Gestão da educação básica: desafios, possibilidades e limites

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Relatório de estágio do mestrado em ensino da educação física: Escola Básica dos 2º e 3º Ciclos de São Roque

O estágio pedagógico, teve como pano de fundo as linhas orientadoras do estágio, o qual foi exercido na Escola Básica dos 2º e 3º Ciclos de São Roque, nomeadamente, no 3º Ciclo no 9º ano de escolaridade. Este permitiu vivenciar e exercer um papel de professor, facultando conhecimentos e dificuldades associados ao primeiro contacto com a profissão de docente. As escolhas e decisões utilizadas ao longo do estágio, quer na prática lectiva, quer nas actividades desenvolvidas, foram fruto de um levantamento efectuado, de forma a dar resposta aos interesses identificados, designadamente, no âmbito das matérias alternativas, na rentabilização dos espaços e materiais que a escola proporciona e com vista a cumprir com o Projecto Curricular de Escola e com o Projecto Educativo. Com este relatório, procuramos entender o sentido de uma pedagogia da Educação Física, de uma unidade de ensino, bem como as suas matérias, o processo da avaliação adoptado, as estratégias aplicadas, os diversos tipos de recursos utilizados, como também todo o planeamento efectuado previamente, de forma a conduzir toda a nossa intervenção. Proporcionamos uma educação, como um processo que aponta garantir o desenvolvimento do indivíduo, nas suas competências e potencialidades, no âmbito da disciplina de Educação Física. Na análise que realizamos, averiguamos que grande parte das escolhas e decisões foram cumpridas pelos alunos e por nós, enquanto professoras estagiárias e daí surgiu a necessidade de descrever e de relatar todos os passos dados no estágio. Assim, possibilitamos aos alunos, um sentido de autonomia, de responsabilidade, de cooperação, de compreensão dos conteúdos e de certa forma, concedendo-lhes um papel de co-gestores, no sentido dos próprios gerirem os seus conhecimentos e competências. Assim, apresentamos uma realidade que está inserida num contexto particular, no qual adoptamos uma actuação coerente e integrada no processo pedagógico, no âmbito da docência da disciplina de Educação Física, que poderia ser diferente numa outra realidade escolar.

Relatório de estágio do mestrado em ensino de educação física nos ensinos Básico e Secundário: Escola Básica dos 2ºs e 3ºs Ciclos de São Roque

O estágio pedagógico (EP) surge como um espaço de aprendizagem fundamental na formação e desenvolvimento do professor. É igualmente, um momento de cumplicidade e partilha pedagógica. O objectivo do presente relatório foi: relatar e reflectir sobre as actividades desenvolvidas no âmbito do EP desenvolvido na Escola Básica dos 2º e 3º ciclos de São Roque. O núcleo de estágio composto por 4 estagiários, foi dirigido por 3 orientadores e cobriu 4 áreas de intervenção: (1) prática lectiva, (2) actividades de integração no meio, (3) actividade intervenção da comunidade educativa, e (4) actividades de natureza cientifico-pedagógica. A prática lectiva é uma das componentes mais importantes do EP. A planificação, realização e avaliação da intervenção, assim como a promoção de debates a partir das assistências às aulas, tornam esta componente fundamental na melhoria do ensino. A intervenção do professor na escola, vai muito mais além da prática lectiva. As actividades de integração no meio, a caracterização da turma e o estudo de caso, são um bom exemplo. Com o objectivo de envolver as turmas, a comunidade escolar e os encarregados de educação das respectivas, desenvolvemos ainda as actividades de extensão curricular “O Galeão Abre Portas à Saúde” e de intervenção na comunidade escolar “O Galeão em Acção”. Uma vez que o professor também é um investigador activo, que partilha as suas preocupações e conhecimentos, foram desenvolvidas as actividades cientifico-pedagógicas. A acção individual tratou da “Ginástica Aeróbica: uma nova disciplina gímnica” com o objectivo de fomentar a prática desta modalidade na escola. A acção colectiva explanou a problemática do excesso de peso e obesidade. O EP é um processo de extrema importância ao nível da nossa formação, pois é orientado em contexto escolar e proporciona uma aprendizagem do que é ser professor.

Relatório de estágio realizado no Infantário “O Carrocel” e na Escola Básica do 1º Ciclo com Pré-Escolar do Galeão

No âmbito da Unidade Curricular de Estágio e Relatório, inserida no segundo ano do Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, realizaram-se dois estágios na valência de Pré-Escolar e do1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. O presente relatório pretende apresentá-los e relatar a intervenção pedagógica nas duas instituições, tanto com as crianças bem como com a comunidade. Através das planificações e das reflexões é possível observar as estratégias utilizadas e os resultados obtidos, quer na valência de Pré-Escolar, quer no 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico.

A organização da demanda em serviços públicos de saúde bucal: universalidade, eqüidade e integralidade em saúde bucal coletiva

RONCALLI, Angelo Giuseppe. A organização da demanda em serviços públicos de saúde bucal: universalidade, eqüidade e integralidade em Saúde Bucal Coletiva. raçatuba, 2000. 238p. Tese (Doutorado em Odontologia Preventiva e Social). Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”

Avaliação das capacitações de Hanseníase: enfermeiros opinião de médicos e enfermeiros das equipes de saúde da família

MORENO,Cléa Maria da Costa,ENDERS,Bertha Cruz, SIMPSON, Clélia Albino. Avaliação das capacitações de Hanseníase: enfermeiros opinião de médicos e enfermeiros das equipes de saúde da família. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, Brasília, v.61,n.esp.p. 671-5.2008.

Saúde bucal no programa de saude da família: o caso do distrito sanitário norte em Natal - RN

The inclusion of the dentist in the Family Health Program (FHP) teams designates a reorganization of the mouth health care in your country and establishes a new scenario in Brazilian odontology, through of a new way to organize the basic health care, creating conditions to consolidate in mouth health practice actions, in the level of the basic attention, the validation of Unique Health System (UHS) constitutional principles. The purpose of this research is to verify if the actuation of mouth health teams (MHT) dentists, in Natal city north sanitary district, is tuned with FHP goals.The target research population was composed by all dentists working in Basic Health Units (BHU) of Natal north sanitary district. Fifth-eight questionnaires were applied and using open and closed questions we look for identify the functional characteristics of each BHU, the dentists professional attributions on each BHU, as well as the clinical procedures that they execute. This research also searched to identify the factors that facilitate and/or difficult the inclusion process and the dentists activities performance on these BHUs, as well as the necessary actions to north sanitary district MHTs to fulfill the objectives proposed by FHP. The results point that the inclusion of mouth health actions in north sanitary district FHPs brought the incorporation of new values to the used practices. Whoever, its necessary a more frequent evaluation of the carried actions, in a way they can be adapted to the real community necessities, and, is fundamental the data accompaniment, for that these serve of base for planning and redirecting activities, in a way that we do not have only a reproduction of traditional practices, fragmented and isolated, but a truly substitution of the traditional practices and a new way of promoting health

A experiência da pré-eclâmpsia vivenciada por gestantes e profissionais de saúde

The aim of this study is to understand the perceptions of pregnant women, mothers and health professional about preeclampsia and the relation between professional and patient. A qualitative approach was chosen, together with semi-structured interviews, participative observation and Test of Free Association of Words (TFAW). The data were collected in February and June 2007 at Maternidade-Escola Januário Cicco (MEJC), Natal, RN, Brazil with 61 pregnant women and 87 professionals, 20 of each group were interviewed. An interpretative and understanding perspective was used similar to that of Gadamer s hermeneutics and with the construction of themes and empirical categories. The pregnant women showed fear preeclampsia and its consequences, and to know very little about the subject and also a desire to know more. The changes that occurred with the illness were more related to the emotional order than to the healthy lifestyle they have adopted. Some lack of preparation of the basic units was observed, in order to meet and guide the pregnant women to the reference unit. Professionals knew the customers characteristics, about their fear and about their little knowledge on this illness. Nevertheless, they did not include them in the treatment. It was observed the absence of conversation over the illness between professionals and patients and also the inability of the former to deal with emotional issues. A new way of looking into the preeclampsia assistance is necessary. A way that focuses on the collective construction of intervention and approach strategies; one which includes subjective aspects in an hermeneutic perspective of health

Financiamento e gasto público em saúde: o caso do Rio Grande do Norte

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Iniqüidade em saúde: uma extensão das desigualdades sociais no sistema público de saúde do Brasil (2003-2006)

This issue analises the unevenness in the brazilian system of public health care as an extension of socials inequities. It is a theoretical study based in a historical method, using empirical camp from academic, corporation and institution researchs, along the period 2002-2006. Equality and effectiveness in health systems are analitical basic cathegories grap in the root of the doctrine, principles and organization of the Unique Health System, in which sectorial actions are inserted. Discuss the estructural prodution and determined those inequalities through some social determiners of health system: income, land, food securitiy, nutritional situation, basic sanitation, epidemiological inequities and public management policy. Carry out a thematic review over health social production, it formlation and the goals of social policies, as well as the insertion of the equality principle in the assistance system, in the frame of the running public health regulations. It uses reflections that enlighted the correlation between the process of political-institutional actions and equity on health assistance. Analized the pertinency of sectorial reorganizational strategies on basic attendance, confronting the hipothesis that those strategies reinforce social inequities in health system, because it organize diferential assistance levels over not equal baselines. The results show up that social inequalities, even remaining, have had a small decrease; that the selectiviness of actual public policies and the duplication of the health system, increases the differences within and between the social classes and configures the assistance as inequal. The basic care system has great shortages that also appeares in middle and complex assistance levels. As conclusion, it remarks that the health assintance system, even with it integrality has limits; structural problems on material conditions of living and health system could not be reversed only with institutional legal arragements; by the contrary, in border conditions, these strategies produce policies that reinforce inequities, neglecting the equity principle of the system in which frame, they work. One patina of this tim

Sentimentos de profissionais de enfermagem diante da morte de recém-nascidos em uma unidade de terapia intensiva

To understand the feelings of nursing professionals when faced with the death of newborn babies in an intensive care unit is the purpose of this investigation. Motivation was triggered by the countless hardships we go through everyday, as professionals, and the scarcity of publications in this specific area of knowledge. The aim is to describe the experience of the nursing professionals and identify their feelings when faced with the death of newborn babies in an intensive care unit. As a methodological procedure, this research is based on a qualitative, phenomenology-focused approach and on the following leading question addressed to the interviewed nurses and nursing technicians who work at the unit: How do you feel when you are faced with the death of a newborn baby in the ICU at which you work? Answers to this question on such phenomenon revealed a diversity of feelings, such as, loss, guilt, failure, negation, compassion, and sorrow, coupled with anguish, fear, and anxiety, resulting in an experience of the sensitive world of everyone. Theoretical support to this analysis was based on works by authors who discuss phenomenology, as well as authors who study the theme of death. An understanding of the phenomenon thus studied enables us to affirm that the death of a newborn baby is, for the nursing professional who takes care of the baby in the space of the ICU, an experience of conflicting, sometimes painful feelings, on account of their complexity. This is true not only in respect of their feelings for the baby, but for the family as well, especially the parents

Vivências de familiares do paciente internado em unidade de terapia intensiva: estudo fenomenológico

This study originated from my concerns as critical care nurse, regarding the lived experience of the family member of the patient that is hospitalized in the intensive care unit - ICU. The purpose of the study was to comprehend the experience of the family members while having a loved one interned in an ICU, and to identify the common elements of the phenomenon, based on the descriptions of their experiences. Considering that the object of study involves subjective and social questions, the study was conducted using some fundamental ideas of descriptive phenomenology as a referential and the situated phenomenon as suggested by Martins and Bicudo (1989). Ten (10) family members of patients that were interned in the ICU of private hospital in Natal, RN were interviewed using the following leading question: What is it like to have a member of your family interned in the ICU? Five thematic structural categories emerged from the comprehensive analysis of the interviews: Fear of the family member s death; Lack of humanization; Social isolation; Confidence in the ICU; and Overload to the personal life. The description of the phenomenon enabled a new look at how the care team relates to the family members of the patients interned in the ICU, providing some guidance on how to construct a humanized care that involves the family and that is based on affective human relations. This involves a rethinking of the care provided by team to the family and stimulates the reformulation of personal and social attitudes, and of hospital organizational norms

Dificuldades e/ou facilidades vivenciadas pelos profissionais que compõem a Estratégia de Saúde da Família

Descriptive and quantitative study, with the objective of review the positive and negative aspects experienced by professionals working in the Family Health Strategy (ESF) of Ceará-Mirim town, at Rio Grande do Norte state. The population included 190 healthcare professionals that integrate the family healthcare staff and the data-collection occurred in a meeting at their workplace, with the implementation of a questionnaire. Results were organized in Microsoft Excel spreadsheet software, with descriptive statistical analysis in tables, graphs and tables through frequencies, averages values and standard deviations. There is a predominance of females (n = 137) and higher rates in almost all professions, and higher average age (38.9%, SD = 7.8) and income wage (average = 10) in the medical category. Regarding the more developed activities, for physicians and nurses are the healthcare actions in the Unit, the oral hygiene for dentists, the immunization for auxiliary nurses (Aux-N), educational meeting for the dental office assistants (ACD), and home visitations to community-based health workers (ACS). About the easiness of work, 93.2% said to be presence of professionals with a personal profile in public healthcare; about the difficulties, 86.8% of professionals cited the unavailability of material, followed by salary range reported by nurses (80.9% ), dentists (80.0%), physicians (73.3%), ACS (83.1%), and Aux-N (90.5%). In relation to working conditions, the unavailability of materials was the most mentioned, with the exception of dentists who reported improvement in wages. We still identify among these difficulties: the drugs availability regarded as first grade obstacle by ACS and physicians, the type of contracts in second grade cited by the ACD and dentists and, in third grade, the salary range cited by dentists and auxiliary nurses. It is concluded that the difficulties and easiness faced by ESF professionals are divergent among themselves. For physicians and nurses, whose healthcare actions become directed to specific groups, the individual and the family, their difficulties relate to the unavailability of materials. For dentists, whose actions more quoted were topical application of fluoride and supervised toothbrush, their greatest difficulty is the salary range. As to the Aux-N, ACD and ACS, for all of them the unavailability of materials has hindered the implementation of their activities in ESF