914 resultados para Leite fermantado Microbiologia
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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV
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Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Animal - FEIS
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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As micotoxinas são metabólitos secundários produzidos por fungos. Com o intuito de aumentar a produção leiteira, cada vez mais usam-se alimentos ricos em grãos na dieta de bovinos, o que eleva significativamente o risco de exposição às micotoxinas. As condições climáticas brasileiras favorecem o desenvolvimento de fungos e a produção de micotoxinas. As micotoxinas ingeridas pelos bovinos podem ser transferidas para o leite que, ao ser consumido, causará a contaminação do homem. Este é um fator preocupante, pois o leite é um alimento altamente consumido em todas as fases da vida e é extremamente importante para o desenvolvimento de crianças. O Brasil é o 3º maior produtor mundial de leite, com a intenção de se colocar no mercado externo. Com base nesses fatos, o objetivo deste trabalho foi levantar informações a respeitos das principais micotoxinas encontradas no leite, seja este cru, refrigerado ou esterilizado. Para tanto, foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico em três bases de dados, utilizando-se os seguintes descritores: (mycotoxins OR micotoxinas) AND (milk OR leite). Foram selecionados 10 trabalhos que realizaram quantificação de micotoxinas no leite, sendo concluído que as micotoxinas de maior importância no leite são as aflatoxinas, que representam um grande risco à saúde humana e animal, sendo importante a prevenção dos fungos produtores da mesma.
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The dulce de leche or milk candy is a food widely consumed in Brazil, which shows typical characteristics of taste, color, flavor and texture. The lady-finger red pepper is regularly present on the Brazilian people table as this product contains a pungent flavor favoring various spices; and it is also rich in ascorbic acid (vitamin C) which is an excellent antioxidant. This study aimed at developing a dulce de leche containing lady-finger red pepper, and to determine the composition of the product. Also, the ascorbic acid contents were quantified in products stored for different periods (0, 30 and 60 days). The product acceptance by consumers on the sensory characteristics was evaluated by means of hedonic scale for color, aroma, flavor and texture attributes. The composition of the product was in accordance with the legislation in force, and the ascorbic acid contents were practically stable during the storage, and the sensory analyses indicated that the red pepper-containing dulce de leche was well accepted.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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The informal milk is recognized as the product marketed without inspection. We evaluated the microbiological quality, nutritional ingredients and substances inhibiting bacterial growth in 100 informal samples from cows milk, marketed in the southwest region of the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. It was found that 77% of Somatic Cell Count (SCC) and 86% of Total Bacterial Count (TBC) of the samples were at odds with the maximum values required by Instruction Rules 62 of the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Supply. It was identified to solids contents in disagreement (36%), protein (23%), fat (38%), nonfat dry extract (43%) and 73% urea nitrogen. In 59% of the samples was detected residues of the bacterial growth inhibitors. Were isolated 240 strains of micro-organisms with a prevalence of enterobacteria, streptococci, staphylococci and fungi. The informal milk is marketed in the region without the minimum hygienic conditions and present risks to public health, and represents serious socio-economic problem for the region.
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Hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) is one of the main tools currently used to ensure safety, quality and integrity of foods. So, the aim of this study was to develop and implement the HACCP program in the processing of pasteurized grade A milk Checklists were used to assess on the level of the pre requisites programs and on the sanitary classification of the dairy industry and the results were used as references for the development of the HACCP system. A "decision tree" protocol was used for the identification of the critical control points (CCP). No physical or chemical CCP were identified, whereas pasteurization and packaging were considered biological CCP For these CCP, the limits for prevention, monitoring needs, corrective actions, critical limits and verification procedures were established. The pre requisites program was essential for the establishment of the system. The implementation of the HACCP for the processing of grade A pasteurized milk was efficient to control the biological hazards and enabled the product to comply with the legislation specifications and achieve safety.
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Functional foods are defined as those that provide additional benefits to consumers. The market for foods with functional properties is expanding, supported by scientific evidences, which leads the developing of different special foods. This market segment is related to the innovations, as well as the traditional functional dairy and non dairy products, gain traction in the marketplace for innovative products like based whey sports beverage. Besides the functionality of muscle protein synthesis, these beverages are entering into areas such as clinical nutrition and satiety. Thus, it can be supposed that the composition and technological versatility of the whey support the use asinnovative ingredient for foods and beverages. This review aim to supply an overview about functional foods, mainly the segment of whey based beverages. The success of this new nutritional approach is close related to the requirement to identify, to characterize and to develop methodologies to measure and to validate more precisely the relevant functional markers, making them open for a public domain.
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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ