Disentangling the link between health and social capital: A comparison of immigrant and native-born populations in Spain

An increasing body of research has pointed to the relevance of social capital in studying a great variety of socio-economic phenomena, ranging from economics growth and development to educational attainment and public health. Conceptually, our paper is framed within the debates about the possible links between health and social capital, on one hand, and within the hypotheses regarding the importance of social and community networks in all stages of the dynamics of international migration, on the other hand. Our primary objective is to explore the ways social relations contribute to health differences between the immigrants and the native-born population of Spain. We also try to reveal differences in the nature of the social networks of foreign-born, as compared to that of the native-born persons. The empirical analysis is based on an individual-level data coming from the 2006 Spanish Health Survey, which contains a representative sample of the immigrant population. To assess the relationship between various health indicators (self-assessed health, chronic conditions and long-term illness) and social capital, controlling for other covariates, we estimate multilevel models separately for the two population groups of interest. In the estimates we distinguish between individual and community-level social capital. While the Health Survey contains information that allows us to define individual social capital measures, the collective indicators come from other official sources. In particular, for the subsample of immigrants, we proxy community-level networks and relationships by variables contained in the Spanish National Survey of Immigrants 2007. The results obtained so far point to the relevance of social capital as a covariate in the health equation, although, the significance varies according to the specific health indicator used. Additionally, and contrary to what is expected, immigrants’ social networks seem to be inferior to those of the native-born population in many aspects; and they also affect immigrant’s health to a lesser extent. Policy implications of the findings are discussed. Keywords: health status, social capital, immigration, Spain

An application of capital allocation principles to operational risk

The cost of operational risk refers to the capital needed to a fford the loss generated by ordinary activities of a firm. In this work we demonstrate how allocation principles can be used to the subdivision of the aggregate capital so that the firm can distribute this cost across its various constituents that generate operational risk. Several capital allocation principles are revised. Proportional allocation allows to calculate a relative risk premium to be charged to each unit. An example of fraud risk in the banking sector is presented and some correlation scenarios between business lines are compared. Keywords: solvency, quantile, value at risk, copulas

Arrest du Conseil d'Etat du Roi rendu au sujet du privilège ci-devant accordé pour l'impression de l'ouvrage intitulé «De l'Esprit»

[Acte. 1758-08-10]

Accord des vrais principes de l'Eglise, de la morale, et de la raison sur la Constitution civile du clergé de France ([Reprod.]) / par les évêques des départemens, membres de l'Assemblée nationale constituante

Collection : Les archives de la Révolution française ; 8.792

Supplément à l'ouvrage des évêques constitutionnels, sur l'accord de la raison et de la religion avec la Constitution civile du clergé ([Reprod.]) / par un oratorien

Collection : Les archives de la Révolution française ; 8.793

Sermon sur l'accord de la religion et de la liberté prononcé dans la métropole de Paris, le 4 février 1791, pour la solemnité civique des anciens représentans de la Commune, en mémoire de ce qu'à pareil jour, le Roi vint à l'Assemblée nationale reconnaître la souveraineté du peuple ([Reprod.]) / Claude Lauchet, prédicateur du Roi,...

Collection : Les archives de la Révolution française ; 8.1053

Ordonnance de nosseigneurs de l'amirauté de France, portant prorogation du délai accordé par celle du 16 avril 1777, aux personnes ayant à leur service des nègres, négresses, mulâtres ou autres gens de couleur... pour faire leur déclaration au greffe de l'Amirauté...

[Acte. 1777-07-07. Paris]

L'apêchêmie, ou Discordance entre les principes de l'église et ceux qu'établissent les évêques constitutionnels, dans l'accord des principes ([Reprod.]) / par M. Litda,...

Collection : Les archives de la Révolution française ; 8.1272

Endogenous growth with capital in R&D production functions

[eng] In this paper we claim that capital is as important in the production of ideas as in the production of final goods. Hence, we introduce capital in the production of knowledge and discuss the associated problems arising from the public good nature of knowledge. We show that although population growth can affect economic growth, it is not necessary for growth to arise. We derive both the social planner and the decentralized economy growth rates and show the optimal subsidy that decentralizes it. We also show numerically that the effects of population growth on the market growth rate, the optimal growth rate and the optimal subsidy are small. Besides, we find that physical capital is more important for the production of knowledge than for the production of goods.

Endogenous growth with capital in R&D production functions

[eng] In this paper we claim that capital is as important in the production of ideas as in the production of final goods. Hence, we introduce capital in the production of knowledge and discuss the associated problems arising from the public good nature of knowledge. We show that although population growth can affect economic growth, it is not necessary for growth to arise. We derive both the social planner and the decentralized economy growth rates and show the optimal subsidy that decentralizes it. We also show numerically that the effects of population growth on the market growth rate, the optimal growth rate and the optimal subsidy are small. Besides, we find that physical capital is more important for the production of knowledge than for the production of goods.

Human Capital Questionnaire (PHCQ): Assessment of European nurses' perception as indicators of human capital quality

Healthcare accreditation models generally include indicators related to healthcare employees' perceptions (e.g. satisfaction, career development, and health safety). During the accreditation process, organizations are asked to demonstrate the methods with which assessments are made. However, none of the models provide standardized systems for the assessment of employees. In this study, we analyzed the psychometric properties of an instrument for the assessment of nurses' perceptions as indicators of human capital quality in healthcare organizations. The Human Capital Questionnaire was applied to a sample of 902 nurses in four European countries (Spain, Portugal, Poland, and the UK). Exploratory factor analysis identified six factors: satisfaction with leadership, identification and commitment, satisfaction with participation, staff well-being, career development opportunities, and motivation. The results showed the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, which when applied to healthcare organizations, provide a better understanding of nurses' perceptions, and is a parsimonious instrument for assessment and organizational accreditation. From a practical point of view, improving the quality of human capital, by analyzing nurses and other healthcare employees' perceptions, is related to workforce empowerment.

Gestión del conocimiento y del capital intelectual en una PYME del sector textil

Se presenta una propuesta para la Gestión del Conocimiento en una empresa del sector textilque desarrolla las actividades de ennoblecimiento del producto. El objetivo ha sido diseñar unsistema de soporte para la toma de decisiones, que considere la perspectiva de la medición delCapital Intelectual, y que incorpore elementos del Cuadro de Mando Integral. La realizaciónde la propuesta se basa en una amplia documentación sobre modelos y casos, tanto de Gestióndel Conocimiento como de la Medición del Capital Intelectual.