Hermenéutica de la astrología greco-romana

[ES] La astrología grecorromana es un código lingüístico con signos (planetas, signos del Zodíaco), y con leyes de interconexión entre ellos (eclíptica, aspectos, casas, límites), y ha de ser valorada no sólo desde la perspectiva de su cientificidad, sino desde la de sus funciones para el individuo y la sociedad: es un conocimiento del futuro singular que afecta a la totalidad de lo implicado, y en la totalidad de sus dimensiones. Suple así el conocimiento de la ciencia antigua, que no fue capaz de incluir ni lo futuro ni lo singular. La astrología integra al individuo en la comunidad, integrándolo previamente en su universo semántico. Cosmos, mundo humano y mundo natural se armonizan totalmente.

Catches in ghost-fishing octopus and fish traps in the northeastern Atlantic Ocean (Algarve, Portugal)

Ghost fishing is the term used to describe the continued capture of fish and other living organisms after a fisherman has lost all control over the gear. Traps may be lost for a variety of reasons including theft, vandalism, abandonment, interactions with other gear, fouling on the bottom (i.e., traps and ropes are caught on rocky substrate), bad weather, and human error (Laist, 1995). Annual trap loss can be as high as 20% to 50% of fished traps in some fisheries (Al-Masroori et al., 2004). Because lost traps can continue to fish for long periods, albeit with decreasing efficiency over time (e.g., Smolowitz, 1978; Breen, 1987, 1990; Guillory, 1993), ghost fishing is a concern in fisheries worldwide.

Exploitation and reproduction of the spotted eagle ray (Aetobatus narinari) in the Los Frailes Archipelago, Venezuela

We studied a small artisanal fishery for the spotted eagle ray (Aetobatus narinari) off Margarita Island in northeastern Venezuela. We analyzed data from 413 fishing trips directed at A. narinari over a 29-month sampling period (August 2005–December 2007). These trips yielded 55.9 metric tons and 1352 individuals from which a subsample of 846 females and 321 males was used for biological data. Maximum fishing effort and landings occurred between February and May, and catch per unit of effort was highest between December and February and between July and October with an overall average of 3 individuals and 133 kg per trip. The overall sex ratio was significantly different from 1:1 with a predominance of females. Females ranged in size with disc widths (DW) from 64 to 226 cm. Males ranged in size between 97 and 190 cm DW. There was no statistically significant difference between male and female length-weight relationships. Mean fecundity was estimated at 3.09 embryos per female, and the largest embryo measured 44.5 cm DW. Females in different maturity stages were found in all months, except November 2007, the month when all females were immature. Postgravid females occurred mainly during the periods of January–May and July–October. Mean length (L50) at maturity was estimated at 129.2 cm DW for males and 134.9 cm DW for females. This study provides much needed information on the biology and life history of A. narinari for the management of an intensive, directed, small-scale fishery for this little known species in northeastern Venezuela.

Acidentes de motocicleta em Paranavaí-PR: uma análise para o Sistema Único de Saúde e para o DPVAT

O presente trabalho visa caracterizar os acidentes com envolvimento de motocicletas no perímetro urbano de Paranavaí-PR, em 2007, e estimar o impacto econômico das internações advindas destes, na perspectiva do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e para o Seguro obrigatório que cobre danos pessoais causados por veículos automotores de via terrestre (DPVAT). Trata-se de um estudo transversal, retrospectivo, que se baseia em buscas e análises das bases de dados do Serviço integrado de atendimento ao trauma e emergência (SIATE), do DPVAT e do Sistema de informações sobre internações do SUS (SIH-SUS), com vias a análise das variáveis: gênero, idade, tipo de acidente, condição da vítima no acidente, mês da ocorrência, gravidade, frequência de internação hospitalar, custo, componentes de custo, óbitos e tempo médio de permanência no SUS. A busca ocorreu, primeiramente, no sistema do SIATE para conhecer todos os acidentados com envolvimento de motocicletas no perímetro urbano de Paranavaí, no ano de 2007. De posse desses nomes, as buscas seguintes ocorreram no sistema interno do DPVAT e no SIH-SUS. O profissional do SIATE, no momento da abordagem da ocorrência julga a gravidade da vítima conforme códigos, sendo 1 para ferimentos leves, 2 para graves sem risco à vida, 3, graves com risco à vida e 4, os óbitos. A população estudada constou de 655 vítimas (440 homens e 215 mulheres), com média de idade de 29,5 anos, sendo que 598 (91,3%) saíram lesionadas e 11 (1,7%) vieram a óbito. O condutor de motocicleta foi o mais acometido e o tipo de acidente mais comum aconteceu entre um automóvel e uma motocicleta. Com relação à frequência da internação hospitalar (pelo SUS, DPVAT ou ambos), foi, em média, de 27% (177 de 655). Do total de vítimas internadas verificou-se que 106 tiveram cobertura do DPVAT, 58 do SUS e 13 de ambos. As internações pelo DPVAT geraram um custo total de R$ 191.423,43, custo médio de R$ 1.608,60 por internação. Com relação aos custos das internações do SUS, os referidos acidentes geraram o pagamento de R$ 42.342,20, perfazendo a média de R$ 450,44 por AIH e de R$ 596,37 por paciente. O custo médio da internação dos acidentes de trânsito com envolvimento de motocicletas foi de R$ 1.321,00, sendo que para o código 1 foi de R$ 885,00, para o código 2 de R$ 1.377,00 e para o código 3 de R$ 2.034,00. Portanto, foi possível caracterizar os acidentes e chegar a estimativas de quanto se gasta com as internações advindas destes, além disso, este é um indicativo claro da necessidade de adotar políticas públicas que priorizem a aplicação dos recursos financeiros e humanos na redução dos acidentes e da sua gravidade.

A preliminary study on the feeding regime of European pilchard (Sardina pilchardus Walbaum 1792) in Izmir Bay, Turkey, Eastern Aegean Sea

The gut contents of Sardina pilchardus specimens captured in Izmir Bay were examined in order to determine their feeding regimes. Of the 365 stomachs examined, 321 (87.95%) contained food and 44 (12.05%) were empty. Analysis of gut contents verified that S. pilchardus feeds on zooplankton. The most important group in the diet of S. pilchardus was copepods (79.79%). Decapod crustacean larvae (8.17%) and bivalves (3.18%) were second and third, respectively, in order of importance. The application of analysis of variance to monthly data of numerical percentage, weight percentage, frequency of occurrence and index of relative importance indicated that there was no significant difference between months. Oncaea media was the most dominant species for six months of the year. Euterpina acutifrons, Centropages typicus, Calanoida, Oncaea sp. and Corycaeus sp. were the most dominant for March, April, May, September, October and December.

Sensitivity of wear rates in the micro-scale abrasion test to test conditions and material hardness

Micro-scale abrasion (ball cratering) tests were performed with different combinations of ball and bulk specimen materials, under different test conditions, such as load and abrasive slurry concentration. Wear modes were classified into two types: with rolling particle motion and with grooving particle motion. Wear rates observed with rolling particle motion were relatively insensitive to test conditions, whereas with grooving motion they varied much more. It is suggested that rolling abrasion is therefore a more appropriate mode if reproducible test results are desired. The motion of the abrasive particles can be reliably predicted from the knowledge of hardnesses and elastic properties of the ball and the specimen, and from the normal load and the abrasive slurry concentration. General trends in wear resistance measured in the micro-scale abrasion test with rolling particle motion are similar to those reported in tests with fixed abrasives with sliding particle motion, although the variation in wear resistance with hardness is significantly smaller. © 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V.