Liderando el cambio : estudio sobre las necesidades formativas de los futuros docentes de secundaria

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Mesa redonda sobre el esquema nacional de seguridad

Miguel Ángel Amutio, Jefe de Área de la Dirección General para la Promoción y Desarrollo de la e-Administración del Ministerio de la Presidencia, presenta el esquema nacional de seguridad desde el punto de vista de la administración estatal

A satisfação dos estudantes Erasmus em Lisboa

Este trabalho tem como finalidade responder a uma questão central originada a partir do tema geral – A Satisfação dos Estudantes ERASMUS em Lisboa. Torna-se assim objectivo central resolver o problema materializado na seguinte pergunta de partida: Qual o nível de satisfação dos estudantes ERASMUS a estudar em Lisboa? Participaram 67 estudantes, maioritariamente europeus. Os dados foram obtidos através de questionário, sendo que existe uma correlação significativa, negativa e moderada entre o nível de satisfação e as dificuldades sentidas pelos estudantes (rS=-0,450; p=0,000). Os estudantes ERASMUS apresentam maior nível de satisfação em relação às amizades 77,5% e ao lazer 71,6% e menor nível de satisfação na forma como as aulas são dadas 25,4% e na atenção recebida quando interagem com outras pessoas 22,4%. Quanto ao nível de dificuldades sentidas, os estudantes apresentam um nível baixo de dificuldades em fazer compras 89,5% e manter os seus valores e crenças entre os pares 88%. Enquanto apresentam maior nível de dificuldades sentidas em lidar com a burocracia das universidades 25,3% e conseguir um local adequado para morar 20,9%. Existem diferenças estatisticamente significativas no sexo (U(-2,070)=365,500; p=0,038), uma vez que o sexo masculino apresenta maior nível de dificuldades que o sexo feminino (Mfem=30,20; Mmasc=40,38).

Identificação de factores de risco cardiovascular na população diabética de um posto de colheitas de um laboratório de análises clínicas

outros, importantes factores de risco. Os objectivos do presente estudo são: estimar a prevalência dos diabéticos na população de um posto de colheitas de um laboratório de análises clínicas; caracterizar sócio-demograficamente a população diabética; identificar a prevalência de fumadores na população diabética; determinar a prevalência de diabéticos com dislipidemia; caracterizar os factores de risco cardiovascular dos diabéticos em estudo; calcular a prevalência de diabéticos medicados controlados; caracterizar os medicamentos antidiabéticos utilizados. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo observacional e transversal. Aplicou-se um questionário por entrevista, confidencial e voluntário e registaram-se os resultados dos seguintes parâmetros: HbA1c, glicemia em jejum, colesterol total, HDL, LDL e triglicéridos durante dois meses a todos os diabéticos de um posto de colheitas. Dos 1693 utentes, 24% (406/1693) referiram ser diabéticos. Destes, 54 preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Trinta e quatro são homens.A maioria (40,7%) tem entre 55 e 64 anos e 88,9% (48/54) tem dislipidemia. Dos diabéticos medicados, 82% (41/50) não têm a diabetes controlada. O grupo terapêutico mais utilizado é o das biguanidas (69,9%). O estudo demonstra uma elevada prevalência de doentes diabéticos com factores de risco não controlados (dislipidemia e hiperglicemia). Programas de educação para a saúde transversais focados na promoção de estilos de vida saudáveis, tendo como base o laboratório de análises clínicas podem contribuir para o controlo dos factores de risco cardiovascular.

Cochlear protein expression in kanamycin treated mice

Experiments evaluated cochlear expression of key stress proteins in kanamycin and saline treated C57BL/6J and CBA/J mice using immunocytochemistry. A qualitative approach was used to assess immunoreactivity for HSP70, HSF-1, HO-1, and TNF-α as a function of strain and treatment.

Radar studies of the vertical distribution of insects migrating over southern Britain: the influence of temperature inversions on nocturnal layer concentrations

Insects migrating over two sites in southern UK (Malvern in Worcestershire, and Harpenden in Hertfordshire) have been monitored continuously with nutating vertical-looking radars (VLRs) equipped with powerful control and analysis software. These observations make possible, for the first time, a systematic investigation of the vertical distribution of insect aerial density in the atmosphere, over temporal scales ranging from the short (instantaneous vertical profiles updated every 15 min) to the very long (profiles aggregated over whole seasons or even years). In the present paper, an outline is given of some general features of insect stratification as revealed by the radars, followed by a description of occasions during warm nights in the summer months when intense insect layers developed. Some of these nocturnal layers were due to the insects flying preferentially at the top of strong surface temperature inversions, and in other cases, layering was associated with higher-altitude temperature maxima, such as those due to subsidence inversions. The layers were formed from insects of a great variety of sizes, but peaks in the mass distributions pointed to a preponderance of medium-sized noctuid moths on certain occasions.

Biological and chemical assessment of zinc ageing in field soils

As zinc (Zn) is both an essential trace element and potential toxicant, the effects of Zn fixation in soil are of practical significance. Soil samples from four field sites amended with ZnSO4 were used to investigate ageing of soluble Zn under field conditions over a 2-year period. Lability of Zn measured using 65Zn radioisotope dilution showed a significant decrease over time and hence evidence of Zn fixation in three of the four soils. However, 0.01 M CaCl2 extractions and toxicity measurements using a genetically modified lux-marked bacterial biosensor did not indicate a decrease in soluble/bioavailable Zn over time. This was attributed to the strong regulatory effect of abiotic properties such as pH on these latter measurements. These results also showed that Zn ageing occurred immediately after Zn spiking, emphasising the need to incubate freshly spiked soils before ecotoxicity assessments. Ageing effects were detected in Zn-amended field soils using 65Zn isotopic dilution as a measure of lability, but not with either CaCl2 extractions or a lux-marked bacterial biosensor.

Evaluation of a large-eddy model simulation of a mixed-phase altocumulus cloud using microwave radiometer, lidar and Doppler radar data

Using the Met Office large-eddy model (LEM) we simulate a mixed-phase altocumulus cloud that was observed from Chilbolton in southern England by a 94 GHz Doppler radar, a 905 nm lidar, a dual-wavelength microwave radiometer and also by four radiosondes. It is important to test and evaluate such simulations with observations, since there are significant differences between results from different cloud-resolving models for ice clouds. Simulating the Doppler radar and lidar data within the LEM allows us to compare observed and modelled quantities directly, and allows us to explore the relationships between observed and unobserved variables. For general-circulation models, which currently tend to give poor representations of mixed-phase clouds, the case shows the importance of using: (i) separate prognostic ice and liquid water, (ii) a vertical resolution that captures the thin layers of liquid water, and (iii) an accurate representation the subgrid vertical velocities that allow liquid water to form. It is shown that large-scale ascents and descents are significant for this case, and so the horizontally averaged LEM profiles are relaxed towards observed profiles to account for these. The LEM simulation then gives a reasonable. cloud, with an ice-water path approximately two thirds of that observed, with liquid water at the cloud top, as observed. However, the liquid-water cells that form in the updraughts at cloud top in the LEM have liquid-water paths (LWPs) up to half those observed, and there are too few cells, giving a mean LWP five to ten times smaller than observed. In reality, ice nucleation and fallout may deplete ice-nuclei concentrations at the cloud top, allowing more liquid water to form there, but this process is not represented in the model. Decreasing the heterogeneous nucleation rate in the LEM increased the LWP, which supports this hypothesis. The LEM captures the increase in the standard deviation in Doppler velocities (and so vertical winds) with height, but values are 1.5 to 4 times smaller than observed (although values are larger in an unforced model run, this only increases the modelled LWP by a factor of approximately two). The LEM data show that, for values larger than approximately 12 cm s(-1), the standard deviation in Doppler velocities provides an almost unbiased estimate of the standard deviation in vertical winds, but provides an overestimate for smaller values. Time-smoothing the observed Doppler velocities and modelled mass-squared-weighted fallspeeds shows that observed fallspeeds are approximately two-thirds of the modelled values. Decreasing the modelled fallspeeds to those observed increases the modelled IWC, giving an IWP 1.6 times that observed.

The impact of a closed-loop electronic prescribing and administration system on prescribing errors, administration errors and staff time: a before-and-after study

Objectives: To assess the impact of a closed-loop electronic prescribing, automated dispensing, barcode patient identification and electronic medication administration record (EMAR) system on prescribing and administration errors, confirmation of patient identity before administration, and staff time. Design, setting and participants: Before-and-after study in a surgical ward of a teaching hospital, involving patients and staff of that ward. Intervention: Closed-loop electronic prescribing, automated dispensing, barcode patient identification and EMAR system. Main outcome measures: Percentage of new medication orders with a prescribing error, percentage of doses with medication administration errors (MAEs) and percentage given without checking patient identity. Time spent prescribing and providing a ward pharmacy service. Nursing time on medication tasks. Results: Prescribing errors were identified in 3.8% of 2450 medication orders pre-intervention and 2.0% of 2353 orders afterwards (p<0.001; χ2 test). MAEs occurred in 7.0% of 1473 non-intravenous doses pre-intervention and 4.3% of 1139 afterwards (p = 0.005; χ2 test). Patient identity was not checked for 82.6% of 1344 doses pre-intervention and 18.9% of 1291 afterwards (p<0.001; χ2 test). Medical staff required 15 s to prescribe a regular inpatient drug pre-intervention and 39 s afterwards (p = 0.03; t test). Time spent providing a ward pharmacy service increased from 68 min to 98 min each weekday (p = 0.001; t test); 22% of drug charts were unavailable pre-intervention. Time per drug administration round decreased from 50 min to 40 min (p = 0.006; t test); nursing time on medication tasks outside of drug rounds increased from 21.1% to 28.7% (p = 0.006; χ2 test). Conclusions: A closed-loop electronic prescribing, dispensing and barcode patient identification system reduced prescribing errors and MAEs, and increased confirmation of patient identity before administration. Time spent on medication-related tasks increased.