2 µg l-1 for Al, Mn and Cu; 0.5 µg l-1 for Cr; 0.9 for Zn; 2.0 µg l-1for Ni , 60 µg l-1 for S and 200 µg l-1 Cl were attained.

Méthode Eleméntaire de Violoncelle Oeuvre 60

Sellonsoitto-oppaan op. 60 ranskankielinen versio.

En färd i språket. Festskrift till Marketta Sundman på 60-årsdagen den 12 mars 2009

Marketta Sundman är en uppskattad forskare och en ansedd akademisk lärare. Till hennes forskningsintressen hör framför allt nusvenskansgrammatiska struktur, tvåspråkighet och inlärning av svenska som främmande språk. Det grammatiska studiet av svenskan representeras i hennes vetenskapliga produktion först och främst av den gedigna doktorsavhandlingen Subjektsval och diates i svenskan (1987). Problem kring tvåspråkighet har hon behandlat ingående t.ex. i monografierna Tvåspråkigheten i skolan: en undersökning av språkfärdigheten hos en- och tvåspråkiga grundskoleelever i Finland (1994) och Barnet, skolan och tvåspråkigheten (1998). Under de senaste åren har hon intresserat sig för inlärning av svenska som främmande språk och för närvarande leder hon ett av Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland finansierat forskningsprojekt med titeln På väg mot kommunikativ kompetens: Tillägnandet av svenskans struktur hos finska inlärare Marketta Sundmans vetenskapliga verksamhet har uppmärksammats även i Sverige; år 2008 tilldelades hon av Svenska Akademien ett pris som årligen tillerkänns en person som ”genom sin verksamhet har gjort särskilt viktiga insatser för svenska språket.” Artiklarna i denna festskrift är skrivna av personer som har anknytning till olika tidsperioder under Markettas akademiska bana – hennes ”färd i språket”. En del av dem kan karakteriseras som akademiska mentorer, en del som kolleger – tidigare eller nuvarande – och en del som adepter till henne. Detta har också varit vårt mål; vi ville bjuda in både namnkunniga nordister och unga forskare från jubilarens närmaste bekantskapskrets. Vi riktar ett stort tack till artikelförfattarna som trots den kärva tidtabellen ville ställa upp! Festskriften publiceras endast i elektroniskt format. Vid Åbo universitet är den därmed den första av sitt slag. Vår förhoppning är att artiklarna tack vare det nya mediet kommer att få stor spridning och vara lättillgängliga för alla intresserade.